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1
00:00:00,967 --> 00:00:04,636
(SILENCE)
2
00:00:26,693 --> 00:00:30,062
(AUDIENCE APPLAUDING)
3
00:00:30,151 --> 00:00:32,031
Well, now, with just a
slight skip of the heart,
4
00:00:32,033 --> 00:00:34,666
we have, I think, got through
to Chicago and Muhammad Ali.
5
00:00:34,668 --> 00:00:37,936
- Are you hearing us from London,
Muhammad? - Yes, Sir. Loud and clear.
6
00:00:37,938 --> 00:00:41,273
- How are you doing today? - Very
well. Thank you. Welcome to the show.
7
00:00:41,275 --> 00:00:46,645
Thank you for allowing me to come to
you live by Early Bird satellite.
8
00:00:46,647 --> 00:00:49,815
Now, let me just get a few
facts straight with you.
9
00:00:49,817 --> 00:00:52,618
You're a professional
fighter, right?
10
00:00:52,620 --> 00:00:56,789
I am a minister of the
religion of Islam also.
11
00:00:56,791 --> 00:00:58,824
A professional fighter
and a minister as well.
12
00:00:58,826 --> 00:01:04,063
- Yes, Sir. - David Susskind would
like to ask you some questions. David.
13
00:01:04,065 --> 00:01:05,431
Well, I don't know
where to begin.
14
00:01:05,433 --> 00:01:11,003
I find nothing amusing or interesting
or tolerable about this man.
15
00:01:11,005 --> 00:01:14,406
He's a disgrace to his
country, his race...
16
00:01:14,408 --> 00:01:17,609
and what he laughingly
describes as his profession.
17
00:01:17,611 --> 00:01:21,013
He is a convicted felon
in the United States.
18
00:01:21,015 --> 00:01:23,515
He has been found guilty.
19
00:01:23,517 --> 00:01:24,483
He is out on bail.
20
00:01:24,485 --> 00:01:27,786
He will inevitably go to
prison, as well he should.
21
00:01:27,788 --> 00:01:31,623
He's a simplistic
fool and a pawn.
22
00:01:33,760 --> 00:01:36,728
(MAN)
Muhammad Ali.
23
00:01:37,831 --> 00:01:40,499
One of the greatest
athletes of all time.
24
00:01:40,501 --> 00:01:44,903
As the first three-time heavyweight
boxing champion of the world,
25
00:01:44,905 --> 00:01:48,040
he thrilled, entertained
and inspired us.
26
00:01:48,042 --> 00:01:51,743
(LOUIS FARRAKHAN) He was
given the Medal of Freedom...
27
00:01:51,745 --> 00:01:53,779
by the president of
the United States.
28
00:01:53,781 --> 00:01:57,883
(PRESIDENT BUSH) The American people
are proud to call Muhammad Ali...
29
00:01:57,885 --> 00:02:00,819
- one of our own.
- (APPLAUSE)
30
00:02:06,426 --> 00:02:12,064
(FARRAKHAN) What does it
mean, the Medal of Freedom?
31
00:02:12,066 --> 00:02:13,599
We bring you up. Oh, yes.
32
00:02:13,601 --> 00:02:19,104
This is Muhammad Ali, the great
fighter, the great humanitarian,
33
00:02:19,106 --> 00:02:21,140
the great Muslim.
34
00:02:21,142 --> 00:02:22,608
Years ago,
35
00:02:22,610 --> 00:02:25,544
Ali came and sat right here.
36
00:02:25,546 --> 00:02:28,413
And Ali looked at me.
37
00:02:28,415 --> 00:02:33,318
He said, "Still a nigger."
38
00:02:34,487 --> 00:02:36,755
I said, "Oh, Ali."
39
00:02:36,757 --> 00:02:39,591
Don't talk like that."
40
00:02:39,593 --> 00:02:43,795
He said, "Still a nigger."
41
00:02:44,964 --> 00:02:48,400
What did my brother mean?
42
00:03:03,016 --> 00:03:06,718
(APPLAUSE)
43
00:03:10,639 --> 00:03:13,559
(ALI) Olympic champion,
and the flag is going...
44
00:03:13,561 --> 00:03:17,529
(Humming
"Star-Spangled Banner")
45
00:03:17,531 --> 00:03:19,798
And I'm standing so proud.
46
00:03:19,800 --> 00:03:20,999
I just hear the man say,
47
00:03:21,001 --> 00:03:25,737
"Champion of the whole world...
Cassius Clay."
48
00:03:26,079 --> 00:03:28,240
(RAHAMAN)
Olympic champion of the world...
49
00:03:28,242 --> 00:03:29,041
...from Kentucky.
50
00:03:29,043 --> 00:03:32,811
Southern boy raised poor becoming
a gold medal winner, oh, man.
51
00:03:32,813 --> 00:03:36,014
Oh! I still get excited.
52
00:03:36,516 --> 00:03:41,153
Me, my mother, my father were
standing at the terminal
53
00:03:41,155 --> 00:03:43,322
when he came off the plane.
54
00:03:43,324 --> 00:03:44,723
I was so happy.
55
00:03:44,725 --> 00:03:47,459
It was beautiful. Beautiful.
56
00:03:51,871 --> 00:03:54,032
Any ideas now as to whom
you might sign with?
57
00:03:54,034 --> 00:03:57,769
I would like to get with a nice,
honest crowd. Nice, clean people.
58
00:03:57,771 --> 00:04:01,106
And with the right backing, I
believe I'll have a chance...
59
00:04:01,108 --> 00:04:02,774
to become the world's
heavyweight champion.
60
00:04:02,776 --> 00:04:07,846
It's best to be with somebody you know
and from your own town if possible.
61
00:04:15,604 --> 00:04:18,924
I'm Gordon B. Davidson, attorney for
the Louisville Sponsoring Group,
62
00:04:18,926 --> 00:04:25,063
owner of Cassius Clay and the hired hand to
keep the group and Cassius Clay together.
63
00:04:25,065 --> 00:04:29,768
(DAVIDSON) We had a contract
with Ali for six years.
64
00:04:29,770 --> 00:04:34,806
We were as powerful a group as you
could put together in Louisville.
65
00:04:34,808 --> 00:04:37,776
These were all capitalists.
66
00:04:37,778 --> 00:04:42,047
I'm Bill Faversham, vice
president of Brown-Foreman,
67
00:04:42,049 --> 00:04:44,983
and one of the founders of
the group of Cassius Clay.
68
00:04:44,985 --> 00:04:47,552
I'm also his manager.
69
00:04:49,722 --> 00:04:50,989
I'm W.L. Lyons Brown,
70
00:04:50,991 --> 00:04:54,660
chairman of the board of Brown-Foreman
Distillers Corporation.
71
00:04:54,662 --> 00:04:57,062
I'm also a farmer and
in the oil business.
72
00:04:57,064 --> 00:05:00,866
(DAVIDSON) The original
group, they're all deceased.
73
00:05:00,868 --> 00:05:03,235
I'm the only survivor.
74
00:05:03,770 --> 00:05:09,574
The reason for the group was
to aid, assist and protect...
75
00:05:09,576 --> 00:05:12,844
this fine Louisville athlete.
76
00:05:12,846 --> 00:05:16,815
He was a young fellow
who wanted to be great.
77
00:05:18,785 --> 00:05:20,908
(MAN) Cassius, you
say you're gonna be
78
00:05:20,921 --> 00:05:23,055
champion by the time you're 21.
Is that right?
79
00:05:23,057 --> 00:05:28,193
As you know, today is the jet age.
Everybody's trying to break records.
80
00:05:28,195 --> 00:05:32,297
There's the man who says that
he'll be on the Moon by 1970.
81
00:05:32,299 --> 00:05:35,233
They're gonna make cars
that will run by sunlight.
82
00:05:35,235 --> 00:05:38,003
Well, those are pretty
game predictions.
83
00:05:38,005 --> 00:05:40,172
I wouldn't want to do too
much bragging about it,
84
00:05:40,174 --> 00:05:43,631
but everybody that watches
me, they say that.
85
00:05:43,644 --> 00:05:47,112
I'm the greatest that
they've ever seen.
86
00:05:47,114 --> 00:05:50,615
(DAVIDSON) But did I think he
would be the heavyweight champion?
87
00:05:50,617 --> 00:05:52,984
I had doubts about it.
88
00:05:53,033 --> 00:05:54,753
And I think the group
had doubts about it...
89
00:05:54,755 --> 00:05:58,357
because the odds, it's like
winning the Kentucky Derby.
90
00:05:58,359 --> 00:06:02,361
You have a horse, and the
horse looks pretty good,
91
00:06:02,363 --> 00:06:05,464
but it is gonna win the Derby?
92
00:06:05,598 --> 00:06:08,667
He never had a doubt about it.
93
00:06:08,801 --> 00:06:12,037
For me to say it was
a civic thing...
94
00:06:12,039 --> 00:06:14,005
...it was.
95
00:06:14,774 --> 00:06:18,710
This is the house behind us that
Muhammad and I were raised in...
96
00:06:18,712 --> 00:06:21,880
for the first 13
years of our life.
97
00:06:26,619 --> 00:06:29,921
(MUHAMMAD ALI) Who's the champ?
I'm the champ.
98
00:06:29,923 --> 00:06:31,490
- Come on.
- You come on.
99
00:06:31,492 --> 00:06:34,960
I was good, but he was
more gifted than I.
100
00:06:35,928 --> 00:06:37,562
Left jab,
101
00:06:37,564 --> 00:06:38,897
right cross,
102
00:06:38,899 --> 00:06:40,332
hook.
103
00:06:41,901 --> 00:06:45,904
(RAHAMAN) And we shared a room together.
It had twin beds.
104
00:06:45,906 --> 00:06:47,739
He had a bed on one
side on the room.
105
00:06:47,741 --> 00:06:50,041
I had a bed on the
side of the room.
106
00:06:52,678 --> 00:06:55,414
And from Mom, we got kindness,
107
00:06:55,416 --> 00:06:58,884
gentleness, sweetness
and affection, love.
108
00:06:58,886 --> 00:07:01,386
All the good things from Mom.
109
00:07:01,388 --> 00:07:04,790
My father, his name was
Cassius M. Clay Sr.
110
00:07:04,792 --> 00:07:07,392
As I understand, I'm
Cassius Marcellus Clay Vi.
111
00:07:07,394 --> 00:07:11,029
Well, Cassius Marcellus Clay
is a great name in Kentucky.
112
00:07:11,031 --> 00:07:13,131
(DAVIDSON)
Cassius Marcellus Clay...
113
00:07:13,133 --> 00:07:15,333
the old guy, the white guy,
114
00:07:15,335 --> 00:07:17,836
for whom Cassius was named...
115
00:07:17,838 --> 00:07:21,206
he was a very strong
abolitionist.
116
00:07:21,208 --> 00:07:26,812
I did talk to the Clays a lot.
Always a very friendly relationship.
117
00:07:26,814 --> 00:07:32,384
The father was kind of an
in-and-out sort of fellow...
118
00:07:32,652 --> 00:07:37,255
who painted signs and other
things for a living.
119
00:07:37,990 --> 00:07:42,994
(RAHAMAN) My father was painting
the churches here in Louisville.
120
00:07:59,946 --> 00:08:02,647
My dad painted this
beautiful portrait of
121
00:08:02,649 --> 00:08:05,650
Jesus Christ rescuing Peter.
122
00:08:06,018 --> 00:08:10,856
Peter started denying to believe
in Christ and he started sinking.
123
00:08:10,858 --> 00:08:12,858
(ALI) When I went
to church on Sunday,
124
00:08:12,860 --> 00:08:14,092
and I always asked my mother,
125
00:08:14,094 --> 00:08:15,894
"How come is
everything white?"
126
00:08:15,896 --> 00:08:20,465
I said, "Why is Jesus white
with blond hair and blue eyes?"
127
00:08:20,467 --> 00:08:21,633
Angels are white."
128
00:08:21,635 --> 00:08:25,337
I knew something was wrong,
but I couldn't pinpoint it.
129
00:08:26,706 --> 00:08:30,275
(DAVIDSON) They had a lawyer
whose name was Alberta Jones.
130
00:08:30,277 --> 00:08:35,013
She was an African-American
lawyer and a very good one.
131
00:08:35,015 --> 00:08:40,952
He had little regard for money,
except he wanted to have it to spend.
132
00:08:40,954 --> 00:08:42,521
When the group had him,
133
00:08:42,523 --> 00:08:48,193
the top rate for
income tax was 91%.
134
00:08:48,195 --> 00:08:49,794
It's now 35.
135
00:08:49,796 --> 00:08:55,901
So the more he made, the more
he paid to the government.
136
00:08:55,903 --> 00:08:57,569
To solve that problem,
137
00:08:57,571 --> 00:09:00,038
the group paid for
everything...
138
00:09:00,040 --> 00:09:04,609
so he could just
concentrate on his boxing.
139
00:09:06,427 --> 00:09:09,347
(MAN) Cassius, do you
believe that a fighter...
140
00:09:09,349 --> 00:09:11,283
actually tries to
kill another fighter?
141
00:09:11,285 --> 00:09:13,885
Does he get that vicious?
Do you get that vicious?
142
00:09:13,887 --> 00:09:17,322
Every time I enter a ring,
I intend to down him.
143
00:09:17,324 --> 00:09:18,490
And if he should
fall, he falls.
144
00:09:18,492 --> 00:09:23,662
Well, that's everybody's
intention or we wouldn't go in.
145
00:09:25,665 --> 00:09:32,070
We had a fund that we fondly jokingly
called "The Orange Juice Fund."
146
00:09:32,072 --> 00:09:36,007
When he was in Florida,
we would get the bills...
147
00:09:36,009 --> 00:09:39,444
and they would be in
the range of, say,
148
00:09:39,446 --> 00:09:42,914
2,000 gallons worth
of orange juice.
149
00:09:42,916 --> 00:09:48,753
And we knew that he wasn't drinking
2,000 gallons of orange juice.
150
00:09:48,755 --> 00:09:54,125
But the entourage managed to get
a little one way or another.
151
00:09:54,127 --> 00:09:58,163
We could not foresee the
difficulties that would lie ahead...
152
00:09:58,165 --> 00:10:05,637
as far as military service and, of
course, the Muslim affiliation.
153
00:10:08,074 --> 00:10:11,610
This is the corner where I
met Cassius Clay in 1961.
154
00:10:11,612 --> 00:10:18,416
I'm standing on the corner of Second
Avenue and Sixth Street in Miami, Florida.
155
00:10:18,418 --> 00:10:21,353
I was selling the Muhammad
Speaks newspaper...
156
00:10:21,355 --> 00:10:24,923
to propagate the
faith of Islam.
157
00:10:26,525 --> 00:10:29,527
We tried to clean
our people up.
158
00:10:30,997 --> 00:10:35,934
We were trying to be the best
citizens that American had.
159
00:10:35,936 --> 00:10:38,236
People trying to be righteous.
160
00:10:39,071 --> 00:10:43,074
We didn't smoke. We
didn't use drugs.
161
00:10:44,410 --> 00:10:46,144
We respected our women.
162
00:10:46,146 --> 00:10:51,449
We train our children to be the
same way. This is what he saw.
163
00:10:51,451 --> 00:10:53,952
Cassius Clay holler
across the street at me.
164
00:10:53,954 --> 00:10:58,256
He say, "Hey, brother, why
are we called Negroes?"
165
00:10:58,258 --> 00:11:00,392
Why are we called Negroes?
166
00:11:00,394 --> 00:11:02,160
"Why are we blind,
deaf and dumb?"
167
00:11:02,162 --> 00:11:04,996
Why are we deaf,
dumb and blind?
168
00:11:04,998 --> 00:11:07,399
Why is everybody
making progress...
169
00:11:07,401 --> 00:11:11,536
and yet we lag so far behind?
170
00:11:13,205 --> 00:11:16,141
I say, "Hey, man. You hip
to the teachings then."
171
00:11:16,143 --> 00:11:17,175
He say, "Yeah, man."
172
00:11:17,177 --> 00:11:21,379
Well, I took it on myself to
program him, we might say,
173
00:11:21,381 --> 00:11:26,184
keep after him to become a
Muslim in the Nation of Islam.
174
00:11:26,186 --> 00:11:27,485
But I wasn't the first
one he heard it from,
175
00:11:27,487 --> 00:11:32,957
'cause he heard it mainly from that
record Minister Farrakhan put out...
176
00:11:32,959 --> 00:11:36,394
"White Man's Heaven is
a Black Man's Hell."
177
00:11:38,130 --> 00:11:42,967
(FARRAKHAN) ♪ When the slave
master wanted to have some sport ♪
178
00:11:42,969 --> 00:11:48,373
♪ He would heap on our parents
cruelties of the worst sort ♪
179
00:11:48,375 --> 00:11:50,408
♪ Burn them at stake ♪
180
00:11:50,410 --> 00:11:52,243
♪ Hang them on trees ♪
181
00:11:52,245 --> 00:11:56,114
♪ His ears were deaf to
our parents' pleas ♪
182
00:11:56,116 --> 00:12:00,051
♪ Oh, my friend,
it's easy to tell ♪
183
00:12:00,053 --> 00:12:04,489
♪ White man heaven is
a black man hell ♪
184
00:12:04,491 --> 00:12:08,493
(FARRAKHAN) When Cassius
Marcellus Clay heard the song...
185
00:12:08,495 --> 00:12:12,097
"A White Man's Heaven is
a Black Man's Hell"...
186
00:12:12,099 --> 00:12:15,667
which is still true
to this very day...
187
00:12:15,669 --> 00:12:18,903
then he wanted to become
a part of a movement...
188
00:12:18,905 --> 00:12:24,442
that would free the minds and
hearts and spirit of our people.
189
00:12:24,444 --> 00:12:29,647
So he became a follower
of the Nation of Islam.
190
00:12:30,284 --> 00:12:32,684
Black people at that time
were tremendously vulnerable.
191
00:12:32,686 --> 00:12:37,622
Remember, we had no... There was really
no advocate for the black community...
192
00:12:37,624 --> 00:12:41,726
other than Martin Luther King
and the civil rights movement.
193
00:12:41,728 --> 00:12:46,164
But we wanted to overcome
yesterday, not someday.
194
00:12:46,166 --> 00:12:48,366
So the whole civil
rights motif...
195
00:12:48,368 --> 00:12:49,334
was not attractive to us.
196
00:12:49,336 --> 00:12:55,540
The overalls and the Southern
agrarian accoutrement...
197
00:12:55,542 --> 00:12:57,108
that they were fond of,
198
00:12:57,110 --> 00:12:58,476
this rubbed us the wrong way.
199
00:12:58,478 --> 00:13:00,645
I mean, we were city
guys, you know.
200
00:13:00,647 --> 00:13:03,248
We wanted to look
cool and urbane.
201
00:13:03,250 --> 00:13:07,352
We didn't want to act as if we
were farm workers, you know.
202
00:13:07,354 --> 00:13:12,290
(ABDUL RAHMAN MUHAMMAD) 1962,
I took Cassius Clay to Detroit.
203
00:13:12,292 --> 00:13:15,226
I kind of introduced him
to Malcolm at that time.
204
00:13:15,228 --> 00:13:16,494
(APPLAUDING)
205
00:13:16,496 --> 00:13:20,098
It is time for you and me
to stand up for ourselves.
206
00:13:20,100 --> 00:13:24,269
The Honorable Elijah
Muhammad teaches us...
207
00:13:24,271 --> 00:13:26,337
don't let the white
man speak for you...
208
00:13:26,339 --> 00:13:29,140
and don't let the white
man fight for you.
209
00:13:29,142 --> 00:13:31,309
(CHEERING, APPLAUDING)
210
00:13:31,377 --> 00:13:33,778
(MUWAKKIL) I think Malcolm
X was absolutely critical...
211
00:13:33,780 --> 00:13:36,481
to bringing Ali in to
the Nation of Islam.
212
00:13:36,483 --> 00:13:40,218
He was charismatic and Ali
was equally charismatic.
213
00:13:40,220 --> 00:13:42,687
And Ali was not very
sophisticated politically.
214
00:13:42,689 --> 00:13:48,493
I think Malcolm simply bowled him over
with his wisdom and his eloquence.
215
00:13:48,495 --> 00:13:50,695
(MALCOLM X) Egypt was judged
for enslaving the Hebrews.
216
00:13:50,697 --> 00:13:54,165
God destroyed them. This was
the Judgment Day in their day.
217
00:13:54,167 --> 00:13:55,266
Today, America's faced
with the same thing.
218
00:13:55,268 --> 00:13:58,570
If she doesn't let us go with the Honorable
Elijah Muhammad out of this country,
219
00:13:58,572 --> 00:14:03,541
then America will be destroyed just
as surely as Egypt was destroyed...
220
00:14:03,543 --> 00:14:06,077
and Babylon was destroyed.
221
00:14:08,848 --> 00:14:15,086
(MAN) I came into the
Nation of Islam in 1950.
222
00:14:15,088 --> 00:14:18,189
The minister was
talking about...
223
00:14:18,191 --> 00:14:21,192
this cross...
224
00:14:21,194 --> 00:14:24,729
that black people
had been nailed to.
225
00:14:26,265 --> 00:14:32,203
Said their hands had been nailed to the
cross where they couldn't use them...
226
00:14:32,205 --> 00:14:34,539
to work for themselves.
227
00:14:34,673 --> 00:14:38,810
Their feet had been
nailed to this cross...
228
00:14:38,812 --> 00:14:42,814
where they couldn't
travel as free men.
229
00:14:43,082 --> 00:14:48,219
A crown of thorns had been
crushed into their brain...
230
00:14:48,221 --> 00:14:53,157
where they were unable
to think for themselves.
231
00:14:53,159 --> 00:14:55,760
And at that moment,
232
00:14:55,762 --> 00:14:57,595
it appeared as though that...
233
00:14:57,597 --> 00:14:59,898
you know, when you
turn a light on...
234
00:14:59,900 --> 00:15:03,501
bling, it clicked
on in my head.
235
00:15:03,503 --> 00:15:08,206
The Nation of Islam will say,
"Well, this is white America."
236
00:15:08,208 --> 00:15:09,474
Why should they include you?
237
00:15:09,476 --> 00:15:16,714
This is their country. Um, don't expect
to be included in their mythology.
238
00:15:16,716 --> 00:15:19,550
"Create your own mythology."
239
00:15:21,201 --> 00:15:23,521
One of the reasons why we
could never progress...
240
00:15:23,523 --> 00:15:28,626
is because we had been indoctrinated
by a culture that demeaned us.
241
00:15:28,628 --> 00:15:33,431
Christianity was widely interpreted
to be a slave-making religion.
242
00:15:33,433 --> 00:15:36,567
Islam was seen to be a
slave-breaking religion.
243
00:15:36,569 --> 00:15:38,369
(MAN ON TAPE)
Greetings to you.
244
00:15:38,371 --> 00:15:44,175
I'm Elijah Muhammad, the preacher
of freedom, justice and equality...
245
00:15:44,177 --> 00:15:49,213
for my people who has
been lost and now found.
246
00:15:49,215 --> 00:15:52,016
If you are a free
man, don't say.
247
00:15:52,018 --> 00:15:56,087
"I wanna make you treat me
right" and you have made a slave
248
00:15:56,089 --> 00:16:02,293
out of my fathers, mothers, sisters
and brothers for 400 years.
249
00:16:02,295 --> 00:16:02,527
No.
250
00:16:02,529 --> 00:16:08,066
I don't want to make you
do nothing but let me go!
251
00:16:09,335 --> 00:16:12,804
(MAN) Do you feel that
integration is meaningless?
252
00:16:12,806 --> 00:16:16,407
I think integration
is completely sin.
253
00:16:16,409 --> 00:16:19,544
...to the black man
and white man.
254
00:16:19,546 --> 00:16:23,081
Separatism is the
only solution.
255
00:16:23,083 --> 00:16:25,717
(MUWAKKIL) I don't think many
members of the Nation of Islam...
256
00:16:25,719 --> 00:16:31,122
were concerned really with the
intricacies of the religion itself.
257
00:16:31,124 --> 00:16:35,860
Elijah Muhammad reinterpreted Islam
as part of a liberatory ideology.
258
00:16:35,862 --> 00:16:39,030
And that's the way it was
presented to the Nation of Islam.
259
00:16:39,032 --> 00:16:42,867
I said the Earth belongs
to the black man.
260
00:16:42,869 --> 00:16:45,770
(CHEERING)
261
00:16:47,373 --> 00:16:49,741
I don't know. There's some
mysterious force there.
262
00:16:49,743 --> 00:16:51,542
Because he wasn't really
a charismatic guy.
263
00:16:51,544 --> 00:16:55,580
But yet he had this amazing
attraction to some of the...
264
00:16:55,582 --> 00:16:58,483
(CHUCKLES) the meanest
and most sociopathic
265
00:16:58,485 --> 00:16:59,951
members of the community,
266
00:16:59,953 --> 00:17:02,820
as well as righteous folk.
267
00:17:02,822 --> 00:17:06,657
He was indeed a
majestic leader.
268
00:17:06,859 --> 00:17:09,994
When I first went to Miami
training for a professional fight,
269
00:17:09,996 --> 00:17:11,462
I went to a Muslim meeting.
270
00:17:11,464 --> 00:17:16,467
And as soon as I heard it, I knew this is
what I've been looking for all of my life.
271
00:17:16,469 --> 00:17:19,470
Well, the man proved to me
that I was not a Negro,
272
00:17:19,472 --> 00:17:20,571
that Cassius Clay
was not my name,
273
00:17:20,573 --> 00:17:23,708
and I didn't know my language
or my culture, my religion.
274
00:17:23,710 --> 00:17:26,811
Today, few Negro leaders...
militant or moderate...
275
00:17:26,813 --> 00:17:31,783
feel that the Negro masses will accept
the Black Muslim social doctrine.
276
00:17:31,785 --> 00:17:34,952
I'm convinced that a doctrine
of black supremacy...
277
00:17:34,954 --> 00:17:38,222
is as dangerous as a
doctrine of white supremacy.
278
00:17:38,224 --> 00:17:39,557
(AUDIENCE CHEERING,
APPLAUDING)
279
00:17:39,559 --> 00:17:41,893
(MAN)
Fear of the secret dark.
280
00:17:41,895 --> 00:17:42,894
They are black Muslims,
281
00:17:42,896 --> 00:17:47,732
a national religious cult that says it
will take over the United States...
282
00:17:47,734 --> 00:17:49,267
and eventually the world.
283
00:17:49,269 --> 00:17:53,471
Black capitalists... they preach
"build black, buy black."
284
00:17:53,473 --> 00:17:59,043
The Muslims operate 47 schools of
their own in the United States,
285
00:17:59,045 --> 00:18:03,781
including the University
of Islam in Chicago.
286
00:18:04,416 --> 00:18:09,854
Growing up in the Nation of
Islam was extraordinary.
287
00:18:09,856 --> 00:18:14,792
We were living in a
nation within a nation,
288
00:18:14,794 --> 00:18:17,395
which is this nation.
289
00:18:17,729 --> 00:18:21,399
Cassius Marcellus Clay
came to Chicago...
290
00:18:21,401 --> 00:18:26,571
to visit the Honorable
Elijah Muhammad's empire.
291
00:18:26,573 --> 00:18:28,973
"He said, " This
Elijah Muhammad,
292
00:18:28,975 --> 00:18:35,046
he called white men the devil
and... I mean, that's pretty bold.
293
00:18:35,048 --> 00:18:37,949
"I want to meet this
powerful man."
294
00:18:37,951 --> 00:18:39,851
And that's where I was at.
295
00:18:39,853 --> 00:18:43,688
I was in the school, and
I was 10 years old.
296
00:18:43,690 --> 00:18:48,559
Clay, he was introduced to the
whole masses in the auditorium.
297
00:18:48,561 --> 00:18:52,163
And he stood up there
and said to us...
298
00:18:52,498 --> 00:18:59,070
"I'm gonna be heavyweight champion before
I'm 21. So get your autographs now."
299
00:19:01,840 --> 00:19:04,876
So he came to me. He says,
"Hey, little girl"...
300
00:19:04,878 --> 00:19:06,544
And he was scribbling
his name...
301
00:19:06,546 --> 00:19:10,915
I says, "Brother, I'm gonna
tell you something."
302
00:19:11,016 --> 00:19:13,818
And as I'm telling him this,
I'm tearing up the autograph.
303
00:19:13,820 --> 00:19:18,956
"And you learn who you are and you
don't have the white man's name..."
304
00:19:18,958 --> 00:19:20,925
the slave name, you know...
305
00:19:20,927 --> 00:19:22,827
"then you can come back
to me and we'll talk."
306
00:19:22,829 --> 00:19:27,098
And I opened up his hand and
put the paper in his hand.
307
00:19:27,100 --> 00:19:30,635
And he froze. And he said,
308
00:19:30,836 --> 00:19:37,008
"What? Who is she?"
And I walked away.
309
00:19:45,817 --> 00:19:48,953
(CROWD CHEERING)
310
00:19:51,190 --> 00:19:53,424
(NO AUDIBLE DIALOGUE)
311
00:19:53,426 --> 00:19:54,625
(BELL RINGS)
312
00:19:54,627 --> 00:19:56,694
55,000 people came that night.
313
00:19:56,696 --> 00:19:59,597
You should have seen the people.
One layer.
314
00:19:59,599 --> 00:20:05,937
Two layers. 10,000 on each
layer. 15,000, 20,000 on some.
315
00:20:05,939 --> 00:20:07,572
Four layers and a fifth layer.
316
00:20:07,574 --> 00:20:09,540
People were looking
down on the ring.
317
00:20:09,542 --> 00:20:12,243
55,000 and Cleopatra
was at ringside.
318
00:20:12,245 --> 00:20:15,012
We don't believe it.
The fifth round came.
319
00:20:15,014 --> 00:20:17,014
(SCREAMS)
I hit him.
320
00:20:17,016 --> 00:20:19,750
Yeah, I said, "Come on,
sucker." (SCREAMS)
321
00:20:19,752 --> 00:20:23,087
And he said, "Break it up."
I said, "There he is."
322
00:20:23,089 --> 00:20:25,656
Let me see you close your mouth
and just keep it closed.
323
00:20:25,658 --> 00:20:28,092
- Well, you know that's impossible.
- No, no, now keep it closed.
324
00:20:28,094 --> 00:20:30,228
You know that's impossible.
I'm the greatest.
325
00:20:30,230 --> 00:20:31,996
And I'm knocking out all bums.
326
00:20:31,998 --> 00:20:36,133
And if you get too smart,
I'll knock you out.
327
00:20:39,938 --> 00:20:45,843
(ABDUL RAHMAN MUHAMMAD) Cassius Clay
was training for the Sonny Liston fight.
328
00:20:45,845 --> 00:20:48,012
For the heavyweight championship
329
00:20:48,014 --> 00:20:51,415
I wanted him to be a
registered Muslim.
330
00:20:51,550 --> 00:20:54,585
When you come into Islam,
we write a letter...
331
00:20:54,587 --> 00:20:56,520
saying we believe
in the teachings.
332
00:20:56,522 --> 00:20:59,056
And we put our slave
name in the letter.
333
00:20:59,058 --> 00:21:03,761
Those were the names the slave master
had when they owned our ancestors.
334
00:21:03,763 --> 00:21:06,931
So he wrote his letter and
sent if off to Chicago...
335
00:21:06,933 --> 00:21:11,202
and then they sent back
what we called "X."
336
00:21:11,204 --> 00:21:13,104
He became Cassius X.
337
00:21:13,106 --> 00:21:20,044
And then the promoters, they was trying
to get Ali to denounce the religion.
338
00:21:20,046 --> 00:21:21,212
And they told Ali,
339
00:21:21,214 --> 00:21:25,049
"You got to get rid of
them Muslim kooks...
340
00:21:25,051 --> 00:21:26,884
and Captain Sam"...
That's me...
341
00:21:26,886 --> 00:21:30,021
"and denounce that religion, otherwise
there ain't gonna be no fight."
342
00:21:30,023 --> 00:21:32,346
Well, Ali had been
training all his life for
343
00:21:32,359 --> 00:21:34,692
a fight for the
heavyweight championship.
344
00:21:34,694 --> 00:21:37,862
So that summer scare
a man to death.
345
00:21:38,930 --> 00:21:41,666
I said, "Man, don't
believe that."
346
00:21:41,668 --> 00:21:43,134
I said, "Money's the
white man's God."
347
00:21:43,136 --> 00:21:46,037
And I said, "You the only one who
can make any money for 'em."
348
00:21:46,039 --> 00:21:46,837
I said, "Hold to your belief."
349
00:21:46,839 --> 00:21:51,842
Ali was packing up his bus to leave
Miami, and they ran over there.
350
00:21:51,844 --> 00:21:53,611
"Uh, where you goin', Champ?"
351
00:21:53,613 --> 00:21:55,079
He said, "I'm fin to
go to Louisville."
352
00:21:55,081 --> 00:21:57,148
They said, "Wait a minute. The
fight's on. The fight's on."
353
00:21:57,150 --> 00:22:00,785
You just don't say you're a Muslim.
We ain't gonna say it neither."
354
00:22:00,787 --> 00:22:03,788
Ali said, "All right, I
won't talk about it."
355
00:22:03,790 --> 00:22:04,655
(CROWD CHEERING)
356
00:22:04,657 --> 00:22:11,529
Cassius Clay had no right to be
in a ring with Sonny Liston.
357
00:22:17,836 --> 00:22:22,640
He had never beaten
anybody of importance.
358
00:22:22,642 --> 00:22:23,207
He was untried.
359
00:22:23,209 --> 00:22:26,277
Jerry, I'm the greatest fighter
that ever stepped foot in the ring.
360
00:22:26,279 --> 00:22:30,748
But I'm getting ready to participate
in the biggest fight of all time.
361
00:22:30,750 --> 00:22:31,849
More money will be
lost that night.
362
00:22:31,851 --> 00:22:36,087
This will be the biggest upset
in the century of all boxing.
363
00:22:36,089 --> 00:22:37,888
I think you're a
big bag of wind.
364
00:22:37,890 --> 00:22:40,725
Now, just hear me out. Wait
a minute. Hold it a second.
365
00:22:40,727 --> 00:22:42,960
- I think that, one...
- Bodyguards.
366
00:22:42,962 --> 00:22:44,395
- Hold it.
- (AUDIENCE LAUGHING)
367
00:22:44,397 --> 00:22:47,365
I think that you're the damnedest
showman that ever lived,
368
00:22:47,367 --> 00:22:48,766
- and you ain't kidding
anybody. - People...
369
00:22:48,768 --> 00:22:52,103
Will you let me finish and shut
your mouth for one minute.
370
00:22:52,105 --> 00:22:53,204
(AUDIENCE LAUGHING)
371
00:22:53,206 --> 00:22:57,708
Cassius, Sonny Liston said that you should
be arrested for impersonating a fighter.
372
00:22:57,710 --> 00:23:01,712
He said you should be turned
over his knee and spanked.
373
00:23:02,280 --> 00:23:05,783
The odds were 7-to-1.
It's very big odds...
374
00:23:05,785 --> 00:23:08,018
for a heavyweight
championship fight.
375
00:23:08,020 --> 00:23:11,689
(ALI) I'm just ready to fight.
And I'm glad it'll be here...
376
00:23:11,691 --> 00:23:14,058
where all these bigmouth
people here in Miami...
377
00:23:14,060 --> 00:23:16,694
talking about I talk too much
and Liston's gonna whup me.
378
00:23:16,696 --> 00:23:20,698
Well, I want all of them to be there. And
I'm gonna shut up all of you's mouths.
379
00:23:20,700 --> 00:23:25,035
The challenger from
Louisville, Kentucky...
380
00:23:25,037 --> 00:23:27,037
Cassius Clay.
381
00:23:27,039 --> 00:23:30,975
- Clay. - Cassius Marcellus
Clay, 22 years of age.
382
00:23:30,977 --> 00:23:33,010
Going for all the marbles
in the boxing business.
383
00:23:33,012 --> 00:23:37,214
In my opinion, fights are always won
with fists and not with mouth talk.
384
00:23:37,216 --> 00:23:38,916
I pick Liston to win
by the fifth round.
385
00:23:38,918 --> 00:23:42,086
- (MAN) It has to be Liston. - (MAN
#2) Liston is a much bigger puncher.
386
00:23:42,088 --> 00:23:44,889
- (MAN #3) The fifth round.
- (WOMAN) Oh, I think in the third.
387
00:23:44,891 --> 00:23:48,492
I'm not quite sure that anything
human can hurt Sonny Liston.
388
00:23:48,494 --> 00:23:51,195
- (BELL RINGS)
- (CROWD CHEERING)
389
00:23:55,000 --> 00:23:59,670
(ANNOUNCER) Cassius Clay
on the move as we see.
390
00:24:00,639 --> 00:24:03,674
The right hand! The best
punch of the fight so far!
391
00:24:03,676 --> 00:24:06,710
(MALCOLM X) It was not a heavyweight
championship fight physically.
392
00:24:06,712 --> 00:24:07,411
There was more
to it than that.
393
00:24:07,413 --> 00:24:11,816
I looked at all of the historic things
that were taking place on this Earth,
394
00:24:11,818 --> 00:24:16,821
and to me, time itself
was on Cassius' side.
395
00:24:17,923 --> 00:24:23,060
- (CROWD CHEERING)
- Seconds remaining in the sixth.
396
00:24:23,062 --> 00:24:25,796
- (CROWD CHEERING)
- (BELL RINGS)
397
00:24:25,798 --> 00:24:28,332
The crowd now cheering
the challenger.
398
00:24:28,334 --> 00:24:31,769
What do you think is going on
in Sonny's mind at this point?
399
00:24:31,771 --> 00:24:33,571
(ANNOUNCER #2) Well, I think
Sonny's beginning to worry now.
400
00:24:33,573 --> 00:24:35,673
- At least his corner's beginning
to worry. - (BELL RINGS)
401
00:24:35,675 --> 00:24:41,178
(ANNOUNCER #1) They might be stopping it.
That might be all, ladies and gentlemen.
402
00:24:41,180 --> 00:24:44,081
It's a technical knockout.
403
00:24:47,052 --> 00:24:49,954
Okay, get Cassius Clay... Wait!
Whoa! Whoa! Whoa! Whoa!
404
00:24:49,956 --> 00:24:52,823
(MALE REPORTER) At the black
Muslims convention in Chicago,
405
00:24:52,825 --> 00:24:57,795
Elijah Muhammad came closer than anyone
so far in proclaiming Clay a member.
406
00:24:57,797 --> 00:25:00,297
Clay has hinted that he is
at least on the fringe.
407
00:25:00,299 --> 00:25:03,767
Elijah Muhammad all but
pushed him across.
408
00:25:03,769 --> 00:25:05,736
The enemy wanted him
409
00:25:05,738 --> 00:25:09,273
to come out all blasted.
410
00:25:09,975 --> 00:25:12,343
They had said the he would.
411
00:25:12,345 --> 00:25:15,412
Liston would tear up that
pretty face of yours.
412
00:25:15,414 --> 00:25:18,015
- (NO AUDIBLE DIALOGUE)
- (CROWD AFFIRMING)
413
00:25:19,084 --> 00:25:22,486
But Allah and myself
said, "No, no"
414
00:25:22,488 --> 00:25:24,889
(CHEERING)
415
00:25:25,490 --> 00:25:28,192
God's with me! Can't
nobody be against me!
416
00:25:28,194 --> 00:25:29,593
I shook up the world!
417
00:25:29,595 --> 00:25:32,496
I know God! I know
the real God!
418
00:25:32,498 --> 00:25:35,399
You must listen to me!
419
00:25:36,902 --> 00:25:39,270
You tell it, boy.
(CHUCKLES)
420
00:25:39,272 --> 00:25:43,340
(LIPSYTE) The morning
after, he was very subdued.
421
00:25:43,342 --> 00:25:46,076
I don't have to talk no more.
I done proved my point.
422
00:25:46,078 --> 00:25:50,047
All I have to do is just be a nice,
clean gentleman. That's all.
423
00:25:50,049 --> 00:25:51,382
(LAUGHING)
424
00:25:51,384 --> 00:25:52,349
(MAN)
Nice, clean gentleman.
425
00:25:52,351 --> 00:25:58,055
(LIPSYTE) At that moment, all
the older reporters walked away.
426
00:25:58,057 --> 00:25:59,924
And then one young
reporter said,
427
00:25:59,926 --> 00:26:04,562
"What about the rumor that
you're a card-carrying Muslim?"
428
00:26:04,564 --> 00:26:08,165
And he... What... You know,
what does that mean?
429
00:26:08,167 --> 00:26:10,134
I like everybody.
430
00:26:10,136 --> 00:26:11,936
I treat everybody right.
431
00:26:11,938 --> 00:26:12,603
"What about segregation?"
432
00:26:12,605 --> 00:26:15,061
Don't you want to be
part of the civil rights
433
00:26:15,074 --> 00:26:17,541
struggle? Integration?"
He said, "No."
434
00:26:17,543 --> 00:26:20,911
I don't have to be what
you want me to be.
435
00:26:21,079 --> 00:26:24,181
I'm free to be what I want to be
and think what I want to think.
436
00:26:24,183 --> 00:26:27,451
(LIPSYTE) That was kind of his
Declaration of Independence.
437
00:26:27,453 --> 00:26:31,288
This is complete freedom, not just a
cup of coffee or a seat in a school...
438
00:26:31,290 --> 00:26:34,058
or a token... This is real.
439
00:26:36,027 --> 00:26:41,031
The Honorable Elijah Muhammad say he was
too big of a man to carry that "X"...
440
00:26:41,033 --> 00:26:44,101
and named him Muhammad Ali.
441
00:26:44,369 --> 00:26:47,204
I remember the exact moment
we told my dad and mom.
442
00:26:47,206 --> 00:26:51,909
We said, "The Honorable Elijah
Muhammad gave us our name".
443
00:26:51,911 --> 00:26:53,277
They became very angry.
444
00:26:53,279 --> 00:26:55,045
They said, "What in the
world do you mean?"
445
00:26:55,047 --> 00:27:01,051
My brother said, "Dad, I'm Muhammad
Ali." You got to accept it.
446
00:27:01,053 --> 00:27:01,919
(MAN)
What does it mean?
447
00:27:01,921 --> 00:27:07,124
"Muhammad" means "worthy of all
praises" and "Ali" means "most high."
448
00:27:08,026 --> 00:27:12,262
(LIPSYTE) At theNew York
Times, the top editor felt...
449
00:27:12,264 --> 00:27:13,330
we met you as Cassius Clay.
450
00:27:13,332 --> 00:27:19,403
Until you go into a court of law and
change your name, you are Cassius Clay.
451
00:27:19,405 --> 00:27:21,105
And it really kind
of bothered me.
452
00:27:21,107 --> 00:27:24,875
Nobody asked John Wayne or Rock
Hudson what their names were.
453
00:27:24,877 --> 00:27:27,444
But I tried to slip
it in when I could.
454
00:27:27,446 --> 00:27:33,217
I usually ended up writing "Muhammad
Ali, a.k.a. Cassius Clay."
455
00:27:33,219 --> 00:27:36,353
His change of name,
what did it threaten?
456
00:27:36,355 --> 00:27:40,357
If he was white, they would be referring
to him as the All-American boy.
457
00:27:40,359 --> 00:27:42,526
(MUWAKKIL) It was an
affront to many Americans...
458
00:27:42,528 --> 00:27:44,428
that the heavyweight
champion of the world...
459
00:27:44,430 --> 00:27:47,898
would reject American identity
and all of that entails...
460
00:27:47,900 --> 00:27:52,102
for something as obscure and
cultish as the Nation of Islam.
461
00:27:52,104 --> 00:27:55,039
- (MAN) Cassius, you're...
- I'm not Cassius. You still calling me...
462
00:27:55,041 --> 00:27:58,509
- Or Muhammad, you're talking...
- I'm not no white man.
463
00:27:58,511 --> 00:28:02,046
So you want to keep calling me a
white man's name. I'm not white.
464
00:28:02,048 --> 00:28:04,682
I don't want to be called
after your name no more.
465
00:28:04,684 --> 00:28:08,285
I'm not no slave.
I'm Muhammad Ali.
466
00:28:12,786 --> 00:28:15,626
(KHALILAH) I was
working in the bakery...
467
00:28:15,628 --> 00:28:19,296
and he would go in
and he would say,
468
00:28:19,298 --> 00:28:23,600
"I know your name.
I know your name."
469
00:28:25,570 --> 00:28:28,972
And I'd say, "Well,
whoop-de-do." I says that.
470
00:28:28,974 --> 00:28:35,512
He says, "And I got a name of culture
now. My name is Muhammad Ali."
471
00:28:38,450 --> 00:28:39,983
(CROWD CHEERING)
472
00:28:39,985 --> 00:28:43,153
Now that he gave me the beautiful
name of Muhammad Ali...
473
00:28:43,155 --> 00:28:45,989
and took away that slave
name of Cassius Clay,
474
00:28:45,991 --> 00:28:47,624
now I can go all over the world.
475
00:28:47,626 --> 00:28:51,662
- All over the world!
- (CROWD CHEERING, APPLAUDING)
476
00:28:52,263 --> 00:28:56,934
Muslims all over the world who
never followed boxing said,
477
00:28:56,936 --> 00:28:58,402
"Ooh! Look."
478
00:28:58,404 --> 00:29:05,042
There's a Muslim in America
named Muhammad Ali.
479
00:29:05,044 --> 00:29:10,214
Those are big, big names
in the Islamic world.
480
00:29:10,715 --> 00:29:15,052
His international
appeal, it was vast.
481
00:29:15,054 --> 00:29:15,519
Welcome.
482
00:29:15,521 --> 00:29:18,522
The young people of Ghana
want to welcome you.
483
00:29:18,524 --> 00:29:21,625
(ALI) Ghana, Nigeria,
Pakistan and Turkey,
484
00:29:21,627 --> 00:29:25,062
they call me their
champion too.
485
00:29:25,518 --> 00:29:28,398
I was surprised. The whole
world was watching it.
486
00:29:28,400 --> 00:29:31,001
- (MAN) They sure were.
- Yeah.
487
00:29:43,110 --> 00:29:46,150
(MAN) What kind of impression
do you try to leave...
488
00:29:46,152 --> 00:29:47,684
on the nations you
visit over there?
489
00:29:47,686 --> 00:29:53,090
(MUHAMMAD ALI) Well, uh,
just as a clean-living Muslim.
490
00:29:53,092 --> 00:29:57,227
Letting them know they have hundreds and
thousands of brothers here in America.
491
00:29:57,229 --> 00:29:59,797
All of these are Muslim
countries that I've been to.
492
00:29:59,799 --> 00:30:01,698
He's in a better position
than anyone else...
493
00:30:01,700 --> 00:30:06,336
to restore the racial pride to not
only our people in this country,
494
00:30:06,338 --> 00:30:07,571
but all over the world.
495
00:30:07,573 --> 00:30:11,241
- (APPLAUDING)
- As-salaam alaikum.
496
00:30:11,243 --> 00:30:14,244
(ALI) I've been all over into
the deepest parts of Africa...
497
00:30:14,246 --> 00:30:20,150
and Egypt, and everybody knows and are
talking about the Muslims in America.
498
00:30:20,152 --> 00:30:22,686
- Everybody.
- (APPLAUDING)
499
00:30:23,121 --> 00:30:27,658
And if it was not for the teachings
of the Honorable Elijah Muhammad...
500
00:30:27,660 --> 00:30:30,093
not bragging, but a
man in my position...
501
00:30:30,095 --> 00:30:33,230
that would be the last place I
would go is Africa and Egypt.
502
00:30:33,232 --> 00:30:38,569
The first stop would have been Paris,
London, France, like the rest of them.
503
00:30:38,571 --> 00:30:41,538
(CHEERING, APPLAUDING)
504
00:30:46,644 --> 00:30:51,348
(DAVIDSON) He hired Elijah
Muhammad's son to be his "manager."
505
00:30:51,350 --> 00:30:54,240
But it was very clear that
he didn't really mean
506
00:30:54,253 --> 00:30:57,154
manager like the Louisville
Sponsoring Group.
507
00:30:57,156 --> 00:30:58,755
How many managers do you have?
508
00:30:58,757 --> 00:31:03,093
Oh, I have 11 backers. I
don't... I have one manager.
509
00:31:03,095 --> 00:31:04,194
(DAVIDSON)
They flattered him.
510
00:31:04,196 --> 00:31:10,200
They treated him as a very important
person, which, of course, he was.
511
00:31:10,202 --> 00:31:12,336
They made him a hero.
512
00:31:12,338 --> 00:31:13,570
He didn't live in
Louisville anymore.
513
00:31:13,572 --> 00:31:18,475
But he was never introduced as anything
except from Louisville, Kentucky.
514
00:31:18,477 --> 00:31:23,347
To a boxer, that's not a small
thing, how you're announced.
515
00:31:23,349 --> 00:31:29,086
Ali kept his word on every
fight that we made for him.
516
00:31:29,088 --> 00:31:35,926
And he never argued about black
or white problems with us.
517
00:31:35,928 --> 00:31:38,161
I think Ali probably
told the Muslims
518
00:31:38,163 --> 00:31:42,065
don't mess with the
Louisville Sponsoring Group.
519
00:31:42,067 --> 00:31:44,434
Leave them alone.
520
00:31:45,403 --> 00:31:49,806
I understand that you're headed
to meet with Elijah Muhammad.
521
00:31:49,808 --> 00:31:52,609
- Yes, Sir. Having dinner
with him. - Uh-huh.
522
00:31:52,611 --> 00:31:55,846
One of the main reasons is your
friendship with Malcolm X.
523
00:31:55,848 --> 00:31:59,483
- He's a friend of yours now, isn't
he? - Yeah. He is a brother of mine.
524
00:31:59,485 --> 00:32:02,519
- He's my brother. Whatever he
do, he's my brother. - Uh-huh.
525
00:32:02,521 --> 00:32:03,620
Now that he's split
away from the...
526
00:32:03,622 --> 00:32:07,758
I don't know about splitting. I'll have
to see the higher authority on that.
527
00:32:07,760 --> 00:32:09,793
(MAN) There's been great
publicity given to the fact...
528
00:32:09,795 --> 00:32:13,330
that heavyweight champion Cassius
Clay is one of your followers.
529
00:32:13,332 --> 00:32:15,632
Well, Cassius is following
Elijah Muhammad.
530
00:32:15,634 --> 00:32:21,838
And, uh, I'm no longer a follower
of Elijah Muhammad myself.
531
00:32:21,840 --> 00:32:23,907
And I think that the
black Muslim movement,
532
00:32:23,909 --> 00:32:27,711
if it doesn't adopt the
Sunni practice of Islam,
533
00:32:27,713 --> 00:32:30,614
that it will disintegrate
and fall apart.
534
00:32:30,616 --> 00:32:33,517
There's no organization
in this country...
535
00:32:33,519 --> 00:32:36,954
that could do more for the
struggling black man...
536
00:32:36,956 --> 00:32:40,757
than the black Muslim
movement if it wanted to.
537
00:32:40,759 --> 00:32:43,560
But it has gotten into
the possession...
538
00:32:43,562 --> 00:32:45,429
of a man who's become senile,
539
00:32:45,431 --> 00:32:48,732
and then he has surrounded
himself by his children...
540
00:32:48,734 --> 00:32:52,369
who are now in power and
want nothing but luxury...
541
00:32:52,371 --> 00:32:55,472
and will do anything to
safeguard their own interests.
542
00:32:55,474 --> 00:33:02,713
People like myself and Ali, we
were in the valley of decision.
543
00:33:02,715 --> 00:33:06,717
Should I follow a man
that taught me...
544
00:33:06,719 --> 00:33:11,788
or should I follow the teacher
of the man who taught me?
545
00:33:11,790 --> 00:33:14,691
Elijah Muhammad called
all of his officials...
546
00:33:14,693 --> 00:33:17,594
national officials to
Chicago in October...
547
00:33:17,596 --> 00:33:23,367
and ordered them to kill or
maim any of his followers...
548
00:33:23,369 --> 00:33:25,736
who leave him to follow me.
549
00:33:25,738 --> 00:33:28,005
Does this split disturb
you that's been reported?
550
00:33:28,007 --> 00:33:32,175
No. What Malcolm X does is
his business. He's one man.
551
00:33:32,343 --> 00:33:37,881
(MUWAKKIL) Muhammad Ali chose to go
with the establishment, so to speak.
552
00:33:37,883 --> 00:33:42,819
(MAN) Elijah Muhammad has given
his blessing to a new recruiter...
553
00:33:42,821 --> 00:33:45,355
Cassius Muhammad Ali Clay.
554
00:33:45,357 --> 00:33:48,592
(ALL)
We are the greatest!
555
00:33:48,594 --> 00:33:50,494
(MAN)
Clay is no Malcolm X,
556
00:33:50,496 --> 00:33:54,531
but he has become an
idol for youngsters.
557
00:33:54,699 --> 00:33:57,300
(MUWAKKIL) A lot of Malcolmites
who were following Malcolm...
558
00:33:57,302 --> 00:34:00,604
were really not equally attracted
to the Nation of Islam.
559
00:34:00,606 --> 00:34:04,307
They were attracted to Malcolm's
audacity, his eloquence...
560
00:34:04,309 --> 00:34:06,532
and his vision,
which, in some ways,
561
00:34:06,545 --> 00:34:08,779
elaborated the vision
of the Nation of Islam.
562
00:34:08,781 --> 00:34:13,850
I pray that God will bless you
in everything that you do.
563
00:34:14,352 --> 00:34:17,888
I pray that you will
grow intellectually...
564
00:34:17,890 --> 00:34:20,690
so that you can understand
the problems of the world...
565
00:34:20,692 --> 00:34:24,928
and where you fit into
in that world picture.
566
00:34:32,804 --> 00:34:34,071
(SIREN WAILING)
567
00:34:34,073 --> 00:34:36,940
(MAN) He's a hero to me. He
stood out among all black people.
568
00:34:36,942 --> 00:34:38,442
He showed the white
man where it was at.
569
00:34:38,444 --> 00:34:40,710
(MAN) Who do you believe is
responsible for Malcolm X's death?
570
00:34:40,712 --> 00:34:41,912
The white power structure
is America is behind it.
571
00:34:41,914 --> 00:34:46,950
And they're quick to capitalize on it by
saying that one of his own kind did it.
572
00:34:46,952 --> 00:34:49,586
But they put it up to be done.
573
00:34:54,725 --> 00:34:59,863
Now, I give him credit for the good work he
done when he was with the Nation of Islam.
574
00:34:59,865 --> 00:35:02,365
We didn't have nobody better.
575
00:35:02,934 --> 00:35:06,203
But Elijah Muhammad made him.
576
00:35:06,457 --> 00:35:07,737
When Malcolm was a good man...
577
00:35:07,739 --> 00:35:10,740
preaching the teachings of the
Honorable Elijah Muhammad,
578
00:35:10,742 --> 00:35:13,477
I would have gave
my life for him.
579
00:35:13,479 --> 00:35:15,579
But when he turned
viciously...
580
00:35:15,581 --> 00:35:17,747
against the Honorable
Elijah Muhammad,
581
00:35:17,749 --> 00:35:21,618
if I could have got ahold of him,
I might have killed him myself.
582
00:35:21,620 --> 00:35:23,553
But we didn't kill him.
'Cause you know why?
583
00:35:23,555 --> 00:35:25,989
Because we took orders from the
Honorable Elijah Muhammad.
584
00:35:25,991 --> 00:35:28,758
He told us not to touch him.
Let him just go.
585
00:35:28,760 --> 00:35:33,029
Malcolm is the victim
of his own preaching.
586
00:35:33,031 --> 00:35:35,765
He preached violence, and so
he become the victim of it.
587
00:35:35,767 --> 00:35:39,636
(RAHAMAN) So many things have
been said wrong about Malcolm X.
588
00:35:39,638 --> 00:35:44,474
Malcolm X was a
very nice person.
589
00:35:44,542 --> 00:35:48,812
The Bible says "He without
sin cast the first Stone."
590
00:35:48,814 --> 00:35:50,580
That's a strong statement.
591
00:35:50,582 --> 00:35:52,682
(SIRENS WAILING)
592
00:35:52,684 --> 00:35:53,950
(RADIO DISPATCHER,
INDISTINCT)
593
00:35:53,952 --> 00:35:56,686
(LIPSYTE) The night that
Malcolm X was killed,
594
00:35:56,688 --> 00:36:01,391
there was a fire in
Ali's apartment.
595
00:36:02,026 --> 00:36:05,829
The implication was
that it was arson.
596
00:36:06,464 --> 00:36:09,666
That it was some
sort of revenge.
597
00:36:09,668 --> 00:36:10,934
Uh, I don't know.
598
00:36:10,936 --> 00:36:16,940
I think there's no question that Ali
had to have been scared himself.
599
00:36:16,942 --> 00:36:18,909
Malcolm, in many ways,
600
00:36:18,911 --> 00:36:23,146
was a more important political
figure than Muhammad Ali.
601
00:36:23,148 --> 00:36:29,553
I mean, if you could waste him,
you could certainly waste Ali.
602
00:36:29,555 --> 00:36:31,888
He was still just a boxer.
603
00:36:31,890 --> 00:36:37,127
I feel for his life because the
condition the world is in today.
604
00:36:37,129 --> 00:36:40,163
And, uh, you never know
what's going to happen...
605
00:36:40,165 --> 00:36:42,165
when you're in public
life like he is.
606
00:36:42,167 --> 00:36:47,137
And I'm much concerned about the
fire that started in his apartment.
607
00:36:47,139 --> 00:36:50,907
And I do wish that he would
withdraw from this movement...
608
00:36:50,909 --> 00:36:54,010
because I am awful
worried about him.
609
00:36:54,012 --> 00:36:56,046
We raised him to
be a Christian...
610
00:36:56,048 --> 00:36:59,883
and took him to church every
Sunday when he was small...
611
00:36:59,885 --> 00:37:04,187
on up till he got out, you
know, in the world on his own.
612
00:37:04,189 --> 00:37:08,225
And then he got in this organization
which we do not approve of at all.
613
00:37:08,227 --> 00:37:11,661
(MAN) Your mother was quoted
yesterday in Louisville as saying...
614
00:37:11,663 --> 00:37:13,096
that she felt you ought to
leave the Muslim movement.
615
00:37:13,098 --> 00:37:16,499
- How do you feel about... - It's natural
for a mother to be worried about her son...
616
00:37:16,501 --> 00:37:20,537
with the press writing all of these
things about somebody's life's in danger.
617
00:37:20,539 --> 00:37:21,871
You know how the press
can blow things up...
618
00:37:21,873 --> 00:37:25,275
and make it look like we in a
war with some black people.
619
00:37:25,277 --> 00:37:27,744
We not at war with nobody.
620
00:37:27,812 --> 00:37:30,513
(ALI) And I'm walking the
streets daily by myself.
621
00:37:30,515 --> 00:37:34,217
And, uh, if anybody want
me, they can find me.
622
00:37:34,219 --> 00:37:38,121
Malcolm X and anybody
else who attacks, uh...
623
00:37:38,123 --> 00:37:41,258
talks about attacking
Elijah Muhammad will die.
624
00:37:41,260 --> 00:37:48,265
No man can oppose the message of Almighty
God, uh, verbally or physically...
625
00:37:48,267 --> 00:37:50,700
and get away with it.
626
00:37:58,709 --> 00:38:05,282
Floyd Patterson didn't think that there
should be a Muslim heavyweight champion.
627
00:38:05,284 --> 00:38:10,020
Refused to call Ali
by his new name.
628
00:38:10,022 --> 00:38:12,922
(PATTERSON) Cassius Clay
doesn't fully understand...
629
00:38:12,924 --> 00:38:16,126
what the black
Muslim stands for.
630
00:38:16,994 --> 00:38:19,029
It's like the Ku Klux Klan.
631
00:38:19,031 --> 00:38:23,566
I think that hurts the
championship quite a bit.
632
00:38:25,965 --> 00:38:29,005
(ALI) Oh, I'm gonna have
to give him a good whipping.
633
00:38:29,007 --> 00:38:35,712
And I have entitled it "A Floyd
Patterson Humiliation Punishment."
634
00:38:42,053 --> 00:38:44,587
- (BELL RINGS)
- (CHEERING)
635
00:38:44,689 --> 00:38:47,190
(MUWAKKIL) Floyd was kind
of a hero to us at one point.
636
00:38:47,192 --> 00:38:50,960
You know, a black heavyweight champion is
always a big hit in the black community.
637
00:38:50,962 --> 00:38:54,964
But when he came up
against Muhammad Ali,
638
00:38:54,966 --> 00:38:57,267
he was fighting the
fight of America...
639
00:38:57,269 --> 00:39:00,737
doing the job of slaying
the militant Negro.
640
00:39:00,739 --> 00:39:02,906
(LIPSYTE) I was at the
Floyd Patterson fight.
641
00:39:02,908 --> 00:39:07,177
The man was bent over like
somebody with osteoporosis.
642
00:39:07,179 --> 00:39:12,649
He couldn't really defend himself.
The fight should have been stopped.
643
00:39:12,651 --> 00:39:16,720
One or two good combinations
and he'd be gone.
644
00:39:16,722 --> 00:39:22,058
I think he carried Floyd Patterson just
so that he could inflict the punishment.
645
00:39:22,060 --> 00:39:26,763
(ANNOUNCER) The champion
continues to be on target.
646
00:39:27,498 --> 00:39:29,733
(LIPSYTE)
It was disgusting.
647
00:39:29,735 --> 00:39:33,169
(MUWAKKIL) Muhammad Ali had
prolonged the punishment...
648
00:39:33,171 --> 00:39:36,172
to make sure Patterson
understood his offense.
649
00:39:36,174 --> 00:39:39,809
It perfectly harmonized with our
feelings about Floyd Patterson.
650
00:39:39,811 --> 00:39:43,113
So Muhammad Ali became
even more heroic.
651
00:39:43,115 --> 00:39:44,814
(CROWD CHEERING)
652
00:39:44,816 --> 00:39:48,351
It was a truly terrible
moment in boxing,
653
00:39:48,353 --> 00:39:51,988
as was the way he took
apart Ernie Terrell.
654
00:39:51,990 --> 00:39:53,289
I don't usually
make predictions,
655
00:39:53,291 --> 00:39:56,860
but I see Clay with
such limited ability...
656
00:39:56,862 --> 00:39:58,395
that I'm predicting that
I will knock him out.
657
00:39:58,397 --> 00:40:01,220
My name is Muhammad Ali,
and you will announce
658
00:40:01,233 --> 00:40:04,067
it right there in the
center of that ring...
659
00:40:04,069 --> 00:40:06,169
after the fight if
you don't do it now.
660
00:40:06,171 --> 00:40:10,173
You are acting just
like an old Uncle Tom.
661
00:40:10,175 --> 00:40:13,343
(LIPSYTE) In this age of
beatification of Muhammad Ali,
662
00:40:13,345 --> 00:40:17,280
we forget just how great
a fighter he was.
663
00:40:17,282 --> 00:40:20,606
And I don't think it's
possible to be a great
664
00:40:20,619 --> 00:40:23,953
fighter unless you
have a mean streak.
665
00:40:23,955 --> 00:40:24,888
He had it.
666
00:40:24,890 --> 00:40:28,291
(ANNOUNCER) Ali continues
to scream at Terrell.
667
00:40:28,293 --> 00:40:30,326
(FARRAKHAN)
He beat the hell out of those
668
00:40:30,328 --> 00:40:32,762
who didn't want
to use his name.
669
00:40:32,764 --> 00:40:37,400
"My name is Muhammad Ali.
What's my name?" Bam, Bam, Bam.
670
00:40:37,402 --> 00:40:38,468
(CHUCKLES)
671
00:40:38,470 --> 00:40:42,071
- (BELL RINGS)
- (ANNOUNCER) And that's the bell.
672
00:40:42,073 --> 00:40:43,907
Ali continues his taunts.
673
00:40:43,909 --> 00:40:47,243
Ali was exemplifying
a freedom...
674
00:40:47,245 --> 00:40:50,880
that most black
people did not enjoy.
675
00:40:50,882 --> 00:40:53,349
(CROWD JEERING)
676
00:40:53,351 --> 00:40:59,422
(FARRAKHAN) So that made him
loved by some and hated by others.
677
00:40:59,424 --> 00:41:03,359
There's a rule in boxing. They say
this fella has a killer instinct...
678
00:41:03,361 --> 00:41:04,961
or he don't have a
killer instinct.
679
00:41:04,963 --> 00:41:10,066
But I call it aggressive...
aggressive instinct.
680
00:41:10,068 --> 00:41:12,168
Uh, we're not out
to kill nobody.
681
00:41:12,170 --> 00:41:19,542
I don't know if my conscience would
let me live if I even killed someone.
682
00:41:26,951 --> 00:41:30,220
This is really war.
683
00:41:30,287 --> 00:41:32,922
It is guided by North Vietnam.
684
00:41:32,924 --> 00:41:37,894
Its goal is to defeat
American power.
685
00:41:40,164 --> 00:41:42,899
(LIPSYTE)
Muhammad Ali gets a phone call.
686
00:41:42,901 --> 00:41:46,870
And he runs in,
answers the phone,
687
00:41:46,872 --> 00:41:49,472
comes back and he is wild.
688
00:41:49,474 --> 00:41:56,179
And he tells me that he had
just been reclassified 1-A.
689
00:41:56,435 --> 00:41:59,315
(ALI) And another thing
I don't understand...
690
00:41:59,317 --> 00:42:05,722
is why me, a man who pays the salary
of at least 50,000 men in Vietnam,
691
00:42:05,724 --> 00:42:10,894
a man who the government takes six million
dollars from a year out in two fights,
692
00:42:10,896 --> 00:42:16,266
a man who can pay, in two fights,
for three bomber planes,
693
00:42:16,268 --> 00:42:19,536
why would you take and
seek out and be anxious...
694
00:42:19,538 --> 00:42:22,872
to call me out of 30 men
who you could have called?
695
00:42:22,874 --> 00:42:24,507
And I'm fighting for the
government every day.
696
00:42:24,509 --> 00:42:26,498
In other words, you think
they called you only
697
00:42:26,511 --> 00:42:28,511
because you're the
heavyweight champion...
698
00:42:28,513 --> 00:42:32,248
And a Muslim too. Ever since
I've joined the Muslim religion,
699
00:42:32,250 --> 00:42:33,449
I've been catching
hell from here...
700
00:42:33,451 --> 00:42:36,853
(LIPSYTE) Somebody said,
"So, you could be drafted..."
701
00:42:36,855 --> 00:42:40,790
and you're gonna go in the army
and you're gonna go to Vietnam...
702
00:42:40,792 --> 00:42:42,458
and you're gonna be
on the front lines...
703
00:42:42,460 --> 00:42:44,093
and you're gonna have
to kill Vietcong.
704
00:42:44,095 --> 00:42:46,162
"I mean, how do you feel
about all of this?"
705
00:42:46,164 --> 00:42:50,433
And he said, "I ain't got
nothing against them Vietcong."
706
00:42:50,534 --> 00:42:57,373
I mean, that... that was carved
in the Stone facade of history.
707
00:42:57,375 --> 00:42:59,309
And then later on,
708
00:42:59,311 --> 00:43:00,410
it was embellished...
709
00:43:00,412 --> 00:43:03,479
"I ain't got no quarrel
with them Vietcong."
710
00:43:03,481 --> 00:43:07,083
"No Vietcong ever
called me nigger."
711
00:43:07,217 --> 00:43:11,588
I'm asking you if you apologize for the
unpatriotic remarks that you made.
712
00:43:11,590 --> 00:43:14,624
I'm not apologizing for nothing
like that because I don't have to.
713
00:43:14,626 --> 00:43:19,529
I'm just apologizing for what I said
to the newspapers and to the press.
714
00:43:19,531 --> 00:43:22,432
- Mr. Clay...
- Muhammad Ali, Sir.
715
00:43:22,434 --> 00:43:24,233
- Mr. Clay...
- Muhammad Ali, Sir.
716
00:43:24,235 --> 00:43:27,971
- Or Mr. Muhammad Ali, either one.
- Yes, Sir. Just Muhammad Ali.
717
00:43:27,973 --> 00:43:31,040
When you appeared before
this commission before,
718
00:43:31,042 --> 00:43:32,208
if I recall correctly,
719
00:43:32,210 --> 00:43:35,878
- you said you were the
people's champion? - Yes, Sir.
720
00:43:35,880 --> 00:43:39,849
Do you think that you're acting
like a people's champion?
721
00:43:39,851 --> 00:43:42,051
Yes, Sir.
722
00:43:46,457 --> 00:43:52,095
Members of the group went to various
reserve units, uh, in the community...
723
00:43:52,097 --> 00:43:58,001
to see whether or not they would
take him in in the National Guard...
724
00:43:58,003 --> 00:44:01,337
or the Navy Reserve
or whatever.
725
00:44:01,339 --> 00:44:02,905
They all said they would.
726
00:44:02,907 --> 00:44:07,043
We felt that he would
be a Joe Louis.
727
00:44:07,645 --> 00:44:10,113
Joe Louis served and
never carried a gun.
728
00:44:10,115 --> 00:44:12,448
But he boxed, wore
the uniform...
729
00:44:12,450 --> 00:44:15,985
and did a fine service
to his country.
730
00:44:20,257 --> 00:44:23,292
(KHALIHAH) I got a
call and Ali said,
731
00:44:23,294 --> 00:44:28,231
"If I went to war, I would probably be in
one of them boxing things like Joe Louis.
732
00:44:28,233 --> 00:44:30,400
I wouldn't be really
fighting in the war."
733
00:44:30,402 --> 00:44:32,235
I says, "That's
not the point."
734
00:44:32,237 --> 00:44:38,107
You have to understand that once
you sign your name to that army,
735
00:44:38,109 --> 00:44:42,645
then you are their
slave forever.
736
00:44:42,647 --> 00:44:44,080
Okay?
737
00:44:44,082 --> 00:44:47,150
So just say hell no,
you ain't gonna go.
738
00:44:47,152 --> 00:44:50,119
Rhyme it. Do what you do best.
739
00:44:50,121 --> 00:44:54,357
Those people over there in
Vietnam did not lynch you,
740
00:44:54,359 --> 00:44:57,226
did not break up your family.
741
00:44:57,228 --> 00:45:01,030
Those Vietnamese people
are your brothers.
742
00:45:01,032 --> 00:45:04,033
This was a wrongful war.
743
00:45:04,035 --> 00:45:06,602
War is wrong. Period.
744
00:45:11,241 --> 00:45:14,977
"War is made from the devil."
745
00:45:21,285 --> 00:45:25,321
I was sitting in my office in
Louisville and the phone rang...
746
00:45:25,323 --> 00:45:26,255
and it was Angelo Dundee.
747
00:45:26,257 --> 00:45:32,528
And he said the champ is gonna announce
he's gonna be a conscientious objector,
748
00:45:32,530 --> 00:45:36,065
and he's not gonna take
that step forward.
749
00:45:37,000 --> 00:45:39,068
And I said, "Oh."
(CHUCKLES)
750
00:45:39,070 --> 00:45:42,472
I said, uh, "I'll
be right up there."
751
00:45:44,975 --> 00:45:50,113
The conscientious objector
thing was a complete shock.
752
00:45:52,616 --> 00:45:55,318
A conscientious objector,
as a matter of law,
753
00:45:55,320 --> 00:46:02,625
was that if you believed that you should
not kill somebody or carry a weapon...
754
00:46:02,627 --> 00:46:07,663
or participate in an activity
which would result in death,
755
00:46:07,665 --> 00:46:11,234
that you did not
have to serve.
756
00:46:11,236 --> 00:46:13,569
I personally told him...
757
00:46:13,571 --> 00:46:18,374
that this was gonna cost
him millions of dollars.
758
00:46:18,376 --> 00:46:20,476
And then I went over,
chapter and verse,
759
00:46:20,478 --> 00:46:24,180
the contracts that were on
my desk to be signed...
760
00:46:24,182 --> 00:46:28,084
would not be offered
to him again.
761
00:46:28,185 --> 00:46:31,154
(ABDUL RAHMAN MUHAMMAD) If he
had not become Muhammad Ali,
762
00:46:31,156 --> 00:46:32,455
he'd have been Cassius Clay,
763
00:46:32,457 --> 00:46:34,557
and he would have
went into that army.
764
00:46:34,559 --> 00:46:36,125
'Cause he asked
me straight up.
765
00:46:36,127 --> 00:46:39,195
He said, "What would you do
if you was in my shoes?"
766
00:46:39,197 --> 00:46:40,630
I said, "I'd do what
Elijah Muhammad done."
767
00:46:40,632 --> 00:46:43,666
He said, "What would he did?"
I said, "He went to jail."
768
00:46:43,668 --> 00:46:48,404
(FARRAKHAN) Elijah Muhammad
went to prison for five years.
769
00:46:48,406 --> 00:46:52,074
For sedition and
draft dodging,
770
00:46:52,076 --> 00:46:54,110
they called it.
771
00:46:54,112 --> 00:46:57,213
He set the standard.
772
00:46:57,415 --> 00:46:59,415
(DAVIDSON)
The contract with the.
773
00:46:59,417 --> 00:47:02,451
Louisville Sponsoring
Group was expiring.
774
00:47:02,453 --> 00:47:04,754
The group... they
were disappointed,
775
00:47:04,756 --> 00:47:08,224
and one or two didn't want
to be affiliated with...
776
00:47:08,226 --> 00:47:13,262
It was more of the draft business
than it was the Muslim business.
777
00:47:13,264 --> 00:47:15,731
Although that was part of it.
778
00:47:15,733 --> 00:47:20,736
He called all members to say
thanks and shake hands,
779
00:47:20,738 --> 00:47:24,607
and au revoir.
(CHUCKLES)
780
00:47:33,450 --> 00:47:37,687
(ALI) And I will say here
boldly now on television...
781
00:47:37,689 --> 00:47:38,688
no.
782
00:47:38,690 --> 00:47:43,159
I will not go 10,000
miles from here...
783
00:47:43,161 --> 00:47:48,197
to help murder and kill
another poor people...
784
00:47:48,199 --> 00:47:52,468
simply to continue
the domination...
785
00:47:52,470 --> 00:47:59,242
of white slave masters over the
darker people of the Earth.
786
00:47:59,409 --> 00:48:03,179
(FARRAKHAN) You fight when you
have something to fight for.
787
00:48:03,181 --> 00:48:04,413
But what are we fighting for?
788
00:48:04,415 --> 00:48:09,418
To tell me that I'm
fighting for America...
789
00:48:09,420 --> 00:48:11,821
and her way of life.
790
00:48:11,823 --> 00:48:14,957
What is her way of life?
791
00:48:15,492 --> 00:48:17,827
To come back home
to injustice...
792
00:48:17,829 --> 00:48:21,564
with all these
medals on our chest?
793
00:48:21,566 --> 00:48:22,431
Hell, no.
794
00:48:22,433 --> 00:48:25,902
Mr. Muhammad Ali has just
refused to be inducted...
795
00:48:25,904 --> 00:48:27,737
into the United
States Armed Forces.
796
00:48:27,739 --> 00:48:32,441
Notification of his refusal is being
made to the United States Attorney...
797
00:48:32,443 --> 00:48:34,477
and the local Selective
Service Board...
798
00:48:34,479 --> 00:48:36,412
for whatever action
deem to be appropriate.
799
00:48:36,414 --> 00:48:39,388
(MAN) And so it is all
over for the heavyweight
800
00:48:39,401 --> 00:48:42,385
champion of the
world, Muhammad Ali.
801
00:48:42,387 --> 00:48:44,887
What happens now to his title?
802
00:48:44,889 --> 00:48:46,522
He will doubtless be
stripped of it...
803
00:48:46,524 --> 00:48:49,292
by every state boxing
commission in this country...
804
00:48:49,294 --> 00:48:50,927
and by the World
Boxing Association.
805
00:48:50,929 --> 00:48:53,496
All type of moves have
been made against me...
806
00:48:53,498 --> 00:48:55,898
that's never been made before
in the history of boxing.
807
00:48:55,900 --> 00:49:00,503
Regardless of the ultimate
disposition of his case legally,
808
00:49:00,505 --> 00:49:04,173
he will no longer
be the champion.
809
00:49:09,313 --> 00:49:14,884
Well, now that they've taken Cassius Clay's
title away, do you think they should have?
810
00:49:14,886 --> 00:49:17,687
Well, I don't know. I
think they should, yes.
811
00:49:17,689 --> 00:49:20,623
I think that any man who don't
wanna fight for his country,
812
00:49:20,625 --> 00:49:23,526
I don't think he should have
the honor of being champion.
813
00:49:23,528 --> 00:49:24,293
The tragedy to me is...
814
00:49:24,295 --> 00:49:29,532
that Cassius has made millions of
dollars off of the American public.
815
00:49:29,534 --> 00:49:33,502
And now he's not willing
to show his appreciation.
816
00:49:33,504 --> 00:49:35,071
Hurts the morale of a lot of
817
00:49:35,073 --> 00:49:37,473
young Negro soldiers
over in Vietnam.
818
00:49:37,475 --> 00:49:38,841
(MAN) You won't fight
for your country?
819
00:49:38,843 --> 00:49:41,610
- You refuse to go into the...
- I'm a minister. My religion.
820
00:49:41,612 --> 00:49:42,845
This country has
laws for ministers.
821
00:49:42,847 --> 00:49:44,747
- Are you an ordained minister?
- By my leader.
822
00:49:44,749 --> 00:49:49,885
The Honorable Elijah Muhammad. Almighty
God Allah fights battles for us.
823
00:49:49,887 --> 00:49:52,822
We are forbidden to carry
anything like a weapon.
824
00:49:52,824 --> 00:49:54,690
We are peaceful people.
825
00:49:54,692 --> 00:49:56,459
(MAN) Do you think
there's anything wrong...
826
00:49:56,461 --> 00:50:00,896
in someone like Cassius Clay,
Muhammad Ali, in refusing induction?
827
00:50:00,898 --> 00:50:01,898
Yes, Sir, I certainly do.
828
00:50:01,899 --> 00:50:04,000
- Why? - 'Cause he's no
better than the rest of us.
829
00:50:04,002 --> 00:50:06,302
I got a wife and three kids
I'd like to stay here with,
830
00:50:06,304 --> 00:50:07,603
but if they need me,
I reckon I'll go.
831
00:50:07,605 --> 00:50:10,439
Simply because Muhammad
Ali has these beliefs,
832
00:50:10,441 --> 00:50:14,110
there's no reason why people
should go against him.
833
00:50:20,083 --> 00:50:22,485
It took an all-white jury
less than a half hour...
834
00:50:22,487 --> 00:50:26,889
to find Muhammad Ali guilty of
all charges and specifications.
835
00:50:26,891 --> 00:50:30,826
He was sentenced to the maximum
five years in prison...
836
00:50:30,828 --> 00:50:33,696
and was fined $10,000.
837
00:50:33,864 --> 00:50:38,401
(MUWAKKIL) To have a heavyweight
champion refuse to be inducted,
838
00:50:38,403 --> 00:50:39,502
that was almost blasphemous.
839
00:50:39,504 --> 00:50:44,373
(MAN) This would mean, of course, that
you stand the chance of going to jail...
840
00:50:44,375 --> 00:50:46,609
as a result of not
going into service.
841
00:50:46,611 --> 00:50:47,910
Well, whatever the punishment,
842
00:50:47,912 --> 00:50:52,281
whatever the persecution is for
standing up for my religious beliefs,
843
00:50:52,283 --> 00:50:54,884
even if it mean facing
machine gun fire that day,
844
00:50:54,886 --> 00:51:00,689
I will face it before denouncing Elijah
Muhammad and the religion of Islam.
845
00:51:00,691 --> 00:51:01,991
I'm ready to die.
846
00:51:01,993 --> 00:51:06,896
(KHALILAH) I was happy that this
black man, he actually stood up...
847
00:51:06,898 --> 00:51:09,365
and did what a
Muslim would do.
848
00:51:09,367 --> 00:51:12,568
And that took a lot of balls.
849
00:51:15,539 --> 00:51:16,739
And he would come into my...
850
00:51:16,741 --> 00:51:21,544
He would try to, you know... try
to get to me, but he couldn't.
851
00:51:21,546 --> 00:51:24,580
And he would be trying
to look for me.
852
00:51:24,582 --> 00:51:27,349
But by us having all
the white unis on,
853
00:51:27,351 --> 00:51:30,386
he had to try to look at your
face because he couldn't tell.
854
00:51:30,388 --> 00:51:32,621
So he would always eye
at me in the mosque...
855
00:51:32,623 --> 00:51:36,892
and keep his eyes and all that...
you know, flirting like.
856
00:51:36,894 --> 00:51:39,929
I knew he was mine.
He was mine then.
857
00:51:39,931 --> 00:51:42,932
(ABDUL BEY MUHAMMAD) When I find
out that's who he was gonna Marry,
858
00:51:42,934 --> 00:51:43,566
I jumped for Joy.
859
00:51:43,568 --> 00:51:47,770
(ABDUL RAHMAN MUHAMMAD) It was a big
blessing to him. She was a virgin.
860
00:51:47,772 --> 00:51:49,672
To Marry a virgin...
861
00:51:49,674 --> 00:51:55,411
I said, "Boy, you hit the
jackpot." That's what I told him.
862
00:51:55,413 --> 00:51:56,512
And she was young and pretty.
863
00:51:56,514 --> 00:52:03,085
Khalilah... one of a kind.
She's the female Muhammad Ali.
864
00:52:03,087 --> 00:52:05,121
Sweet, kind, good lady.
865
00:52:05,123 --> 00:52:09,358
He loved the fact that I stuck with
him when he didn't have anything.
866
00:52:09,360 --> 00:52:11,827
I tried to keep
everything positive...
867
00:52:11,829 --> 00:52:14,530
and started a family, and
that was a good thing.
868
00:52:14,532 --> 00:52:16,932
- (CRYING)
- I'm not having no trouble out of you.
869
00:52:16,934 --> 00:52:18,601
There ain't but one big
mouth in this family.
870
00:52:18,603 --> 00:52:20,804
(KHALILAH) I said, "Brother,
let me tell you something."
871
00:52:20,805 --> 00:52:26,442
If you keep your body in shape and keep
your mind clear, you will win this fight."
872
00:52:26,444 --> 00:52:30,179
The government fight has
cost nearly some $200,000...
873
00:52:30,181 --> 00:52:34,016
plus my living expenses... my mother, my
father, my brother, my wife, my children.
874
00:52:34,018 --> 00:52:38,154
(MAN) Boxing commissions around the
country wouldn't sanction his fights.
875
00:52:38,156 --> 00:52:42,558
I'm just about broke. I'm not allowed
to work here now in America.
876
00:52:42,560 --> 00:52:44,693
I'm not allowed
to leave America.
877
00:52:44,695 --> 00:52:47,463
Is there any chance
of you boxing?
878
00:52:47,465 --> 00:52:48,964
I really don't know.
879
00:52:48,966 --> 00:52:50,833
One day we might.
I'm not too sure.
880
00:52:50,835 --> 00:52:54,803
(MAN) I tried to get him
back into the ring...
881
00:52:54,805 --> 00:53:00,075
and get governors to allow
him to fight in their state.
882
00:53:00,077 --> 00:53:02,878
Alabama.
883
00:53:02,880 --> 00:53:04,079
Utah.
884
00:53:04,081 --> 00:53:06,015
Jackson, Mississippi.
885
00:53:06,017 --> 00:53:09,518
The white man told me to
get back on the airplane.
886
00:53:11,154 --> 00:53:12,888
I tried Alcatraz Island.
887
00:53:12,890 --> 00:53:15,791
I tried every place
that I could think of.
888
00:53:15,793 --> 00:53:18,861
(MAN) The only answer to the
beleaguerments of Muhammad Ali...
889
00:53:18,863 --> 00:53:23,866
might be the stripped jet plane sailing
above all local jurisdictions...
890
00:53:23,868 --> 00:53:26,101
with two fighters
and 200 fans.
891
00:53:26,103 --> 00:53:30,139
They had tried to put
a ring inside a 757.
892
00:53:30,141 --> 00:53:34,009
(MAN) Wilt, there's been rumors that
you are ready to fight Cassius Clay.
893
00:53:34,011 --> 00:53:34,944
Are any of these rumors true?
894
00:53:34,946 --> 00:53:37,947
(CHAMBERLAIN) Actually fighting
Muhammad Ali was not a rumor.
895
00:53:37,949 --> 00:53:41,550
That was a plan. But right
now it's all down the drain.
896
00:53:42,252 --> 00:53:45,387
We start doing the
speaking engagements.
897
00:53:45,555 --> 00:53:50,059
(LIPSYTE) That was the circuit
that really sustained him.
898
00:53:50,061 --> 00:53:50,993
He got paid.
899
00:53:50,995 --> 00:53:54,863
(ALI) Black and white are
opposite of one another.
900
00:53:54,865 --> 00:53:57,132
The opposite of good is bad.
901
00:53:57,134 --> 00:53:59,034
The opposite of hot is cold.
902
00:53:59,036 --> 00:54:02,805
(LIPSYTE) In the
beginning, he was terrible.
903
00:54:02,807 --> 00:54:05,774
And the opposite
of black is white.
904
00:54:05,776 --> 00:54:08,244
He would go into Muslim dogma.
905
00:54:08,246 --> 00:54:11,747
What is it that the
Muslims believe?
906
00:54:11,749 --> 00:54:17,586
Number one, we're gonna say a few
things on what the Muslims want.
907
00:54:17,588 --> 00:54:20,990
Remember, he was 12 years old...
908
00:54:20,992 --> 00:54:23,759
when he committed
himself to boxing.
909
00:54:23,761 --> 00:54:27,062
Suddenly, you're in this
tunnel of your talent.
910
00:54:27,064 --> 00:54:32,868
You just concentrate on being this
great boxer, which he became.
911
00:54:32,870 --> 00:54:37,373
You wave through so many
of the tollbooths of life.
912
00:54:38,675 --> 00:54:43,279
So now suddenly, it's 1967.
913
00:54:43,281 --> 00:54:46,482
He has refused
to step forward.
914
00:54:46,484 --> 00:54:48,984
He's 25 years old.
915
00:54:50,920 --> 00:54:53,689
He's out on his own. He's
on college campuses.
916
00:54:53,691 --> 00:54:56,692
He thought all these kids were
really smart kids out there.
917
00:54:56,694 --> 00:54:58,560
They were going to ask him
really tough questions,
918
00:54:58,562 --> 00:55:00,729
which, to a great
extent, they did.
919
00:55:00,731 --> 00:55:04,533
In time of peace, would you
allow yourself to be drafted?
920
00:55:04,535 --> 00:55:07,503
- Would you?
- Yes, Sir.
921
00:55:08,271 --> 00:55:09,104
Why?
922
00:55:09,106 --> 00:55:13,642
Do you think that the United
States will eventually separate...
923
00:55:13,644 --> 00:55:16,278
into two different
societies, black and white?
924
00:55:16,280 --> 00:55:20,816
Well, the latest government
fact-finding committee...
925
00:55:20,818 --> 00:55:23,285
said that this is what
it's coming to be...
926
00:55:23,287 --> 00:55:25,554
and this is what it's
shaping up to be.
927
00:55:25,556 --> 00:55:27,990
I'd like to ask you why
you're still a Muslim...
928
00:55:27,992 --> 00:55:32,661
since it's a far-gone conclusion
that the Muslim... Muslims...
929
00:55:32,663 --> 00:55:35,230
or two or three... I
don't know which...
930
00:55:35,232 --> 00:55:37,800
did assassinate Malcolm X.
931
00:55:37,802 --> 00:55:40,002
Anybody that'd
assassinate anybody...
932
00:55:40,004 --> 00:55:42,938
or anybody that carry
weapons are not Muslims.
933
00:55:42,940 --> 00:55:45,307
A Muslim wouldn't
carry a weapon,
934
00:55:45,309 --> 00:55:47,142
and a Muslim wouldn't
assassinate nobody.
935
00:55:47,144 --> 00:55:52,981
(KHALILAH) Muslims have always been
under surveillance all our lives.
936
00:55:53,464 --> 00:55:56,585
You see, Elijah Muhammad has
taught us about Big Brother.
937
00:55:56,587 --> 00:55:58,887
Brother Government was
always watching us...
938
00:55:58,889 --> 00:56:03,792
to find anything they can to
put these Muslims down or out.
939
00:56:03,794 --> 00:56:07,463
They're there waiting
for that moment.
940
00:56:16,606 --> 00:56:20,309
(WINSTON) I did a lot
of those spots with Ali.
941
00:56:20,311 --> 00:56:22,878
He got exposure, being free.
942
00:56:22,880 --> 00:56:27,416
And away from being coached,
943
00:56:27,418 --> 00:56:31,220
I just watched him grow
up to become a man.
944
00:56:31,222 --> 00:56:37,092
Well, I would say Black Power would be the
same thing to me that White Power is,
945
00:56:37,094 --> 00:56:38,994
but leave out the brutality.
946
00:56:38,996 --> 00:56:41,730
- (MURMURING)
- Like this is White Power...
947
00:56:41,732 --> 00:56:45,734
your own schools, your
airports, your jet planes.
948
00:56:45,736 --> 00:56:49,271
Being independent and not
dependent on others.
949
00:56:49,273 --> 00:56:51,707
Building your own houses,
factories and hospitals.
950
00:56:51,709 --> 00:56:54,482
I think that he's
teaching the black people
951
00:56:54,495 --> 00:56:57,279
to hate white, and I
think that's very wrong.
952
00:56:57,281 --> 00:56:59,848
I was opposed to his views
before he came here,
953
00:56:59,850 --> 00:57:01,383
and I still am opposed
to his views...
954
00:57:01,385 --> 00:57:03,118
because I feel if he
wants American rights,
955
00:57:03,120 --> 00:57:04,887
then he should assume
responsibility of the draft.
956
00:57:04,889 --> 00:57:08,323
(KHALILAH) Somebody would
come out of nowhere...
957
00:57:08,325 --> 00:57:11,927
and say, "You draft-dodger
nigger, go home."
958
00:57:11,929 --> 00:57:13,762
Well, he didn't
like that at all.
959
00:57:13,764 --> 00:57:15,664
I said, "We have to do
this for a living, man."
960
00:57:15,666 --> 00:57:19,268
Don't worry about what people say
about you. You got to keep going."
961
00:57:19,270 --> 00:57:20,702
And then he'd talk
back at me and says,
962
00:57:20,704 --> 00:57:23,972
"You're not out there getting embarrassed.
I'm out there getting embarrassed.
963
00:57:23,974 --> 00:57:26,842
What would you do if
somebody did that to you?"
964
00:57:26,844 --> 00:57:29,912
I'm not gonna help nobody get
something that Negroes don't have.
965
00:57:29,914 --> 00:57:33,015
If I'm gonna die, I'll die
now right here fighting you.
966
00:57:33,017 --> 00:57:33,782
You my enemy.
967
00:57:33,784 --> 00:57:37,820
My enemy is the white people, not
Vietcong or Chinese or Japanese.
968
00:57:37,822 --> 00:57:40,122
You my opposer when
I want freedom.
969
00:57:40,124 --> 00:57:41,890
You my opposer when
I want justice.
970
00:57:41,892 --> 00:57:43,058
You my opposer when
I want equality.
971
00:57:43,060 --> 00:57:46,795
You won't even stand up for me in
America for my religious beliefs,
972
00:57:46,797 --> 00:57:48,330
and you want me to go
somewhere and fight,
973
00:57:48,332 --> 00:57:51,033
but you won't even stand
up for me here at home.
974
00:57:51,035 --> 00:57:53,101
(MURMURING, CHATTERING)
975
00:57:53,103 --> 00:57:57,239
(KHALILAH) The exiled years
was the worst years...
976
00:57:57,241 --> 00:58:00,375
of me and Ali's life.
977
00:58:01,678 --> 00:58:08,083
(ABDUL RAHMAN MUHAMMAD) In Islam we
feel like we're being attacked unjustly.
978
00:58:08,085 --> 00:58:12,988
We feel like there's a
trial period for us,
979
00:58:12,990 --> 00:58:17,793
and if we stand on
righteousness and truth,
980
00:58:17,795 --> 00:58:19,761
God gonna bring us through it.
981
00:58:19,763 --> 00:58:22,564
And that's the way I saw Ali.
982
00:58:22,566 --> 00:58:26,201
I suffered with my brother. He
suffered. I suffered. We're like that.
983
00:58:26,203 --> 00:58:29,204
I felt the way he felt.
984
00:58:29,206 --> 00:58:33,408
I share my brother's pain.
I share his...
985
00:58:44,487 --> 00:58:46,255
You got to forgive me.
986
00:58:46,257 --> 00:58:50,259
I'm very emotional
when it comes to this.
987
00:58:50,261 --> 00:58:52,861
He paid the price.
988
00:58:55,865 --> 00:58:57,933
(SOBS)
989
00:59:04,541 --> 00:59:07,142
He did what he had to do.
990
00:59:07,977 --> 00:59:10,078
He's the champ.
991
00:59:12,448 --> 00:59:14,983
- (SIREN WAILING)
- (GUNSHOTS)
992
00:59:14,985 --> 00:59:17,920
The country was beginning
to pull apart.
993
00:59:17,922 --> 00:59:22,891
(MUWAKKIL) This was a time when the
ideals of rebellion were spreading.
994
00:59:22,893 --> 00:59:28,864
Urban insurrections and violence were
popping out in cities across the country.
995
00:59:28,866 --> 00:59:31,333
(MAN) Violence is a part
of America's culture.
996
00:59:31,335 --> 00:59:34,002
It is as American
as Cherry pie.
997
00:59:34,004 --> 00:59:36,572
America taught the black
people to be violent.
998
00:59:36,574 --> 00:59:41,577
We will use that violence to rid
ourselves of oppression if necessary.
999
00:59:41,579 --> 00:59:43,912
When the white race
attack the black people,
1000
00:59:43,914 --> 00:59:46,882
you don't ask us what's our
religion or what's our belief.
1001
00:59:46,884 --> 00:59:48,317
You just start
whupping black heads.
1002
00:59:48,319 --> 00:59:49,985
They don't say are you a
Catholic, are you a Baptist,
1003
00:59:49,987 --> 00:59:53,121
are you a black Muslim, are you
a Martin Luther King follower,
1004
00:59:53,123 --> 00:59:54,423
are you with Whitney Young.
1005
00:59:54,425 --> 00:59:57,693
They just go...
(IMITATING KNOCKING)
1006
00:59:57,827 --> 01:00:00,662
There is no need for us to go
anywhere and fight for democracy.
1007
01:00:00,664 --> 01:00:04,933
We working for our liberation, and
it's gonna be in this country.
1008
01:00:04,935 --> 01:00:07,235
And what we gonna say
across this country,
1009
01:00:07,237 --> 01:00:12,174
from Muhammad Ali to a little
black boy in Cardozo High School,
1010
01:00:12,176 --> 01:00:15,510
"Hell, no. We won't go."
1011
01:00:15,512 --> 01:00:17,312
(APPLAUSE, CHEERS)
1012
01:00:17,314 --> 01:00:19,214
(CHANTING) Hell, no!
We won't go!
1013
01:00:19,216 --> 01:00:22,217
(ALI) I'm not here to talk and
say I don't agree with Stokely.
1014
01:00:22,219 --> 01:00:23,085
I don't agree with Rap Brown.
1015
01:00:23,087 --> 01:00:25,921
We're all black people who are fighting
for freedom, justice and equality.
1016
01:00:25,923 --> 01:00:28,223
Everybody have their approach.
One man believe in integrating.
1017
01:00:28,225 --> 01:00:31,994
One day we all be white, he say. Look
like white people after 200 years.
1018
01:00:31,996 --> 01:00:34,129
One believes that education
and politics will solve it.
1019
01:00:34,131 --> 01:00:37,366
One believes shooting and looting and
burning up the country will solve it.
1020
01:00:37,368 --> 01:00:38,934
One man believes
integration will solve it.
1021
01:00:38,936 --> 01:00:41,570
And we believe separation, somewhere
to ourselves, will solve it.
1022
01:00:41,572 --> 01:00:45,040
You were quoted as saying on one
occasion, "All whites are devils."
1023
01:00:45,042 --> 01:00:47,643
- But that's not true, is it?
- Elijah Muhammad teaches us...
1024
01:00:47,645 --> 01:00:50,545
that God told him that
all whites are devils.
1025
01:00:50,547 --> 01:00:52,314
Well, God was wrong on
that occasion, wasn't he?
1026
01:00:52,316 --> 01:00:53,649
- You don't...
- I believe every word of it.
1027
01:00:53,651 --> 01:00:55,089
- But you don't actually
believe that all
1028
01:00:55,102 --> 01:00:56,551
- whites are devils.
- I believe every word...
1029
01:00:56,553 --> 01:00:59,021
Yes, Sir. I believe
everything he preach.
1030
01:00:59,023 --> 01:01:00,455
- I mean, I just...
- You said "all," didn't you?
1031
01:01:00,457 --> 01:01:03,992
- Yeah. I'm trying... - I really believe
that all white people are devils.
1032
01:01:03,994 --> 01:01:08,230
I'm not gonna be no phony. I done
gave up $10 million in fighting.
1033
01:01:08,232 --> 01:01:10,165
I'll go to jail
for five years.
1034
01:01:10,167 --> 01:01:14,169
And you think I'm gonna get on this
TV show and deny what I believe?
1035
01:01:14,171 --> 01:01:16,571
- No.
- I believe every bit of it.
1036
01:01:16,573 --> 01:01:17,572
From my point of view,
1037
01:01:17,574 --> 01:01:23,111
what Elijah Muhammad is doing
to you is diseasing your mind.
1038
01:01:23,113 --> 01:01:25,647
And you have the nerve
to be on a TV show...
1039
01:01:25,649 --> 01:01:27,149
and look at me
like I'm wrong...
1040
01:01:27,151 --> 01:01:29,451
for saying, Elijah Muhammad
is poisoning you...
1041
01:01:29,453 --> 01:01:31,420
by telling you that
we're your enemies.
1042
01:01:31,422 --> 01:01:32,521
And I feel it and
see it every day.
1043
01:01:32,523 --> 01:01:35,390
And every black man watching
this show know you our enemies,
1044
01:01:35,392 --> 01:01:37,359
and you have the nerve
to stand up here...
1045
01:01:37,361 --> 01:01:39,327
and say Elijah Muhammad
is poisoning my mind.
1046
01:01:39,329 --> 01:01:42,964
He cannot teach us that you
our enemy. You taught us.
1047
01:01:42,966 --> 01:01:47,102
(KHALILAH) And Ali liked
intimidating you, pissing you off.
1048
01:01:47,104 --> 01:01:50,138
He loved that. That's
his comfort zone.
1049
01:01:50,140 --> 01:01:52,174
And when you're in
your comfort zone,
1050
01:01:52,176 --> 01:01:54,576
nobody in the world
can penetrate you,
1051
01:01:54,578 --> 01:01:56,378
and you can be who
you wanna be.
1052
01:01:56,380 --> 01:02:00,182
I'd like to start off by
saying, As-salaam alaikum.
1053
01:02:00,184 --> 01:02:02,651
(ALL)
Wa alaikum.
1054
01:02:02,653 --> 01:02:04,052
Ooh. You all...
1055
01:02:04,054 --> 01:02:08,290
- I didn't know you all knew that up here.
- (LAUGHTER)
1056
01:02:08,292 --> 01:02:09,491
Within a year of this,
1057
01:02:09,493 --> 01:02:12,928
he was a much more
attractive character.
1058
01:02:12,930 --> 01:02:15,330
(ALI) And once you
find out who you are,
1059
01:02:15,332 --> 01:02:19,101
then you're start saying,
"I am the greatest."
1060
01:02:19,103 --> 01:02:22,037
(LAUGHTER)
1061
01:02:22,505 --> 01:02:27,142
To those people who think
that I lost so much...
1062
01:02:27,144 --> 01:02:29,077
by not taking the step,
1063
01:02:29,079 --> 01:02:31,613
I haven't lost one thing.
1064
01:02:31,615 --> 01:02:35,150
I have gained a lot.
1065
01:02:35,152 --> 01:02:38,420
- (APPLAUSE)
- Number one...
1066
01:02:42,725 --> 01:02:47,496
- (APPLAUSE STOPS) - Number one,
I have gained a peace of mind.
1067
01:02:47,498 --> 01:02:51,066
- (WOMAN) Yeah! - (APPLAUSE)
1068
01:02:51,068 --> 01:02:54,569
I have gained a
peace of heart.
1069
01:02:54,571 --> 01:02:57,773
I now know that
I'm in content...
1070
01:02:57,775 --> 01:03:01,643
with Almighty God himself.
1071
01:03:01,744 --> 01:03:04,780
(Martin Luther King, Jr.) And
there are those who are seeking...
1072
01:03:04,782 --> 01:03:10,118
to equate dissent
with disloyalty.
1073
01:03:10,120 --> 01:03:12,287
It is my hope...
1074
01:03:12,289 --> 01:03:15,357
that every young man
in this country...
1075
01:03:15,359 --> 01:03:21,763
who finds this war objectionable
and abominable and unjust...
1076
01:03:21,765 --> 01:03:25,767
would file as a
conscientious objector.
1077
01:03:25,769 --> 01:03:29,104
And no matter
what you think...
1078
01:03:29,106 --> 01:03:33,542
of Mr. Muhammad Ali's religion,
1079
01:03:33,544 --> 01:03:39,347
you certainly have to
admire his courage.
1080
01:03:51,627 --> 01:03:55,831
(ALI) Our great leaders like
Martin Luther King, to bump him off.
1081
01:03:55,833 --> 01:04:00,402
And when the white man can
just bump us off like nothing,
1082
01:04:00,404 --> 01:04:02,771
then what chance does
the common man have?
1083
01:04:02,773 --> 01:04:04,706
He just don't care.
He sees no future...
1084
01:04:04,708 --> 01:04:08,677
because his hope, his inspiration
are wiped out like nothing.
1085
01:04:08,679 --> 01:04:13,515
Muhammad Ali's making statements about what
was happening in his life and his world...
1086
01:04:13,517 --> 01:04:14,616
in this society
in which we live,
1087
01:04:14,618 --> 01:04:19,454
and you gonna crucify him and take his
means to support his family away?
1088
01:04:19,456 --> 01:04:22,224
Oh, it was wrong.
Simple as that.
1089
01:04:22,758 --> 01:04:26,194
(ANNOUNCER) The United States leads
the Olympics in medal awards...
1090
01:04:26,196 --> 01:04:28,797
and is just about supreme
in the sprint races,
1091
01:04:28,799 --> 01:04:32,267
thanks to men like Tommie
Smith and John Carlos.
1092
01:04:32,269 --> 01:04:35,303
They came in first and third.
1093
01:04:35,305 --> 01:04:38,340
(CARLOS) Any time they
have an Olympic Games...
1094
01:04:38,342 --> 01:04:41,810
or any time they do a national
anthem at a football game,
1095
01:04:41,812 --> 01:04:43,144
that's politics right there.
1096
01:04:43,146 --> 01:04:45,780
We felt that as young
individual athletes...
1097
01:04:45,782 --> 01:04:49,517
that we could make a significant
difference in society.
1098
01:04:49,519 --> 01:04:52,687
I said, "Look, Tommie, I
wanna make a statement."
1099
01:04:52,689 --> 01:04:56,992
♪ (Star-Spangled Banner)
1100
01:04:56,994 --> 01:05:01,162
"Let's put a black glove on and say
although we're proud to be Americans,
1101
01:05:01,164 --> 01:05:03,665
we're prouder to be
black Americans."
1102
01:05:03,667 --> 01:05:06,735
I had a black shirt on
to cover up my U.S.A...
1103
01:05:06,737 --> 01:05:08,536
because I was ashamed
of America...
1104
01:05:08,538 --> 01:05:11,840
the way America has
been all these years.
1105
01:05:11,842 --> 01:05:13,475
We have a great history
in this country.
1106
01:05:13,477 --> 01:05:17,712
But at the same time, we have a
history that we should be ashamed of.
1107
01:05:17,714 --> 01:05:19,381
The number-one statement
in my mind...
1108
01:05:19,383 --> 01:05:24,719
was to have Muhammad Ali vindicated
from all the nonsense, negativities...
1109
01:05:24,721 --> 01:05:26,254
that they try and
put around him...
1110
01:05:26,256 --> 01:05:29,157
and give him the right to be
the champion that he deserve.
1111
01:05:29,159 --> 01:05:31,693
(CARMICHAEL) Wanna let
the whole world know...
1112
01:05:31,695 --> 01:05:35,530
that we are going to pick
our heroes from today on.
1113
01:05:35,532 --> 01:05:38,366
And brother Tommie Smith,
brother John Carlos...
1114
01:05:38,368 --> 01:05:39,634
join the rank of brother
Muhammad Ali...
1115
01:05:39,636 --> 01:05:42,076
because we want black
people who are concerned
1116
01:05:42,089 --> 01:05:44,539
with us first and
with sports second.
1117
01:05:44,541 --> 01:05:46,541
- Yeah!
- (WOMAN) Yea!
1118
01:05:46,543 --> 01:05:49,678
When you refused
to be drafted,
1119
01:05:49,680 --> 01:05:52,347
do you think that it set
a Mark in history...
1120
01:05:52,349 --> 01:05:54,849
as one black person who just
out and out refused to...
1121
01:05:54,851 --> 01:05:57,786
Many have done it before me, but
they were not famous cases.
1122
01:05:57,788 --> 01:06:02,290
And I just don't think I should
go 10,000 miles from here...
1123
01:06:02,292 --> 01:06:04,559
and shoot some black people
who never called me "nigger,"
1124
01:06:04,561 --> 01:06:06,795
never lynched me,
never put dogs on me,
1125
01:06:06,797 --> 01:06:08,964
never raped my mama,
enslaved me...
1126
01:06:08,966 --> 01:06:12,400
and deprived me of freedom,
justice and equality.
1127
01:06:12,402 --> 01:06:14,569
And he's black too. I
just can't shoot him.
1128
01:06:14,571 --> 01:06:18,239
And with this in mind, and
plus my religious beliefs too,
1129
01:06:18,241 --> 01:06:20,408
which is the legal
reason I'm not going,
1130
01:06:20,410 --> 01:06:23,445
I just can't go over there
and shoot them people...
1131
01:06:23,447 --> 01:06:26,581
and come back home
I'm still a nigger.
1132
01:06:26,583 --> 01:06:31,319
It has been said that I
have two alternatives...
1133
01:06:31,321 --> 01:06:35,423
either go to jail
or go to the army.
1134
01:06:35,425 --> 01:06:39,594
But I would like to say that
there is another alternative.
1135
01:06:39,596 --> 01:06:44,432
And that alternative
is justice.
1136
01:06:51,502 --> 01:06:54,342
(MAN) I came to work
for Justice Harlan...
1137
01:06:54,344 --> 01:06:57,812
in the summer of 1970,
1138
01:06:57,814 --> 01:06:59,781
which during the
term I was there...
1139
01:06:59,783 --> 01:07:02,283
that the Vietnam Veterans
Against the War...
1140
01:07:02,285 --> 01:07:05,320
sat in on the steps
of the Supreme Court.
1141
01:07:05,322 --> 01:07:07,489
(CHANTING)
No!
1142
01:07:08,657 --> 01:07:11,659
(CHANTING, INDISTINCT)
1143
01:07:11,661 --> 01:07:13,661
There was controversy...
1144
01:07:13,663 --> 01:07:17,365
just surrounding every
corner of life.
1145
01:07:17,367 --> 01:07:22,570
- Black Power!
- (SHOUTING, INDISTINCT)
1146
01:07:22,572 --> 01:07:25,473
Ship all niggers back!
1147
01:07:26,575 --> 01:07:30,512
It was during that year that
Clay against United States...
1148
01:07:30,514 --> 01:07:31,780
came up to the Supreme Court.
1149
01:07:31,782 --> 01:07:36,451
The justices probably
thought Ali wouldn't win.
1150
01:07:36,453 --> 01:07:39,754
He could argue about it, but
he had a fair shot below...
1151
01:07:39,756 --> 01:07:41,756
when reasonable
judges had said no.
1152
01:07:41,758 --> 01:07:44,959
And he didn't present any
unique or unusual issues,
1153
01:07:44,961 --> 01:07:47,495
and so they were just gonna
let the case go away.
1154
01:07:47,497 --> 01:07:49,264
As they were about
to announce,
1155
01:07:49,266 --> 01:07:51,032
the solicitor general
came in and said...
1156
01:07:51,034 --> 01:07:54,069
we just learned that there
was an illegal wiretap...
1157
01:07:54,071 --> 01:08:00,775
during which the F.B.I. overheard Muhammad
Ali talking to Reverend Martin Luther King.
1158
01:08:00,777 --> 01:08:04,612
We are all victims of the
same system of oppression.
1159
01:08:04,614 --> 01:08:08,983
And even though we may have
different religious beliefs,
1160
01:08:08,985 --> 01:08:13,755
this does not at all bring about a
difference in terms of our concerns.
1161
01:08:13,757 --> 01:08:15,857
We're still brothers.
1162
01:08:16,092 --> 01:08:18,860
(KRATTENMAKER) So they just did
what was routine in those days.
1163
01:08:18,862 --> 01:08:21,596
We're sending this back
down to the trial judge...
1164
01:08:21,598 --> 01:08:24,732
to determine whether
anything needs to be done.
1165
01:08:24,734 --> 01:08:29,003
I didn't think it would take so
long... three and a half years...
1166
01:08:29,005 --> 01:08:30,905
but I did think
he would be back.
1167
01:08:30,907 --> 01:08:33,641
And he was always doing
something interesting.
1168
01:08:33,643 --> 01:08:36,911
He was in a Broadway show,
Big Time Buck White.
1169
01:08:36,913 --> 01:08:41,182
- (APPLAUSE)
- It was wonderful and terrible.
1170
01:08:46,889 --> 01:08:51,392
You know, I first came here
some 400 long years ago.
1171
01:08:51,394 --> 01:08:52,494
Yes. Right on, Big Time.
1172
01:08:52,496 --> 01:08:55,730
- I came as a first-class
passenger... - Yes!
1173
01:08:55,732 --> 01:09:00,435
On a cold, nasty, muddy,
wet prison of death.
1174
01:09:00,437 --> 01:09:03,705
- Yes! Yes!
- A slave ship.
1175
01:09:03,707 --> 01:09:06,374
♪ We came in chains ♪
1176
01:09:06,376 --> 01:09:07,142
Yeah!
1177
01:09:07,144 --> 01:09:09,878
- ♪ We came in misery ♪
- Uh-huh.
1178
01:09:09,880 --> 01:09:15,650
♪ Now all our suffering and
pains are part of history ♪
1179
01:09:15,652 --> 01:09:16,618
Right on!
1180
01:09:16,620 --> 01:09:18,319
- ♪ We came in chains ♪
- Oh, yes!
1181
01:09:18,321 --> 01:09:21,189
(MAN) Do you feel in a way that
you're not really acting up there?
1182
01:09:21,191 --> 01:09:23,725
No, I'm not acting at all.
I'm real.
1183
01:09:23,727 --> 01:09:25,160
We may have a little
music in the background,
1184
01:09:25,162 --> 01:09:28,696
but everything that I do, I
look at it as being real.
1185
01:09:28,698 --> 01:09:30,732
♪ Chains, chains, chains ♪
1186
01:09:30,734 --> 01:09:32,400
♪ We came in chains ♪
1187
01:09:32,402 --> 01:09:33,568
♪ Four hundred years ♪
1188
01:09:33,570 --> 01:09:36,171
♪ No justice No
freedom No equality ♪
1189
01:09:36,173 --> 01:09:38,506
♪ Worked from sunup
to sundown ♪
1190
01:09:38,508 --> 01:09:40,608
♪ 1970, still in chains ♪
1191
01:09:40,610 --> 01:09:43,611
♪ Financial chains
Economical chains ♪
1192
01:09:43,613 --> 01:09:45,480
♪ Chains, chains, chains ♪
1193
01:09:45,482 --> 01:09:47,081
♪ America chains ♪
1194
01:09:47,083 --> 01:09:50,485
♪ Chains Look at
these chains ♪
1195
01:09:50,487 --> 01:09:51,953
♪ Chains ♪
1196
01:09:51,955 --> 01:09:54,622
♪ Chains ♪
1197
01:09:54,624 --> 01:09:57,792
♪ Chains ♪
1198
01:09:57,794 --> 01:10:00,862
(CHEERING)
1199
01:10:02,559 --> 01:10:05,800
(ANNOUNCER) Meanwhile, a group
of Atlanta blacks and whites...
1200
01:10:05,802 --> 01:10:09,904
managed to get Clay a license
and bring the fight to Atlanta.
1201
01:10:09,906 --> 01:10:12,207
No other city has done this.
1202
01:10:12,209 --> 01:10:18,012
We put Mr. Clay, Muhammad
Ali, back into the ring.
1203
01:10:18,607 --> 01:10:20,848
I don't see how this fight
could take place...
1204
01:10:20,850 --> 01:10:22,483
anywhere in the United
States of America...
1205
01:10:22,485 --> 01:10:26,621
by a man that has denounced
his country's uniform...
1206
01:10:26,623 --> 01:10:29,090
and refused to be inducted.
1207
01:10:29,658 --> 01:10:32,527
There are no state
laws in Georgia...
1208
01:10:32,529 --> 01:10:33,228
covering the boxing industry.
1209
01:10:33,230 --> 01:10:39,133
We have secured from the city of Atlanta
the boxing permit, the license.
1210
01:10:39,135 --> 01:10:41,202
We've covered everything.
1211
01:10:41,204 --> 01:10:44,472
Muhammad Ali, or Cassius
Clay, or both...
1212
01:10:44,474 --> 01:10:47,175
will return to the boxing
ring in Atlanta, Georgia.
1213
01:10:47,177 --> 01:10:49,711
Governor Maddox
does not like it.
1214
01:10:49,713 --> 01:10:50,712
But he can't stop it.
1215
01:10:50,714 --> 01:10:52,714
I've called for a day of
mourning because of this,
1216
01:10:52,716 --> 01:10:56,251
that this tragic thing has happened
in this United States of America...
1217
01:10:56,253 --> 01:11:00,855
where men have fought so long and their
wives and children have sacrificed so much.
1218
01:11:00,857 --> 01:11:04,993
(ANNOUNCER) But there are a lot of
people who feel as Governor Maddox does.
1219
01:11:04,995 --> 01:11:08,496
But Clay has his license
and will fight.
1220
01:11:08,498 --> 01:11:10,765
Your greatest trial may
not be in the ring.
1221
01:11:10,767 --> 01:11:11,799
It may be with the
American public,
1222
01:11:11,801 --> 01:11:17,639
most of whom deeply resent your stance
with regard to military induction.
1223
01:11:18,207 --> 01:11:21,509
(KRATTENMAKER) Because Ali was
such a visible public figure,
1224
01:11:21,511 --> 01:11:26,714
Justice Brennan thought we just
can't let a case like this go...
1225
01:11:26,716 --> 01:11:27,915
without explaining why.
1226
01:11:27,917 --> 01:11:30,618
So we caught the case
on the bounce back.
1227
01:11:30,620 --> 01:11:33,260
The Supreme Court
agreed today to review
1228
01:11:33,273 --> 01:11:35,923
heavyweight fighter Muhammad
Ali's conviction...
1229
01:11:35,925 --> 01:11:37,692
for refusing induction
into the army.
1230
01:11:37,694 --> 01:11:41,195
Ali claims he cannot be drafted
for religious reasons,
1231
01:11:41,197 --> 01:11:44,999
and now the high court will
decide whether he's right.
1232
01:11:45,001 --> 01:11:46,301
Is your client a pacifist?
1233
01:11:46,303 --> 01:11:50,038
A pacifist is, uh... is...
is, uh, strict language.
1234
01:11:50,040 --> 01:11:53,641
A pacifist means, um...
uh, a Quaker,
1235
01:11:53,643 --> 01:11:57,545
one who does not engage
in any kind of violence.
1236
01:11:57,547 --> 01:12:00,715
It would hardly classify
him as a pacifist.
1237
01:12:00,717 --> 01:12:03,618
Of course there's this
incredible irony...
1238
01:12:03,620 --> 01:12:10,591
that you have this big, powerful
heavyweight champion of the world...
1239
01:12:10,593 --> 01:12:13,995
saying he's a
conscientious objector.
1240
01:12:14,997 --> 01:12:18,733
Justice Thurgood Marshall
recused himself from the case.
1241
01:12:18,735 --> 01:12:21,102
He was largely removing
himself from any case...
1242
01:12:21,104 --> 01:12:23,504
where the N.A.A.C.P.
Legal Defense Fund,
1243
01:12:23,506 --> 01:12:26,808
of which he used to be the head,
was representing a party.
1244
01:12:26,810 --> 01:12:29,210
The fact that Marshall
was not in the case...
1245
01:12:29,212 --> 01:12:30,812
meant there were
only eight justices.
1246
01:12:30,814 --> 01:12:36,617
So there was always the risk that
this case would come out 4-4.
1247
01:12:36,619 --> 01:12:42,323
If the justices vote 4-4, the
decision below is affirmed.
1248
01:12:42,325 --> 01:12:44,892
Ali would go to jail.
1249
01:12:44,894 --> 01:12:48,162
(MAN) Earlier this year Ali
began retempering the steel...
1250
01:12:48,164 --> 01:12:51,866
that lay beneath the starchy
lecture-circuit lunches.
1251
01:12:51,868 --> 01:12:53,101
(ALI)
All this is to me is a job.
1252
01:12:53,103 --> 01:12:57,372
It means that I have a chance to earn
a living and take care of my family.
1253
01:12:57,374 --> 01:12:59,607
That's all it means to me.
1254
01:12:59,729 --> 01:13:01,809
(ANNOUNCER)
In exhibitions like this,
1255
01:13:01,811 --> 01:13:05,012
sometimes he floated like
a butterfly in galoshes.
1256
01:13:05,014 --> 01:13:07,648
But there were moments
when a live youth...
1257
01:13:07,650 --> 01:13:11,052
broke through the
Rusty layers.
1258
01:13:11,916 --> 01:13:14,756
(ALI) Many critics
say it's impossible...
1259
01:13:14,758 --> 01:13:17,592
for a man to be off three
years and a half...
1260
01:13:17,594 --> 01:13:18,693
and with a six-week
notice be in shape.
1261
01:13:18,695 --> 01:13:25,767
It's impossible for him to have his wind,
his timing, his speed and his legs.
1262
01:13:25,769 --> 01:13:27,969
People are wondering
what can I do,
1263
01:13:27,971 --> 01:13:32,907
and we won't know until
the pressure's put on me.
1264
01:13:33,075 --> 01:13:35,243
(MAN) A man should be
entitled to do his job.
1265
01:13:35,245 --> 01:13:38,746
He was convicted of a felony,
but he's not in jail.
1266
01:13:38,748 --> 01:13:40,314
And as long as he's free,
1267
01:13:40,316 --> 01:13:44,652
he should be entitled
to make his living.
1268
01:13:48,590 --> 01:13:53,094
(ANNOUNCER) Win or lose, he's got the
appeal of his conviction to worry about...
1269
01:13:53,096 --> 01:13:56,764
and the possibility of
five years in prison.
1270
01:13:56,766 --> 01:13:59,300
(GRUNTING)
1271
01:14:03,445 --> 01:14:04,205
Time!
1272
01:14:04,207 --> 01:14:07,408
(KRATTENMAKER) When the case
was argued to the justices,
1273
01:14:07,410 --> 01:14:10,411
almost all the analysis
turned on the question...
1274
01:14:10,413 --> 01:14:13,347
of whether he was a selective
conscientious objector.
1275
01:14:13,349 --> 01:14:19,187
That is, he had a conscientious objection
to this war but not another one.
1276
01:14:19,189 --> 01:14:23,257
There is in this record
a basis, in fact,
1277
01:14:23,259 --> 01:14:24,659
for the conclusion...
1278
01:14:24,661 --> 01:14:27,161
that the petitioner's
objection,
1279
01:14:27,163 --> 01:14:29,464
though religious,
is selective.
1280
01:14:29,466 --> 01:14:31,799
- As-salaam alaikum.
- Wa as-salaam.
1281
01:14:31,801 --> 01:14:34,902
(GRISWOLD) That he is, in
fact, oppose to fighting...
1282
01:14:34,904 --> 01:14:37,638
what he regards as "the
white man's wars,"
1283
01:14:37,640 --> 01:14:41,943
although having no religious
or conscientious scruples...
1284
01:14:41,945 --> 01:14:44,045
against participation
in war...
1285
01:14:44,047 --> 01:14:47,982
which would defend the
black man's interests.
1286
01:14:48,951 --> 01:14:51,419
The court voted
5-3 against Ali.
1287
01:14:51,421 --> 01:14:53,955
It was all over
but the writing.
1288
01:14:53,957 --> 01:15:00,495
Metaphorically, Ali had one
foot and three toes in prison.
1289
01:15:18,013 --> 01:15:23,284
The Chief justice assigned the
opinion to Justice Harlan.
1290
01:15:23,418 --> 01:15:28,856
Justice Harlan... he was in very
good health, with one exception.
1291
01:15:28,858 --> 01:15:29,891
His eyesight was horrible.
1292
01:15:29,893 --> 01:15:34,395
He had had something that was
like a stroke of the eyes.
1293
01:15:34,763 --> 01:15:40,034
Part of the job of being Justice
Harlan's law clerk was to read to him.
1294
01:15:40,036 --> 01:15:41,335
And I told Justice Harlan...
1295
01:15:41,337 --> 01:15:43,938
I might have said it more times
than is really polite...
1296
01:15:43,940 --> 01:15:48,175
"When you go back and you read The
Message to the Blackman... ".
1297
01:15:48,177 --> 01:15:50,511
Every one of you should have
this book in your study.
1298
01:15:50,513 --> 01:15:53,848
"And you read The
Autobiography of Malcolm X,"
1299
01:15:53,850 --> 01:15:55,416
the Nation of Islam
people were saying...
1300
01:15:55,418 --> 01:15:58,386
if Allah summons us to war,
then we will go to war.
1301
01:15:58,388 --> 01:16:02,023
If you really took the
law literally seriously,
1302
01:16:02,025 --> 01:16:07,361
you cannot distinguish Jehovah's
Witnesses from the Nation of Islam...
1303
01:16:07,363 --> 01:16:09,263
"on this particular issue."
1304
01:16:09,265 --> 01:16:12,333
And so we've got
legal precedent.
1305
01:16:12,335 --> 01:16:16,938
What the Supreme Court had said
about the Jehovah's Witnesses...
1306
01:16:16,940 --> 01:16:19,140
was even though they're
willing to fight...
1307
01:16:19,142 --> 01:16:21,409
in some hypothetical
war declared by God,
1308
01:16:21,411 --> 01:16:25,580
it doesn't mean that you're
not a conscientious objector.
1309
01:16:25,582 --> 01:16:29,951
Congress meant to exempt people
who, in good conscience,
1310
01:16:29,953 --> 01:16:36,157
couldn't participate in a
person-to-person bombs-and-bullets war.
1311
01:16:36,159 --> 01:16:41,162
"We believe that we who declare
ourselves to be righteous Muslims...
1312
01:16:41,164 --> 01:16:46,601
shall not participate in wars which
take the lives of human beings."
1313
01:16:46,603 --> 01:16:48,836
(KRATTENMAKER) Justice
Harlan sent a memorandum
1314
01:16:48,838 --> 01:16:49,403
essentially saying,
1315
01:16:49,405 --> 01:16:52,206
"Now that I've look more
carefully at the record,".
1316
01:16:52,208 --> 01:16:54,408
I think we were
wrong in our vote,
1317
01:16:54,410 --> 01:16:58,913
"and I am voting to
reverse the conviction."
1318
01:16:58,915 --> 01:17:00,414
And now we had a problem.
1319
01:17:00,416 --> 01:17:03,985
How are we going to keep
staffing that war machine...
1320
01:17:03,987 --> 01:17:07,521
if it turns out that everybody
who joins the Nation of Islam...
1321
01:17:07,523 --> 01:17:09,624
gets a free pass
out of the draft?
1322
01:17:09,626 --> 01:17:14,328
In war, the intention is to
kill, kill, kill, kill...
1323
01:17:14,330 --> 01:17:17,131
- and continue killing innocent people.
- (APPLAUSE)
1324
01:17:17,133 --> 01:17:20,334
But there is one hell of
a lot of difference...
1325
01:17:20,336 --> 01:17:24,805
in fighting in the ring and
going to war in Vietnam.
1326
01:17:28,510 --> 01:17:31,445
(Announcer On P.A.)
From Louisville, Kentucky,
1327
01:17:31,447 --> 01:17:34,382
return of the champion,
1328
01:17:34,384 --> 01:17:36,651
Muhammad Ali.
1329
01:17:36,653 --> 01:17:40,388
- (CHEERING)
- (BELL RINGS)
1330
01:17:43,125 --> 01:17:48,829
(LIPSYTE) The Quarry fight was
really exciting outside the ring.
1331
01:17:48,831 --> 01:17:53,467
(WINSTON) Everybody who was
somebody came to that fight.
1332
01:17:53,469 --> 01:17:56,871
Cadillacs, gangster style.
1333
01:17:56,873 --> 01:18:00,908
Cats with minks and diamonds.
1334
01:18:00,910 --> 01:18:03,310
It was the fight night.
1335
01:18:04,146 --> 01:18:08,916
(ANNOUNCER) That left
jab is finding its Mark.
1336
01:18:13,889 --> 01:18:18,592
(LIPSYTE) It was a total
explosion of blackness...
1337
01:18:19,327 --> 01:18:22,029
from the highest levels
of civil rights...
1338
01:18:22,031 --> 01:18:28,502
I want to say that you're not only
our champion in the boxing area,
1339
01:18:28,504 --> 01:18:34,208
but you're also a champion of justice
and peace and human dignity.
1340
01:18:34,210 --> 01:18:35,309
Thank you.
1341
01:18:35,311 --> 01:18:38,979
You're the living
example of soul power.
1342
01:18:38,981 --> 01:18:43,250
This was the March on
Washington all in two fists.
1343
01:18:43,252 --> 01:18:46,353
- Thank you.
- Thank you. You're so kind.
1344
01:18:46,922 --> 01:18:49,056
(KRATTENMAKER)
Ali's case exposed...
1345
01:18:49,058 --> 01:18:51,525
how awkward the
legal system was...
1346
01:18:51,527 --> 01:18:55,429
and how arbitrary and capricious
it was in many respects.
1347
01:18:55,431 --> 01:18:58,999
Justice Stewart dug further
into the record...
1348
01:18:59,001 --> 01:19:01,402
and found an obscure
technical point...
1349
01:19:01,404 --> 01:19:04,672
on which the court could
reverse Ali's conviction.
1350
01:19:04,674 --> 01:19:08,476
But this ground for reversal
applied only to Muhammad Ali.
1351
01:19:08,478 --> 01:19:10,945
It didn't apply to anybody else.
1352
01:19:11,146 --> 01:19:18,919
The technicality was that the government
had denied Ali due process of law.
1353
01:19:18,921 --> 01:19:20,621
At the first stage
of this case,
1354
01:19:20,623 --> 01:19:23,324
the government had told the
Louisville draft board...
1355
01:19:23,326 --> 01:19:27,228
that not only was Ali not
opposed to all wars...
1356
01:19:27,230 --> 01:19:30,631
but that he was insincere
in claiming this.
1357
01:19:30,633 --> 01:19:32,366
Then when they got to
the Supreme Court,
1358
01:19:32,368 --> 01:19:36,737
Justice Douglas, at the very end of
the oral argument by the government,
1359
01:19:36,739 --> 01:19:38,439
turned to the solicitor
general and said...
1360
01:19:38,441 --> 01:19:41,542
(Justice William O. Douglas) "You
don't question his sincerity?"
1361
01:19:41,544 --> 01:19:43,511
No, Mr. Justice, we do not.
1362
01:19:43,513 --> 01:19:46,113
(KRATTENMAKER)
That's a denial of due process.
1363
01:19:46,115 --> 01:19:52,052
The government isn't allowed to
tell a judge Ali was insincere...
1364
01:19:52,054 --> 01:19:54,188
and the next day sincere...
1365
01:19:54,190 --> 01:19:56,390
in order to sustain
a conviction.
1366
01:19:56,392 --> 01:20:02,663
This little procedural point turning
this big case into a peewee case...
1367
01:20:02,665 --> 01:20:05,332
immediately got you five votes,
1368
01:20:05,334 --> 01:20:09,203
and other people then started
coming over to the opinion.
1369
01:20:09,205 --> 01:20:12,406
So the final outcome was
a unanimous victory.
1370
01:20:12,408 --> 01:20:18,579
They wrote a case that, insofar
as precedent is concerned...
1371
01:20:18,581 --> 01:20:20,548
the way I say it...
is so thin...
1372
01:20:20,550 --> 01:20:25,085
that if you turn it sideways,
it doesn't even cast a shadow.
1373
01:20:25,629 --> 01:20:28,589
(ANNOUNCER) The Supreme
Court ruled 8-0 today...
1374
01:20:28,591 --> 01:20:30,558
that Muhammad Ali is
indeed sincere...
1375
01:20:30,560 --> 01:20:32,560
in his Muslim beliefs
against war.
1376
01:20:32,562 --> 01:20:36,130
That overturns Ali's conviction
for refusing induction...
1377
01:20:36,132 --> 01:20:38,165
and removes the threat
of five years in jail.
1378
01:20:38,167 --> 01:20:41,569
When Ali heard the news, he
said, "Thanks be to Allah."
1379
01:20:41,571 --> 01:20:43,537
I was on 79th Street
on the south side...
1380
01:20:43,539 --> 01:20:44,872
and just bought me an
orange in a grocery store.
1381
01:20:44,874 --> 01:20:49,109
And the grocery owner came out and grabbed
me and hugged me with tears in his eyes...
1382
01:20:49,111 --> 01:20:51,668
a little black fella...
and told me that
1383
01:20:51,681 --> 01:20:54,248
you've just been vindicated
and you're free.
1384
01:20:54,250 --> 01:20:56,984
Eight judges all
voted in your favor.
1385
01:20:56,986 --> 01:20:59,320
Only God did it, buddy.
1386
01:20:59,322 --> 01:21:01,422
The God of heaven and
Earth, these stars.
1387
01:21:01,424 --> 01:21:04,825
He changed hearts.
1388
01:21:04,827 --> 01:21:06,360
Whew!
1389
01:21:06,362 --> 01:21:06,827
Hit me hard.
1390
01:21:06,829 --> 01:21:10,130
Well, all I have to say is
what's concerning my case.
1391
01:21:10,132 --> 01:21:12,566
I don't know what's
happening to this moment.
1392
01:21:12,568 --> 01:21:14,769
I don't know who will be
assassinated tonight.
1393
01:21:14,770 --> 01:21:17,204
I don't know who will be
enslaved or mistreated.
1394
01:21:17,206 --> 01:21:22,042
I don't who will be deprived of
some other justice or equality.
1395
01:21:25,413 --> 01:21:28,315
Well, I think everybody's
looking for truth.
1396
01:21:31,086 --> 01:21:34,188
Everybody's trying
to find himself.
1397
01:21:34,190 --> 01:21:35,322
People sit back now
in their old age...
1398
01:21:35,324 --> 01:21:40,527
and reflect on the crossroads of their
life. "Did I make the right choices?"
1399
01:21:40,529 --> 01:21:45,399
Muhammad Ali stood fast and
never denied what he stood for.
1400
01:21:46,783 --> 01:21:49,904
(WOMAN) The first time that
I understood the importance
1401
01:21:49,906 --> 01:21:50,638
of who my father was,
1402
01:21:50,640 --> 01:21:52,506
I was around three years old.
1403
01:21:52,508 --> 01:21:55,709
We had to be lifted out some
way of this massive crowd.
1404
01:21:55,711 --> 01:22:01,282
People were crying. They were on their
knees. They had their hands crossed.
1405
01:22:02,378 --> 01:22:04,418
(LIPSYTE)
In a strange sort of way,
1406
01:22:04,420 --> 01:22:09,556
I don't think that he totally
transcended boxing...
1407
01:22:09,558 --> 01:22:11,325
until he went back to boxing,
1408
01:22:11,327 --> 01:22:15,462
until he went back
on that platform.
1409
01:22:17,632 --> 01:22:20,567
(ANNOUNCER)
This is an incredible scene.
1410
01:22:20,569 --> 01:22:22,136
The place is going wild.
1411
01:22:22,138 --> 01:22:25,906
Muhammad Ali has won!
Muhammad Ali has won!
1412
01:22:25,908 --> 01:22:27,775
(HANA)
Naturally when you're young,
1413
01:22:27,777 --> 01:22:29,610
you want your father
all to yourself.
1414
01:22:29,612 --> 01:22:31,645
My father would
go off on trips,
1415
01:22:31,647 --> 01:22:34,782
going to China or
Libya or wherever,
1416
01:22:34,784 --> 01:22:36,583
and I would cry.
1417
01:22:36,585 --> 01:22:40,387
He said to me one time, "You
know, Hana, I'm your daddy,"
1418
01:22:40,389 --> 01:22:41,822
but I'm also the
daddy to the world."
1419
01:22:41,824 --> 01:22:44,959
And I said, "You're not my
daddy. You're Muhammad Ali."
1420
01:22:44,961 --> 01:22:48,228
Whenever he would leave,
he was Muhammad Ali.
1421
01:22:48,396 --> 01:22:50,664
(ALI) I'll always gonna
be one black one...
1422
01:22:50,666 --> 01:22:53,500
who got big on your
white televisions,
1423
01:22:53,502 --> 01:22:55,803
on your white newspapers,
on your satellites...
1424
01:22:55,805 --> 01:22:59,506
and 100% stay with and
represent my people.
1425
01:22:59,508 --> 01:23:01,875
That was my purpose, and
that's why I'm happy.
1426
01:23:01,877 --> 01:23:03,544
I'm here, and I'm
showing the world...
1427
01:23:03,546 --> 01:23:07,448
that you can be here and still
free and stay yourself...
1428
01:23:07,450 --> 01:23:10,484
and get respect
from the world.
1429
01:23:11,319 --> 01:23:13,120
(MUWAKKIL) When Elijah
Muhammad died in '75,
1430
01:23:13,122 --> 01:23:19,226
the decision of the leadership was to
name Wallace Muhammad, Elijah's son,
1431
01:23:19,228 --> 01:23:20,327
as the new leader.
1432
01:23:20,329 --> 01:23:22,663
We've arrived here. The
trip was successful.
1433
01:23:22,665 --> 01:23:28,635
He began to change the Nation to something
more akin to traditional Islam.
1434
01:23:28,637 --> 01:23:31,305
Less attention to
black nationalism.
1435
01:23:31,307 --> 01:23:32,539
Less attention to race.
1436
01:23:32,541 --> 01:23:36,677
Muhammad Ali became a
follower of Wallace Muhammad.
1437
01:23:36,679 --> 01:23:38,979
Most members went along
with them at first.
1438
01:23:38,981 --> 01:23:41,982
And then eventually, people
in the Nation convinced.
1439
01:23:41,984 --> 01:23:43,384
Louis Farrakhan
to break away...
1440
01:23:43,386 --> 01:23:48,555
and reform Elijah Muhammad's
race-oriented version.
1441
01:23:48,557 --> 01:23:50,090
And that's been that
way ever since.
1442
01:23:50,092 --> 01:23:54,261
In the early days of the religion,
they have black separatism.
1443
01:23:54,263 --> 01:23:56,263
In those days, you
were the devil.
1444
01:23:56,265 --> 01:23:58,799
The white man was the devil.
That's right.
1445
01:23:58,801 --> 01:24:01,702
Ali was constantly evolving,
1446
01:24:01,704 --> 01:24:04,505
constantly growing...
1447
01:24:04,507 --> 01:24:07,608
from the narrow view...
1448
01:24:07,610 --> 01:24:11,712
of the Nation of Islam
in its infancy...
1449
01:24:11,714 --> 01:24:14,782
to the broad universal view...
1450
01:24:14,784 --> 01:24:19,620
of Islam in its
fullest development.
1451
01:24:19,622 --> 01:24:21,555
That's Ali.
1452
01:24:22,604 --> 01:24:24,324
(ALI)
I'm a Muslim,
1453
01:24:24,326 --> 01:24:27,661
and I'm against
killing, violence,
1454
01:24:27,663 --> 01:24:31,265
and all Muslims
are against it.
1455
01:24:31,533 --> 01:24:36,837
I think the people should know
the real truth about Islam.
1456
01:24:36,839 --> 01:24:40,541
And I wouldn't be here
to represent Islam...
1457
01:24:40,543 --> 01:24:44,078
if it was really like the
terrorists made it look.
1458
01:24:44,080 --> 01:24:48,082
I think that all the people
should know the truth...
1459
01:24:48,084 --> 01:24:55,255
and come to recognize the
truth because Islam is peace.
1460
01:24:55,557 --> 01:25:00,627
(ABDUL RAHMAN MUHAMMAD) Ali... he
has made more people examine Islam.
1461
01:25:00,629 --> 01:25:03,831
And they find that Islam
ain't what the government...
1462
01:25:03,833 --> 01:25:08,469
and the enemies of Islam
trying to make it out to be.
1463
01:25:09,037 --> 01:25:10,003
(MUWAKKIL)
Since 9/11,
1464
01:25:10,005 --> 01:25:14,775
Islam has acquired so many layers
and dimensions and textures.
1465
01:25:14,777 --> 01:25:17,911
When the Nation of Islam was
considered as a threatening religion,
1466
01:25:17,913 --> 01:25:22,749
traditional Islam was seen
as a gentle alternative.
1467
01:25:22,751 --> 01:25:25,686
- (CHANTING)
- And now quite the contrary.
1468
01:25:25,688 --> 01:25:28,989
The Nation of Islam is seen
as a tame domestic version...
1469
01:25:28,991 --> 01:25:32,993
and traditional Islam is seen
as the threatening thing.
1470
01:25:32,995 --> 01:25:36,096
Muhammad Ali occupies a
weird kind of place...
1471
01:25:36,098 --> 01:25:40,534
in that shifting
interpretation of Islam.
1472
01:25:41,636 --> 01:25:45,639
(KHALILAH) He'll always be
the greatest fighter ever.
1473
01:25:45,641 --> 01:25:48,442
But I just outgrew him.
1474
01:25:51,146 --> 01:25:53,747
My father's first marriage
was to Sonji Roi,
1475
01:25:53,749 --> 01:25:56,950
and it didn't last
long, about a year.
1476
01:25:56,952 --> 01:26:00,354
His second wife, he
had four kids with.
1477
01:26:00,356 --> 01:26:02,689
(MOUTHING WORDS)
1478
01:26:03,391 --> 01:26:06,126
His third wife, Veronica
Porsche, my mother,
1479
01:26:06,128 --> 01:26:09,096
he had myself and
my sister, Laila.
1480
01:26:09,098 --> 01:26:10,931
And his current wife, Lonnie,
1481
01:26:10,933 --> 01:26:12,933
they adopted
together one child.
1482
01:26:12,935 --> 01:26:16,837
And my father has two children
by women he was not married to.
1483
01:26:16,839 --> 01:26:19,373
So there's nine of us, and
we're one big happy family...
1484
01:26:19,375 --> 01:26:22,509
'cause he brought us together
in the summers every year.
1485
01:26:22,511 --> 01:26:27,381
Probably drove my mother crazy and
everybody else crazy. We had a ball.
1486
01:26:28,917 --> 01:26:33,020
(KHALILAH) I see him at
certain family events.
1487
01:26:33,022 --> 01:26:35,522
It hurts sometimes to
look at him too long.
1488
01:26:35,524 --> 01:26:40,360
I can be around for a few minutes
and then I have to walk away.
1489
01:26:40,362 --> 01:26:44,565
But then I see there's
a good Aura there.
1490
01:26:44,567 --> 01:26:47,668
Then I'll penetrate it
with some good memories.
1491
01:26:47,670 --> 01:26:52,272
And then I fall in love
with him all over again.
1492
01:26:52,409 --> 01:26:55,209
(ALI) All the wealth
of the universe...
1493
01:26:55,211 --> 01:27:02,749
and all the wealth on Earth
is equal to mosquitoes...
1494
01:27:02,751 --> 01:27:05,852
compared to what you
get in the next life.
1495
01:27:05,854 --> 01:27:11,225
Some who know him believe that all those
blows to the head damaged his brain,
1496
01:27:11,227 --> 01:27:14,628
that he is no longer
the man he was inside.
1497
01:27:14,630 --> 01:27:18,131
(HANA) He has Parkinson's,
as the world knows.
1498
01:27:18,133 --> 01:27:19,566
But he's healthy otherwise.
1499
01:27:19,568 --> 01:27:23,804
He is happy being Muhammad Ali.
He enjoys who he is.
1500
01:27:23,806 --> 01:27:24,905
He's not in any pain.
1501
01:27:24,907 --> 01:27:27,741
He believes that everything
has a purpose and a time.
1502
01:27:27,743 --> 01:27:30,611
And, you know, he's...
he's happy.
1503
01:27:30,613 --> 01:27:33,981
When you do the right thing, man,
you will prevail at the end.
1504
01:27:33,983 --> 01:27:36,717
It's just a matter of you being
out there in the front...
1505
01:27:36,719 --> 01:27:40,621
of the people who haven't
caught up with you yet.
1506
01:27:40,623 --> 01:27:42,923
(CHEERING)
1507
01:27:45,827 --> 01:27:52,165
When he lit the
Olympic torch in '96,
1508
01:27:52,167 --> 01:27:54,568
I felt tears in my eyes.
1509
01:27:54,570 --> 01:27:57,838
(CHEERING CONTINUES)
1510
01:27:57,840 --> 01:28:00,007
(APPLAUSE)
1511
01:28:00,009 --> 01:28:04,244
(ANNOUNCER)
The greatest of all time!
1512
01:28:04,246 --> 01:28:08,515
But to see him carry that,
1513
01:28:08,517 --> 01:28:12,953
uh, it was a big-time howdy.
1514
01:28:12,955 --> 01:28:16,223
It was a perfect
poetic moment.
1515
01:28:18,726 --> 01:28:22,829
If anybody should've lit the
torch in any Olympic Games,
1516
01:28:22,831 --> 01:28:26,533
it should have
been Muhammad Ali.
1517
01:28:26,535 --> 01:28:28,568
(LIPSYTE)
In the '60s and '70s,
1518
01:28:28,570 --> 01:28:33,674
he was the most recognizable
face in the world.
1519
01:28:33,676 --> 01:28:36,810
We created a symbol.
1520
01:28:37,211 --> 01:28:43,550
Muhammad Ali has long
since been supplanted...
1521
01:28:43,552 --> 01:28:47,621
by what we believe he is.
1522
01:28:47,623 --> 01:28:50,157
One more time! Who's the
champ of the world?
1523
01:28:50,159 --> 01:28:51,091
(AUDIENCE)
Muhammad Ali!
1524
01:28:51,093 --> 01:28:54,161
(LIPSYTE) There are so many
ways of looking at him...
1525
01:28:54,163 --> 01:28:57,297
that have only
to do with us...
1526
01:28:57,299 --> 01:29:02,069
and have nothing
to do with him.
1527
01:29:02,870 --> 01:29:07,574
When Muhammad Ali
took that stand...
1528
01:29:08,976 --> 01:29:12,279
- That was a hell of a stand.
- It certainly was.
1529
01:29:12,281 --> 01:29:15,649
(HANA) And my father was
always more than a boxer.
1530
01:29:15,651 --> 01:29:17,951
To me, he's the eighth
wonder of the world.
1531
01:29:17,953 --> 01:29:19,219
That's the one title
I'm waiting for.
1532
01:29:19,221 --> 01:29:23,190
Muhammad Ali... the eighth
wonder of the world.
1533
01:29:27,595 --> 01:29:30,197
(RAHAMAN)
I love you, champ.
1534
01:29:30,199 --> 01:29:31,832
You're my soul and my heart.
1535
01:29:31,834 --> 01:29:34,101
Only brother I got. Love you.
1536
01:29:36,003 --> 01:29:38,038
I love you. Peace.