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On January 2nd,

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I was quietly summoned
to the Pentagon

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to meet with
the Joint Chiefs of Staff.

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Each branch was represented--

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00:00:49,050 --> 00:00:52,386
the Army, the Air Force,

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the Navy, and the Marines.

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"Michael,"
they said to me,

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"We don't know
what the fuck we're doing."

9
00:01:00,561 --> 00:01:04,273
 Dressed up to win,
we're dressed up to win... 

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00:01:04,440 --> 00:01:08,027
They hadn't won a war outright
since the big one, WWII.

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 We are just beginning
and we won't stop winning... 

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They went over
each of the wars that they had lost.

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One...

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after...

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the other.

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They regretted
having wasted trillions of dollars

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and helping to create
new groups like ISIS.

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They admitted that what they got
from these wars was just...

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more war.

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They couldn't even get us the oil
they promised us from Iraq.

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They felt embarrassed,
humiliated.

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Their hands were all placed
in a no-fly zone.

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They asked me for my advice.

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I thought for a moment
and then said the following.

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"You must stand down."

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I told them that our troops
needed a much-deserved break.

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Finally a break.
Finally some downtime.

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For the foreseeable future,

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there are
to be no invasions,

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no sending in
military advisors...

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no more using drones
as wedding crashers.

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Instead of sending in the Marines,
my suggestion?

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Send in me.

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I will invade countries
populated by Caucasians

35
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with names I can
mostly pronounce,

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take the things
we need from them,

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and bring it all back home
to the United States of America.

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For we have problems
no army could solve.

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I believe
our government has a responsibility

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to go to the aid of its citizens.

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The life of a Vietnam vet
comes to a tragic end.

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The man was found frozen
to death in his own home...

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After Consumers Energy
turned his natural gas off.

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I've made it clear
that we will hunt down terrorists

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who threaten our country
wherever they are.

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You will find no safe haven.

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Our enemies
are innovative and resourceful,

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and so are we.

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They never stop thinking
about new ways

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to harm our country
and our people

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and neither do we.

52
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This country will hunt down terrorists

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and bring them to justice.

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- On your face!
- No! Let me go!

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The rule of law,
not the law of the jungle,

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governs the conduct of nations.

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Let her go! Let her go!

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One of the things
this country stands for is...

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Put your hand
behind your back.

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- ...freedom.
- I can't breathe. I can't breathe.

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I can't breathe.

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We're disrupting their command
and control and supply lines.

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We're destroying their facilities
and infrastructure

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that fund their operations.

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We cannot save
all the world's children,

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but we can save many of them.

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Some school districts
are asking parents

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to buy toilet paper
for the upcoming school year.

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Our troops will have
the best possible support

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in the entire world.

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Banks illegally foreclosed

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on nearly 5,000 service members
while they were fighting abroad.

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We destroyed a threat

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and locked a tyrant
in the prison of his own country.

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I've been in prison almost 42 years

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for something I didn't do.

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I spent my 20s, my 30s, my 40s

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and nearly all of my 50s
in prison.

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Should the day come
when we Americans

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remain silent in the face
of armed aggression...

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A doctor in the middle
of the abortion debate

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was gunned down in the church lobby
while serving as an usher.

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...then the cause of freedom
will have been lost.

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We will not hesitate
to use our military might

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to defend our allies
and our way of life.

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Hands up, don't shoot.

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I hitched a ride
aboard the U.S.S. Ronald Reagan

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and made my way
to my first target--

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the country of Italy.

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It was time...

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to invade.

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Have you ever noticed that Italians

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always look like
they just had sex?

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Meet Gianni
and Cristina Fancelli,

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two working-class Italians.

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Gianni is a cop

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and Cristina orders clothes
for department stores.

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It was my first encounter
with the enemy.

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They led me to their compound

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where they wouldn't shut up
about where they had gone on vacation.

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We usually plan one week
during the winter...

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and then the first week
of June...

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- Right.
- ...because it's our anniversary.

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Okay.

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Then three weeks in August.

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Okay.

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'Cause in Italy,
during the month of August

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is usually, like,
a shutdown.

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And are you paid
for these weeks?

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Yeah, sure,
because every year

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we usually have,
like, 30, 35 days

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of, you know, holiday.

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- Paid holiday, yeah.
- We don't pay.

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So, wait, that's five days a week--
that's seven weeks.

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Plus, we have
the national holidays.

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How many are there of those?

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- Dodici.
- 12? 12 days.

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So that's another week or two.

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Ah, each city
has a saint patron.

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Patron saint, yeah.

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- It's a city holiday.
- You're paid for this date?

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- Yes.
- Yes.

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And when you get married,

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you have 15 days more.

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Yeah.

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- 15-- wait a minute.
- 15.

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When you get married,
you have 15 days' paid holiday?

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- To go on honeymoon.
- To pay for your honeymoon?

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- Yes.
- They pay for your honeymoon?

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Yes.

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Eight weeks' paid vacation.

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In December, we have
an additional salary in Italy.

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- Most-- I think everybody.
- What's additional mean?

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We call it 13th
because 12 months.

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So we have the 13th salary
in December.

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- Wait a minute. Wait a minute.
- Yes.

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You get this 13th month,

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this imaginary month
that you didn't work...

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- Yes.
- ...and then you get--

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Another salary
during the month of December.

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00:08:01,690 --> 00:08:04,610
Like, what, 10% more?
20?

142
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No, no, a full salary.

143
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So you get two months' pay
for one month of work?

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Yes.

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Why?

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Your regular pay
is to pay the monthly bills.

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What money do you have left over
to go on vacation?

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That's the way
the Italians see it.

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What good's a vacation
if you can't afford to go on it?

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If you don't use
all those days,

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the following year, you still have
the vacation of the previous year.

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- Wait a minute.
- So you don't lose that.

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- No, no, that's not true.
- It's true.

154
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No, that's not true.

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Tell him, tell him
how many days you have.

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- 80 days.
- You have 80 days in the bank?

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In the holiday bank.

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He would like
to do more, of course.

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Of course.

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But how do companies
make any money

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if they pay all this
to their employees?

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I approached the owner
of a multimillion-dollar

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clothing manufacturer,
the Lardini Company,

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who makes men's fashions
for brands like Dolce & Gabbana,

165
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Burberry, and Versace.

166
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Do you mind
paying your employees

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for all this time off?

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And stress causes a lot of sickness.

169
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So, do you get sick very often?

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No.

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Italians have one of the highest
life expectancies in the world.

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They live four years longer
than the average American.

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Yes, it's lunchtime at Lardini.

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But they're not getting in their cars
to drive to the vending machine

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or the takeout window.

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They're going home,
like they do every day,

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for a nice, relaxing two-hour lunch.

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Do you come home
every day for lunch?

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I continued my invasion of Italy

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00:10:57,282 --> 00:11:00,911
by going to the Ducati
motorcycle company.

181
00:11:01,078 --> 00:11:03,872
Agreeing to meet with me
for a possible surrender

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was the C.E.O. of Ducati,
Claudio Domenicali.

183
00:11:08,877 --> 00:11:11,338
There is the very end
of the assembly line.

184
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You call this an assembly line?

185
00:11:14,049 --> 00:11:16,259
The line is hardly moving.

186
00:11:16,426 --> 00:11:18,512
- It's moving very, very slow.
- Very slow.

187
00:11:18,679 --> 00:11:20,681
The C.E.O. explained to me
that his workers

188
00:11:20,847 --> 00:11:23,558
have numerous weeks
of paid vacation,

189
00:11:23,725 --> 00:11:27,396
including other benefits,
as well as a strong union.

190
00:11:29,231 --> 00:11:32,693
He saw no problem
with any of this.

191
00:11:32,859 --> 00:11:36,571
We really feel that we are
being rewarded by this,

192
00:11:36,738 --> 00:11:38,740
because the people
are very committed.

193
00:11:38,907 --> 00:11:41,868
There is no clash
between the profit of the company

194
00:11:42,035 --> 00:11:44,538
and the well-being of the people.

195
00:11:44,705 --> 00:11:47,708
"There is no clash
between the profit of the company

196
00:11:47,874 --> 00:11:49,251
and the well-being of the people."

197
00:11:49,418 --> 00:11:50,460
Yes.

198
00:11:50,627 --> 00:11:54,673
He explained that by paying
a good wage with good benefits,

199
00:11:54,840 --> 00:11:57,092
the company still made
a healthy profit.

200
00:11:59,636 --> 00:12:03,056
Here we go again.
You know what that means.

201
00:12:03,223 --> 00:12:06,226
It's lunchtime, I-talian style.

202
00:12:06,393 --> 00:12:09,771
Grown men eating vegetables
and smiling?

203
00:12:14,234 --> 00:12:15,861
What kind of factory was this?

204
00:12:16,027 --> 00:12:18,488
All the fine benefits
these workers have--

205
00:12:18,655 --> 00:12:22,784
vacation, a wonderful lunch--

206
00:12:22,951 --> 00:12:24,077
how did this come about?

207
00:12:36,631 --> 00:12:39,259
Is it still a struggle?

208
00:12:50,437 --> 00:12:52,606
It's the system
that's part of the welfare, no?

209
00:12:52,773 --> 00:12:54,441
- Yeah, the social welfare.
- Yeah, of course--

210
00:12:54,608 --> 00:12:56,526
Welfare's a bad word
in the United States...

211
00:12:56,693 --> 00:12:58,612
- Okay.
- ...with certain conservative people.

212
00:12:58,779 --> 00:13:00,739
They don't like that word, welfare.

213
00:13:00,906 --> 00:13:02,407
- Here, it's not bad.
- It's not a bad word.

214
00:13:02,574 --> 00:13:03,950
- For whatever reason.
- It's a good word.

215
00:13:04,117 --> 00:13:05,494
Yeah, it's a good word.
Of course, you pay more--

216
00:13:05,660 --> 00:13:06,828
You take care
of the welfare of the people.

217
00:13:06,995 --> 00:13:08,747
You take more-- you pay
more taxes for that.

218
00:13:08,914 --> 00:13:09,998
Uh-huh.
You mind that?

219
00:13:10,165 --> 00:13:14,127
Because when you pay something
and you get something back...

220
00:13:14,294 --> 00:13:15,712
- Yeah?
- That's okay, you know?

221
00:13:15,879 --> 00:13:18,965
I asked the Lardini family
if they felt the same.

222
00:13:19,132 --> 00:13:22,385
You, the boss, C.E.O.,
if you did it the American way,

223
00:13:22,552 --> 00:13:26,181
you could make more money
and have more for yourselves.

224
00:13:47,869 --> 00:13:49,204
And you agree
with your sisters?

225
00:13:49,371 --> 00:13:50,497
Yes.

226
00:13:54,084 --> 00:13:56,419
He says that many Italians--

227
00:13:56,586 --> 00:14:00,173
that the dream of Italian people
is to come to America.

228
00:14:00,340 --> 00:14:01,508
To United States.

229
00:14:01,675 --> 00:14:04,761
Maybe they don't know
how it works there.

230
00:14:06,555 --> 00:14:07,722
Yeah, you know
what the law says in America?

231
00:14:07,889 --> 00:14:09,641
If you come to America,
for paid vacation,

232
00:14:09,808 --> 00:14:12,060
you know how many paid weeks
you get by law?

233
00:14:12,227 --> 00:14:13,311
- No.
- Zero.

234
00:14:13,478 --> 00:14:17,232
- Zero?
- Yes, zero.

235
00:14:17,399 --> 00:14:18,817
Zero.

236
00:14:20,902 --> 00:14:22,737
I'm serious.

237
00:14:22,904 --> 00:14:25,240
So, would you think twice now
about living in America,

238
00:14:25,407 --> 00:14:27,742
knowing that you get
zero paid weeks' vacation?

239
00:14:27,909 --> 00:14:29,744
Zero. It's zero.
Zero.

240
00:14:29,911 --> 00:14:33,039
Their law does not mandate
a paid vacation for anybody.

241
00:14:33,206 --> 00:14:36,585
So, if you decide to go on holiday,
you're not paid for that days?

242
00:14:36,751 --> 00:14:37,794
- So, it's--
- That is correct.

243
00:14:37,961 --> 00:14:39,880
Now, if you have a good union,

244
00:14:40,046 --> 00:14:43,300
you may have a contract that says
you get two weeks' paid vacation.

245
00:14:43,466 --> 00:14:45,677
- In a year?
- In a year. That would be good.

246
00:14:45,844 --> 00:14:47,596
- Two weeks would be a good--
- So, two weeks is a good--

247
00:14:47,762 --> 00:14:49,264
- A good job.
- Wow.

248
00:14:49,431 --> 00:14:51,808
- Three would be awesome.
- Ah.

249
00:14:51,975 --> 00:14:53,351
If you have that kind of job.

250
00:14:53,518 --> 00:14:55,645
I don't know anybody
with four weeks' paid vacation, frankly.

251
00:14:55,812 --> 00:14:56,897
I don't know.

252
00:14:57,063 --> 00:14:59,024
Zero paid weeks guaranteed.
Zero.

253
00:15:16,750 --> 00:15:19,336
I see what's going on here.

254
00:15:19,502 --> 00:15:22,005
First comes eight weeks
of vacation sex

255
00:15:22,172 --> 00:15:23,506
and then comes...

256
00:15:26,468 --> 00:15:30,430
You have five months
of maternity leave.

257
00:15:30,597 --> 00:15:32,390
Five months?
Are you paid for this?

258
00:15:32,557 --> 00:15:35,101
- Yes, sure.
- What do you mean, "Yes, sure"?

259
00:15:35,268 --> 00:15:36,353
You act as if I--

260
00:15:36,519 --> 00:15:39,481
It's something that for us
is very natural.

261
00:15:39,648 --> 00:15:40,732
What about the dad?

262
00:15:40,899 --> 00:15:42,567
I think one or the other can--

263
00:15:42,734 --> 00:15:43,818
Esatto.

264
00:15:43,985 --> 00:15:45,445
It's like a substitution, you know?

265
00:15:45,612 --> 00:15:47,332
But the mother
must take five months?

266
00:15:47,489 --> 00:15:48,657
For sure.

267
00:16:01,503 --> 00:16:06,174
It's true, the whole world
does have paid maternity leave,

268
00:16:06,341 --> 00:16:09,844
except for the two countries
too poor to afford it--

269
00:16:10,011 --> 00:16:13,348
Papua New Guinea
and this place.

270
00:16:16,309 --> 00:16:20,981
Even with the long vacations
and extended lunch breaks,

271
00:16:21,147 --> 00:16:23,566
the U.S. and Italy
are amongst the top 15

272
00:16:23,733 --> 00:16:26,111
most productive countries
in the world.

273
00:16:26,277 --> 00:16:28,613
We work many more hours
than Italians,

274
00:16:28,780 --> 00:16:30,740
but we are not that much more
productive than you.

275
00:16:34,869 --> 00:16:36,705
I believe that's true.

276
00:16:36,871 --> 00:16:39,541
I believe that you are having
more sex here

277
00:16:39,708 --> 00:16:43,336
and because of that you are happier
and you do better at work.

278
00:16:49,175 --> 00:16:51,052
 Volare... 

279
00:16:52,554 --> 00:16:54,222
 Oh, oh... 

280
00:16:56,141 --> 00:16:58,977
I've come to Italy
and I've invaded Italy--

281
00:16:59,144 --> 00:17:00,979
one man, one-man army--

282
00:17:01,146 --> 00:17:05,817
to take the best ideas I can find here,
bring them back to America,

283
00:17:05,984 --> 00:17:08,278
and convince
my fellow Americans

284
00:17:08,445 --> 00:17:11,823
to do some of the things
that the Italians do.

285
00:17:11,990 --> 00:17:14,117
And one of the things
I'm going to take from you

286
00:17:14,284 --> 00:17:18,788
is this concept of giving workers
eight weeks' paid vacation.

287
00:17:21,583 --> 00:17:23,126
Two or three years from now,
they're gonna be known

288
00:17:23,293 --> 00:17:25,920
as American ideas
from that point on,

289
00:17:26,087 --> 00:17:27,756
even though you were
doing it here first.

290
00:17:27,922 --> 00:17:28,965
- Yeah.
- You don't mind?

291
00:17:29,132 --> 00:17:30,508
No mind.
No worries.

292
00:17:30,675 --> 00:17:31,926
I shake your hand for that.

293
00:17:32,093 --> 00:17:33,178
Thank you, sir.

294
00:17:33,344 --> 00:17:35,221
And thank you for being
the first C.E.O.

295
00:17:35,388 --> 00:17:38,433
to meet with me
on a factory floor.

296
00:17:38,600 --> 00:17:40,852
- Big pleasure.
- Yeah, I got my American flag here.

297
00:17:41,019 --> 00:17:43,938
And I'm gonna plant my flag
here at Ducati.

298
00:17:44,105 --> 00:17:45,940
Good. We've got something.

299
00:17:46,107 --> 00:17:48,359
We've got something good
for the United States here.

300
00:17:48,526 --> 00:17:52,655
I'm gonna just plant the American flag
right here in your living room.

301
00:17:52,822 --> 00:17:54,949
- Oh.
- Is that okay?

302
00:17:55,116 --> 00:17:56,117
- Cheers.
- Cheers.

303
00:17:56,284 --> 00:17:57,660
- Salute.
- Salute.

304
00:17:57,827 --> 00:18:01,331
Sure, Italy has its problems,
like all countries,

305
00:18:01,498 --> 00:18:05,376
but my mission is to pick
the flowers, not the weeds.

306
00:18:05,543 --> 00:18:09,297
- We have just one life.
- Right, yeah.

307
00:18:09,464 --> 00:18:11,174
- That's the only one we have.
- We're not coming back.

308
00:18:11,341 --> 00:18:13,635
And we have to enjoy it.

309
00:18:13,802 --> 00:18:17,597
 Your love has given me wings... 

310
00:18:33,279 --> 00:18:35,615
- I am French.
- Ooh.

311
00:18:35,782 --> 00:18:36,825
You say you're French?

312
00:18:36,991 --> 00:18:38,034
Oui.

313
00:18:38,201 --> 00:18:41,412
"We"?
No, we are not French.

314
00:18:41,579 --> 00:18:44,040
We're American
'cause you're in America.

315
00:18:44,207 --> 00:18:46,417
Okay?
Greatest country on the planet.

316
00:18:46,584 --> 00:18:48,211
Well, what have you
given the world

317
00:18:48,378 --> 00:18:52,757
apart from George Bush, Cheerios,
and the ThighMaster?

318
00:18:52,924 --> 00:18:54,843
- Chinese food.
- Chinese food.

319
00:18:55,009 --> 00:18:56,094
That's from China.

320
00:18:56,261 --> 00:18:58,638
- Pizza.
- Italy.

321
00:18:58,805 --> 00:19:01,349
- Chimichanga.
- Mexico.

322
00:19:01,516 --> 00:19:03,685
Really, smarty-pants?
What did Frenchland give us?

323
00:19:03,852 --> 00:19:08,356
We invented democracy,
existentialism,

324
00:19:08,523 --> 00:19:09,899
and the blowjob.

325
00:19:10,066 --> 00:19:12,485
Those are three pretty good things.

326
00:19:16,406 --> 00:19:18,158
Yes, there was all that,

327
00:19:18,324 --> 00:19:22,162
but there was something else
we could steal from France.

328
00:19:22,328 --> 00:19:26,332
As usual, the French
offered little resistance.

329
00:19:29,127 --> 00:19:32,130
So, I entered a small village
in rural Normandy

330
00:19:32,297 --> 00:19:34,924
and went to one of the finest kitchens
in the country

331
00:19:35,091 --> 00:19:38,011
to see how they prepare
a gourmet meal.

332
00:19:38,178 --> 00:19:43,391
By my standards, it was a three,
maybe a four-star kitchen.

333
00:19:43,558 --> 00:19:47,437
It was definitely
the best place to eat in town.

334
00:19:47,604 --> 00:19:50,899
It was the school cafeteria.

335
00:20:19,052 --> 00:20:21,763
I only had
one year of French in school.

336
00:20:21,930 --> 00:20:23,973
Would you like to hear
my first lesson in French?

337
00:20:24,140 --> 00:20:27,060
- Yes.
- Ahem.

338
00:20:45,161 --> 00:20:47,497
The French love their cheese

339
00:20:47,664 --> 00:20:50,041
and they eat a lot of it.

340
00:20:50,208 --> 00:20:53,211
Chef Montignac
had dozens of types of cheese

341
00:20:53,378 --> 00:20:55,964
right here
in the school refrigerator.

342
00:21:01,636 --> 00:21:03,638
I showed the kids
what I used to do at their age

343
00:21:03,805 --> 00:21:08,977
when the lunch lady served us
what she called Thursday Surprise.

344
00:21:09,143 --> 00:21:12,438
The American way.
Didn't take long to get this going.

345
00:21:19,946 --> 00:21:22,156
Once a month,
the school chef gets together

346
00:21:22,323 --> 00:21:23,950
with city and school officials

347
00:21:24,117 --> 00:21:27,370
and a dietician
to go over the daily menu.

348
00:21:31,833 --> 00:21:33,543
Why is the mayor's office
concerned

349
00:21:33,710 --> 00:21:38,089
with what is being served
in the school cafeteria?

350
00:21:44,679 --> 00:21:47,849
See, here in France,
lunchtime isn't just 20 minutes

351
00:21:48,016 --> 00:21:50,852
where you have to stuff your face
as fast as you can.

352
00:21:51,019 --> 00:21:53,563
They consider lunch a class.

353
00:21:53,730 --> 00:21:58,651
A full hour where you learn
how to eat in a civilized manner,

354
00:21:58,818 --> 00:22:02,113
enjoy healthy food,
and serve each other.

355
00:22:03,948 --> 00:22:06,534
And, yes, drink water.

356
00:22:07,535 --> 00:22:09,829
Lots of water.

357
00:22:09,996 --> 00:22:12,540
Mm, water.

358
00:22:14,959 --> 00:22:17,837
They don't stand in a long line
waiting for a bunch of slop

359
00:22:18,004 --> 00:22:20,298
on their plastic
or Styrofoam tray.

360
00:22:21,924 --> 00:22:24,802
Wow, actual real china.

361
00:22:26,888 --> 00:22:29,098
Yeah.

362
00:22:31,684 --> 00:22:33,770
The chefs bring the food to them.

363
00:22:35,021 --> 00:22:37,106
Scallops with a curry sauce.

364
00:22:39,942 --> 00:22:42,070
Wow, and-- and with carrots?

365
00:22:43,946 --> 00:22:45,031
Oh, okay.

366
00:22:45,198 --> 00:22:47,825
And this was just the appetizer.

367
00:22:49,202 --> 00:22:51,079
C'est bon.

368
00:22:51,245 --> 00:22:52,288
French fries.

369
00:22:52,455 --> 00:22:53,539
Oh, oui.

370
00:22:55,750 --> 00:22:57,543
Two times a year
you'll have French fries.

371
00:22:57,710 --> 00:23:00,254
But French is in the wording.

372
00:23:00,421 --> 00:23:03,216
I couldn't find a single
vending machine in the school,

373
00:23:03,383 --> 00:23:05,927
so I smuggled in some contraband.

374
00:23:06,094 --> 00:23:08,262
- Do you drink Coca-Cola?
- No.

375
00:23:08,429 --> 00:23:10,807
You don't-- no?
No Coca-Cola? No?

376
00:23:10,973 --> 00:23:13,726
Coca-Cola? You don't drink--
you don't drink Coca-Cola?

377
00:23:13,893 --> 00:23:16,646
No?
Nobody drinks Coca-Cola?

378
00:23:16,813 --> 00:23:18,064
No.

379
00:23:18,231 --> 00:23:21,150
Here, try this.
Try this.

380
00:23:21,317 --> 00:23:23,277
- No.
- No.

381
00:23:23,444 --> 00:23:25,405
Want to try Coca-Cola?

382
00:23:42,463 --> 00:23:45,133
- It tastes good.
- It's what?

383
00:23:45,299 --> 00:23:46,968
Pretty good.

384
00:23:47,135 --> 00:23:49,387
It's okay?

385
00:23:49,554 --> 00:23:52,140
All right, tell me how you feel
in 15 minutes.

386
00:23:56,727 --> 00:23:58,438
How about a sloppy joe?

387
00:23:58,604 --> 00:24:00,314
Jamais. Never.

388
00:24:00,481 --> 00:24:01,761
- Never?
- Not at all.

389
00:24:01,816 --> 00:24:03,985
On this day,
the children were being served

390
00:24:04,152 --> 00:24:07,447
lamb skewers and chicken
over couscous.

391
00:24:07,613 --> 00:24:11,075
A four-course meal
that included a cheese course

392
00:24:11,242 --> 00:24:12,952
and dessert.

393
00:24:13,119 --> 00:24:15,121
Here's something
I had never seen before.

394
00:24:15,288 --> 00:24:19,250
When does a kid
share his ice cream?

395
00:24:19,417 --> 00:24:21,002
Come on,
you've had a Whopper.

396
00:24:21,169 --> 00:24:24,672
You've snuck somewhere
sometime in your life and had a Whopper.

397
00:24:27,467 --> 00:24:30,303
Well, you haven't lived
till you've had a Whopper.

398
00:24:30,470 --> 00:24:32,346
What's for lunch?

399
00:24:32,513 --> 00:24:34,348
The daughter
of one of our crew members

400
00:24:34,515 --> 00:24:37,018
is a high school student
near Boston.

401
00:24:37,185 --> 00:24:39,228
When she heard we were
filming a school lunch,

402
00:24:39,395 --> 00:24:40,980
she started sending
her mother pictures

403
00:24:41,147 --> 00:24:43,524
of what her school lunch
looked like.

404
00:24:43,691 --> 00:24:47,111
This is what American children
eat for lunch.

405
00:24:50,031 --> 00:24:51,231
Okay, yes,
that looks familiar.

406
00:24:54,869 --> 00:24:56,537
Does that look good to you?

407
00:24:56,704 --> 00:24:58,414
- No.
- No.

408
00:24:59,749 --> 00:25:01,417
We don't know what's inside this.

409
00:25:03,377 --> 00:25:05,097
No, no, no, no.

410
00:25:07,715 --> 00:25:09,884
Yeah.
I know, it's like I'm showing you

411
00:25:10,051 --> 00:25:12,595
photographs
on an episode of "C.S.I." here.

412
00:25:12,762 --> 00:25:15,640
Uh...

413
00:25:17,850 --> 00:25:21,771
You know it's bad
when the French pity you.

414
00:25:21,938 --> 00:25:25,191
What's even more remarkable
is that Chef Montignac

415
00:25:25,358 --> 00:25:27,485
spends less per lunch
than we do

416
00:25:27,652 --> 00:25:30,446
in our schools
in the United States.

417
00:25:30,613 --> 00:25:34,283
And this public school
is not in a wealthy area.

418
00:25:34,450 --> 00:25:37,411
In fact, I got ahold
of a copy of the menu

419
00:25:37,578 --> 00:25:41,165
from one of the poorest schools
in one of the poorest towns in France,

420
00:25:41,332 --> 00:25:44,418
and this is what
they're eating this month.

421
00:25:44,585 --> 00:25:47,171
A filet of cod in a dill sauce.

422
00:25:47,338 --> 00:25:48,631
Fennel and beef stew.

423
00:25:48,798 --> 00:25:49,966
Moussaka.

424
00:25:50,132 --> 00:25:53,177
And a choice between
a caramel or vanilla flan.

425
00:25:53,344 --> 00:25:55,930
Not to mention
there's at least one cheese option

426
00:25:56,097 --> 00:25:58,516
every single day.

427
00:25:58,683 --> 00:26:01,852
It seemed almost unbelievable
that this country,

428
00:26:02,019 --> 00:26:04,855
which provides
free health care for its people,

429
00:26:05,022 --> 00:26:07,441
nearly free day care,
also makes sure

430
00:26:07,608 --> 00:26:11,279
that the school lunches
are fit for a king.

431
00:26:11,445 --> 00:26:16,117
I had to ask myself,
how do the French afford all of this?

432
00:26:16,284 --> 00:26:20,037
Europe, for the past four decades,
has been raising taxes.

433
00:26:20,204 --> 00:26:21,872
Very high income taxes.

434
00:26:22,039 --> 00:26:24,458
- Some higher taxes.
- They're sick of the high taxes.

435
00:26:24,625 --> 00:26:26,961
Gérard Depardieu said,
"No more!

436
00:26:27,128 --> 00:26:28,379
I'm outta here."

437
00:26:28,546 --> 00:26:30,381
Here's how much
the average working American

438
00:26:30,548 --> 00:26:33,217
pays in income
and social security taxes.

439
00:26:33,384 --> 00:26:36,220
And those taxes get us
the basic services--

440
00:26:36,387 --> 00:26:41,934
police, fire, roads, water, war,
and bank bailouts.

441
00:26:42,101 --> 00:26:45,521
And here's what the average
French worker pays in taxes.

442
00:26:45,688 --> 00:26:47,189
A little more than we do.

443
00:26:47,356 --> 00:26:49,025
And for paying
just a little bit more,

444
00:26:49,191 --> 00:26:51,277
they, too,
get the basic services,

445
00:26:51,444 --> 00:26:55,323
but they also get
all this extra stuff.

446
00:26:55,489 --> 00:26:57,491
We can get some of that stuff, too,

447
00:26:57,658 --> 00:26:59,577
but we have to pay extra.

448
00:26:59,744 --> 00:27:03,372
And when we pay extra,
we don't call it a tax.

449
00:27:03,539 --> 00:27:07,752
We call it tuition and day care fees

450
00:27:07,918 --> 00:27:09,920
and the nursing home bill

451
00:27:10,087 --> 00:27:15,509
and copays and deductibles
and on and on and on.

452
00:27:15,676 --> 00:27:18,804
We don't call them taxes,
but they are,

453
00:27:18,971 --> 00:27:22,433
and we pay a whole lot more
than the French.

454
00:27:22,600 --> 00:27:25,519
One more thing--
every French paycheck

455
00:27:25,686 --> 00:27:30,858
has a detailed list of where their taxes
are going, line by line.

456
00:27:31,025 --> 00:27:32,818
This is what our paycheck
looks like.

457
00:27:32,985 --> 00:27:34,987
Other than Social Security
and Medicare,

458
00:27:35,154 --> 00:27:37,198
it doesn't say a damn thing.

459
00:27:37,365 --> 00:27:39,700
Maybe if we saw where
our income taxes were going,

460
00:27:39,867 --> 00:27:42,536
we wouldn't let Congress
spend nearly 60% of it

461
00:27:42,703 --> 00:27:44,372
on this.

462
00:27:50,169 --> 00:27:53,881
But the French aren't fighters,
they're lovers.

463
00:27:54,048 --> 00:27:58,552
 Sweetheart,
Pepé Le Pew loves you... 

464
00:27:58,719 --> 00:28:01,722
And if there's one thing
the French know how to do right,

465
00:28:01,889 --> 00:28:05,685
it's passion and desire.

466
00:28:05,851 --> 00:28:09,188
But where do you learn
something like that?

467
00:28:31,752 --> 00:28:33,629
Magical moment?

468
00:28:33,796 --> 00:28:36,048
I thought the whole point of sex ed
when I was in school

469
00:28:36,215 --> 00:28:38,384
was to scare us
from ever having any.

470
00:28:38,551 --> 00:28:42,263
Now, you took a risk by doing something
that society condemns.

471
00:28:42,430 --> 00:28:46,267
Perhaps you didn't realize
some of the penalties involved syphilis.

472
00:28:46,434 --> 00:28:48,519
Syphilis?

473
00:28:52,231 --> 00:28:53,774
Oui?

474
00:28:57,111 --> 00:28:59,363
Yeah, but what about abstinence?

475
00:29:11,959 --> 00:29:14,253
Too risky?
What does she mean by that?

476
00:29:14,420 --> 00:29:16,630
A small high school in West Texas

477
00:29:16,797 --> 00:29:18,507
that does not offer sex education

478
00:29:18,674 --> 00:29:20,926
is dealing with an STD outbreak.

479
00:29:21,093 --> 00:29:25,055
A significant rise in STDs
among Utah teens.

480
00:29:25,222 --> 00:29:27,057
Parents can always
preach abstinence,

481
00:29:27,224 --> 00:29:29,351
but teens, we know,
don't always listen.

482
00:29:29,518 --> 00:29:31,438
- A chlamydia outbreak.
- Chlamydia.

483
00:29:31,479 --> 00:29:32,521
Chlamydia.

484
00:29:32,688 --> 00:29:34,482
Why does Texas continue

485
00:29:34,648 --> 00:29:37,568
with abstinence
education programs

486
00:29:37,735 --> 00:29:39,153
when they don't seem
to be working?

487
00:29:39,320 --> 00:29:41,238
In fact, I think we have
the third highest teen pregnancy rate

488
00:29:41,405 --> 00:29:42,615
in the country,
among all the states.

489
00:29:42,782 --> 00:29:44,533
Abstinence works.

490
00:29:44,700 --> 00:29:46,911
But we are the third highest
teen pregnancy--

491
00:29:47,077 --> 00:29:48,287
we have the third highest

492
00:29:48,454 --> 00:29:50,998
teen pregnancy rate
among all states in the country.

493
00:29:51,165 --> 00:29:53,459
The questioner's point is
it doesn't seem to be working.

494
00:29:53,626 --> 00:29:57,838
I'm gonna tell you
from my own personal life,

495
00:29:58,005 --> 00:30:00,591
abstinence works.

496
00:30:05,846 --> 00:30:07,848
The teen pregnancy rate
in the United States

497
00:30:08,015 --> 00:30:10,059
is more than twice
France's rate,

498
00:30:10,226 --> 00:30:12,228
more than six times Germany's,

499
00:30:12,394 --> 00:30:14,730
and more than seven times
than the Swiss.

500
00:30:18,275 --> 00:30:20,653
Yes, education.

501
00:30:20,820 --> 00:30:23,113
I grabbed a copy
of their high school textbook,

502
00:30:23,280 --> 00:30:25,741
"Lovemaking is Fun,
Volume 1,"

503
00:30:25,908 --> 00:30:28,786
packed up a few
of their school lunches...

504
00:30:32,331 --> 00:30:35,835
and hopped aboard
what they call a train

505
00:30:36,001 --> 00:30:40,840
to a country that really was
number one in education.

506
00:30:42,466 --> 00:30:45,177
Finland is ranked at
or near the top

507
00:30:45,344 --> 00:30:48,806
of having the best-educated
students in the world.

508
00:30:48,973 --> 00:30:54,228
Which left everyone wondering,
"Really? Finland?"

509
00:30:55,646 --> 00:30:59,400
These are the people who gave us
the air guitar championship...

510
00:30:59,567 --> 00:31:02,236
Hello? Hello?

511
00:31:02,403 --> 00:31:05,406
...and the sports
of cell phone throwing

512
00:31:05,573 --> 00:31:07,074
and wife carrying.

513
00:31:10,077 --> 00:31:14,415
These are the geniuses
that cracked the code to good education?

514
00:31:14,582 --> 00:31:16,917
I mean, how is it
that the kids in Finland

515
00:31:17,084 --> 00:31:19,420
are ahead
of the rest of the world?

516
00:31:20,796 --> 00:31:22,590
So, here's what happened.

517
00:31:22,756 --> 00:31:25,050
Back in the day,
Finland's schools sucked

518
00:31:25,217 --> 00:31:27,094
on the level that ours suck on.

519
00:31:27,261 --> 00:31:29,013
When they tested the world's kids,

520
00:31:29,179 --> 00:31:31,765
both Finland and us
were usually about the same,

521
00:31:31,932 --> 00:31:34,727
you know, somewhere down
the list of nations.

522
00:31:34,894 --> 00:31:37,187
But Finland didn't like that,

523
00:31:37,354 --> 00:31:39,231
so they tried some new ideas

524
00:31:39,398 --> 00:31:43,152
and, in no time, Finland shot
to the top of the world.

525
00:31:43,319 --> 00:31:45,946
Their students were number one.

526
00:31:48,574 --> 00:31:50,993
How did they do that?

527
00:31:51,160 --> 00:31:54,496
That was the one question
I wanted an answer to.

528
00:31:54,663 --> 00:31:58,292
And I went straight to see
the enemy's minister of education.

529
00:31:58,459 --> 00:32:03,047
Before I could say anything,
she blurted out their top secret.

530
00:32:03,213 --> 00:32:04,715
They do not have homework.

531
00:32:07,134 --> 00:32:09,178
Wait, so you reduced
the homework you give them at school?

532
00:32:09,345 --> 00:32:10,429
Yes, yes.

533
00:32:10,596 --> 00:32:13,891
They should have more time
to be kids,

534
00:32:14,058 --> 00:32:15,498
to be youngsters, to enjoy the life.

535
00:32:18,354 --> 00:32:20,314
How many hours of homework
did you get last night?

536
00:32:20,439 --> 00:32:22,274
About 10 minutes or something.

537
00:32:22,441 --> 00:32:24,001
- 10 minutes of homework?
- Yeah.

538
00:32:24,026 --> 00:32:26,820
- Maybe 15 minutes or 20 minutes.
- 20 minutes.

539
00:32:26,987 --> 00:32:28,187
- 20 minutes?
- Not much. Yeah.

540
00:32:28,238 --> 00:32:30,032
Well, if I would've
done the homework,

541
00:32:30,199 --> 00:32:33,285
I think it would've been
like 10 minutes, tops.

542
00:32:33,452 --> 00:32:37,581
Usually I don't really
do homework that much.

543
00:32:37,748 --> 00:32:41,794
The whole term "homework"

544
00:32:41,961 --> 00:32:44,838
is kind of obsolete, I think.

545
00:32:45,005 --> 00:32:47,424
- In that way--
- Moore: Homework is obsolete?

546
00:32:47,591 --> 00:32:50,844
Yeah, yeah.
In that way that these kids,

547
00:32:51,011 --> 00:32:54,765
they have a lot of other things
to do after school.

548
00:32:54,932 --> 00:32:57,935
- Like what?
- Like being together,

549
00:32:58,102 --> 00:33:02,147
like being with family,
like doing sports,

550
00:33:02,314 --> 00:33:05,025
like playing music,
like reading.

551
00:33:05,192 --> 00:33:06,235
So they have no homework.

552
00:33:06,402 --> 00:33:08,153
What if all they want to do
is climb a tree?

553
00:33:08,320 --> 00:33:09,613
They could climb a tree, yeah.

554
00:33:09,780 --> 00:33:11,865
They can climb a tree.
Then they learned how to climb a tree.

555
00:33:12,032 --> 00:33:14,952
But they'll end up,
while climbing the tree,

556
00:33:15,119 --> 00:33:16,879
probably finding out
about different insects,

557
00:33:17,037 --> 00:33:18,539
and they can come
to school next day,

558
00:33:18,706 --> 00:33:21,458
tell me about what they found.

559
00:33:21,625 --> 00:33:23,002
Compared to the older kids,
how many hours a day

560
00:33:23,168 --> 00:33:24,837
do the younger ones
go to school?

561
00:33:26,755 --> 00:33:29,883
Mondays, three hours,
Tuesdays, four hours.

562
00:33:30,050 --> 00:33:32,469
It varies.
It's 20 hours a week.

563
00:33:32,636 --> 00:33:34,972
So they're-- oh, man.

564
00:33:35,139 --> 00:33:38,142
Now, does this three or four hours
of school include the lunch hour?

565
00:33:38,308 --> 00:33:39,893
Yes.

566
00:33:40,060 --> 00:33:41,103
How are they learning anything?

567
00:33:41,270 --> 00:33:42,590
How are you
getting anything done?

568
00:33:42,730 --> 00:33:46,400
Your brain has to-- it has to relax
every now and then.

569
00:33:46,567 --> 00:33:50,904
If you just constantly work, work, work,
then you stop learning.

570
00:33:51,071 --> 00:33:54,158
And there's no use of doing that
for a longer period of time.

571
00:33:54,324 --> 00:33:57,202
Finland's students
have the shortest school days

572
00:33:57,369 --> 00:34:02,249
and the shortest school years
in the entire Western world.

573
00:34:02,416 --> 00:34:05,836
They do better
by going to school less.

574
00:34:06,003 --> 00:34:08,422
Yay!

575
00:34:08,589 --> 00:34:10,424
How many languages
do you speak?

576
00:34:10,591 --> 00:34:13,093
English, yeah, Swedish,
Spanish.

577
00:34:13,260 --> 00:34:15,095
Finnish and Swedish.

578
00:34:15,262 --> 00:34:17,097
Finnish, English, and German.

579
00:34:17,264 --> 00:34:19,892
- French, German.
- Finnish and English.

580
00:34:20,059 --> 00:34:24,104
- English.
- Swedish and French and Spanish.

581
00:34:27,107 --> 00:34:28,867
So, you were
an exchange student in the U.S.?

582
00:34:28,942 --> 00:34:30,694
- Yeah.
- When you got back here in school,

583
00:34:30,861 --> 00:34:33,614
what did you notice
that you felt relieved about?

584
00:34:33,781 --> 00:34:36,742
No more multiple choice exams.
They--

585
00:34:36,909 --> 00:34:41,246
- No multiple choice exams here?
- Or very few of them, if any.

586
00:34:41,413 --> 00:34:43,791
- Really?
- 'Cause all of my exams in the U.S.--

587
00:34:43,957 --> 00:34:45,709
How do you answer the question right
if it isn't listed

588
00:34:45,876 --> 00:34:47,795
as one of the four choices?

589
00:34:47,961 --> 00:34:49,801
- You write your answer.
- You have to know it.

590
00:34:49,880 --> 00:34:51,465
- You have to know it, actually.
- Yeah.

591
00:34:51,632 --> 00:34:53,832
- You actually have to know it?
- Yeah.

592
00:34:54,635 --> 00:34:58,764
If there was one thing I heard
over and over again from the Finns,

593
00:34:58,931 --> 00:35:03,727
it was that America should stop
teaching to a standardized test.

594
00:35:03,894 --> 00:35:06,939
- Get rid of those standardized tests.
- National testing.

595
00:35:07,106 --> 00:35:09,483
- The standardized tests.
- The "standardizized testings."

596
00:35:09,650 --> 00:35:12,027
If what you are teaching your students
is to do well on those tests,

597
00:35:12,194 --> 00:35:13,654
then you're not really
teaching them anything.

598
00:35:13,821 --> 00:35:14,905
No, we are teaching them.

599
00:35:15,072 --> 00:35:16,615
We're teaching them
how to flunk a test

600
00:35:16,782 --> 00:35:19,034
and then a bunch of schools
fail the test

601
00:35:19,201 --> 00:35:21,495
and those schools
are turned into charter schools

602
00:35:21,662 --> 00:35:24,790
and then somebody
makes a lot of money.

603
00:35:24,957 --> 00:35:28,877
But school is about finding
your happiness, finding what--

604
00:35:29,044 --> 00:35:32,589
you know, finding a way to learn
what makes you happy.

605
00:35:33,632 --> 00:35:36,093
They figured out
about one-third of the school time--

606
00:35:36,260 --> 00:35:37,386
the students are in school--

607
00:35:37,553 --> 00:35:40,931
is spent preparing
for the standardized test.

608
00:35:41,098 --> 00:35:43,725
And so they've eliminated
a lot of things that aren't on the test.

609
00:35:43,892 --> 00:35:46,228
So, music is gone,
art is gone, poetry is gone.

610
00:35:46,395 --> 00:35:48,981
- Art is gone?
- Yeah, in many schools.

611
00:35:49,148 --> 00:35:51,483
Civics isn't even on the test,
so now schools are dropping civics.

612
00:35:51,650 --> 00:35:53,026
- Really?
- Yes.

613
00:35:53,193 --> 00:35:55,195
- Civics, American civics.
- Okay.

614
00:35:56,613 --> 00:35:57,698
Unbelievable.

615
00:35:57,865 --> 00:35:59,425
- We got rid of poetry.
- Really?

616
00:35:59,491 --> 00:36:00,701
- Yeah.
- Why?

617
00:36:00,868 --> 00:36:01,910
It's a waste of time.

618
00:36:02,077 --> 00:36:05,706
When are they ever gonna speak
as poets when they're adults?

619
00:36:05,873 --> 00:36:07,958
How does that
help them get a job?

620
00:36:14,673 --> 00:36:17,217
We try to teach them
everything that they need

621
00:36:17,384 --> 00:36:22,097
so that they could actually use
their brain as well as they can,

622
00:36:22,264 --> 00:36:26,852
including PE, including arts,
including music--

623
00:36:27,019 --> 00:36:30,397
anything that can actually
make brain work better.

624
00:36:30,564 --> 00:36:33,233
The children need to be baking,
they should be singing,

625
00:36:33,400 --> 00:36:36,236
they should be doing art
and going on nature walks

626
00:36:36,403 --> 00:36:39,698
and doing all these things
because there's this very short time

627
00:36:39,865 --> 00:36:42,534
that they're allowed
to be children.

628
00:36:47,164 --> 00:36:49,583
If you don't have standardized tests
here in Finland,

629
00:36:49,750 --> 00:36:52,920
how do you know
which schools are the best?

630
00:36:53,086 --> 00:36:54,713
You know, people need a list.

631
00:36:54,880 --> 00:36:57,674
The neighborhood school
is the best school.

632
00:36:57,841 --> 00:37:00,427
It is not different than the school

633
00:37:00,594 --> 00:37:03,722
which can be, for example,
situated in the town center,

634
00:37:03,889 --> 00:37:08,268
because all the schools in Finland,
they are all equal.

635
00:37:08,435 --> 00:37:11,271
When we move to a new city,

636
00:37:11,438 --> 00:37:13,106
we never ask
where the best school is.

637
00:37:13,273 --> 00:37:14,942
It's never a question.

638
00:37:15,108 --> 00:37:17,444
So nobody
has to shop for schools.

639
00:37:17,611 --> 00:37:20,113
There's nothing different
in any of our schools.

640
00:37:20,280 --> 00:37:21,323
They are the same.

641
00:37:21,490 --> 00:37:23,283
It is illegal in Finland

642
00:37:23,450 --> 00:37:26,453
to set up a school
and charge tuition.

643
00:37:26,620 --> 00:37:30,374
That's why, for the most part,
private schools don't exist.

644
00:37:30,540 --> 00:37:33,377
And what that means
is that the rich parents

645
00:37:33,543 --> 00:37:37,673
have to make sure
that the public schools are great.

646
00:37:37,839 --> 00:37:41,969
And by making the rich kids
go to school with everyone else,

647
00:37:42,135 --> 00:37:46,390
they grow up
with those other kids as friends.

648
00:37:46,556 --> 00:37:49,643
And when they become
wealthy adults,

649
00:37:49,810 --> 00:37:52,980
they have to think twice
before they screw them over.

650
00:37:54,356 --> 00:37:56,483
In the United States,
education is a business.

651
00:37:56,650 --> 00:37:58,944
They're corporations making money.

652
00:37:59,111 --> 00:38:04,032
Here, it's so student-centered
that when we had to redo our playground,

653
00:38:04,199 --> 00:38:07,160
they had the architects
come in and talk to the kids.

654
00:38:07,327 --> 00:38:09,538
- Were they listened to?
- Yes, yes.

655
00:38:09,705 --> 00:38:13,917
There are things on our playground
that the students really wanted.

656
00:38:14,084 --> 00:38:16,253
Being in school here
is more independent.

657
00:38:16,420 --> 00:38:18,505
We are treated more like adults
than in the United States.

658
00:38:18,672 --> 00:38:20,007
- Yeah.
- I mean, we don't need a hall pass

659
00:38:20,173 --> 00:38:21,533
to go to the bathroom
during class.

660
00:38:21,633 --> 00:38:22,634
- Yeah.
- Yeah.

661
00:38:22,801 --> 00:38:25,804
And we'll see students
commuting on the subway,

662
00:38:25,971 --> 00:38:30,475
even as young as seven and eight,
going on their own to school.

663
00:38:32,019 --> 00:38:36,523
When I started doing teacher training
practice back in the U.S.,

664
00:38:36,690 --> 00:38:40,527
I was in these certain neighborhoods
teaching these kids

665
00:38:40,694 --> 00:38:44,614
and telling them, "You can be anything
you want to be when you grow up."

666
00:38:46,616 --> 00:38:48,493
This is kind of a lie.

667
00:38:49,786 --> 00:38:52,706
And when I came to Finland,

668
00:38:52,873 --> 00:38:56,209
a lot of my teaching is based
on what the kids want

669
00:38:56,376 --> 00:38:58,587
and what they see for their future,

670
00:38:58,754 --> 00:39:02,257
so it doesn't feel so false
to say, "You can really be

671
00:39:02,424 --> 00:39:05,010
whatever you want to be
when you grow up,"

672
00:39:05,177 --> 00:39:07,721
because they're making it
happen already.

673
00:39:07,888 --> 00:39:10,307
They already have such power.

674
00:39:16,021 --> 00:39:17,773
That's upsetting

675
00:39:17,939 --> 00:39:19,858
to think about that.

676
00:39:20,025 --> 00:39:21,902
That our kids don't have that.

677
00:39:24,488 --> 00:39:26,073
That's really beautiful.

678
00:39:28,784 --> 00:39:31,411
It's not that we have
figured out something

679
00:39:31,578 --> 00:39:33,205
that nobody else has done
in education.

680
00:39:33,372 --> 00:39:34,581
That's wrong.

681
00:39:34,748 --> 00:39:39,586
Many of these things that have made
Finland perform well in education

682
00:39:39,753 --> 00:39:42,422
are initially American ideas.

683
00:39:43,590 --> 00:39:46,426
We try to teach them
to think for themselves

684
00:39:46,593 --> 00:39:48,970
and to be critical
to what they're learning.

685
00:39:49,137 --> 00:39:53,308
We try to teach them
to be happy person,

686
00:39:53,475 --> 00:39:56,686
to be-- respect others
and respect yourself.

687
00:39:56,853 --> 00:39:58,063
You're concerned
with their happiness.

688
00:39:58,230 --> 00:40:00,310
- Oh, yeah.
- What the hell do you teach?

689
00:40:00,399 --> 00:40:01,733
I teach math.

690
00:40:01,900 --> 00:40:04,540
So the math teacher says--
the first thing out of your mouth

691
00:40:04,653 --> 00:40:07,280
of what you wanted these students
to get out of school

692
00:40:07,447 --> 00:40:10,283
was to be happy,
have a happy life.

693
00:40:10,450 --> 00:40:12,035
Yep.

694
00:40:12,202 --> 00:40:14,413
- And you're the math teacher?
- Yep.

695
00:40:14,579 --> 00:40:17,290
When do they have
their time to play

696
00:40:17,457 --> 00:40:20,127
and socialize
with their friends

697
00:40:20,293 --> 00:40:23,422
and grow as human beings?

698
00:40:23,588 --> 00:40:28,385
'Cause there's so much more life
around than just school.

699
00:40:28,552 --> 00:40:29,928
You want them to play?

700
00:40:30,095 --> 00:40:32,639
I want children to play.

701
00:40:32,806 --> 00:40:36,184
And that was the principal.

702
00:40:36,351 --> 00:40:39,229
I'm planting the American flag
right here in the middle of your school

703
00:40:39,396 --> 00:40:41,815
and claiming
this great idea for us.

704
00:40:41,982 --> 00:40:43,525
Thanks for stealing it.

705
00:40:43,692 --> 00:40:46,069
Yeah, that's how we roll.

706
00:40:46,236 --> 00:40:47,904
- All right.
- I'm just saying.

707
00:40:50,407 --> 00:40:54,077
So after getting
a great K-12 education,

708
00:40:54,244 --> 00:40:57,038
where do you go next?

709
00:40:57,205 --> 00:41:01,460
Deep in the heart
of the eastern slopes of the Alps

710
00:41:01,626 --> 00:41:06,256
is the home of Rapunzel
and Sleeping Beauty--

711
00:41:06,423 --> 00:41:08,091
Slovenia.

712
00:41:08,258 --> 00:41:11,511
Not Slovakia, Slovenia.

713
00:41:11,678 --> 00:41:15,974
Actually, much of Slovenia's mail
gets missent to Slovakia,

714
00:41:16,141 --> 00:41:18,477
but that's not why I'm here.

715
00:41:18,643 --> 00:41:21,771
Slovenia is a magical fairyland

716
00:41:21,938 --> 00:41:24,858
home to the rarest
of mythical creatures--

717
00:41:25,025 --> 00:41:28,695
a college student with no debt.

718
00:41:28,862 --> 00:41:30,363
How much debt
do you have here, being a student?

719
00:41:30,530 --> 00:41:32,032
None.

720
00:41:32,199 --> 00:41:34,951
- None.
- It's free.

721
00:41:35,118 --> 00:41:38,330
Slovenia is one
of dozens of countries

722
00:41:38,497 --> 00:41:42,417
where it is essentially free
to go to university.

723
00:41:44,044 --> 00:41:46,213
Do you have any debts?

724
00:41:46,379 --> 00:41:47,839
No.

725
00:41:48,006 --> 00:41:49,246
Do you know what I mean
by debt?

726
00:41:49,341 --> 00:41:51,176
- Not really.
- No?

727
00:41:51,343 --> 00:41:56,014
Debt is, um, when you owe other people
a whole lot of money.

728
00:41:56,181 --> 00:41:58,225
- Ah. We don't have it.
- No, we don't have any. No.

729
00:41:58,391 --> 00:42:00,769
No. No.

730
00:42:00,936 --> 00:42:03,230
- Nothing?
- Nothing.

731
00:42:03,396 --> 00:42:07,067
I did find one student with debt.

732
00:42:07,234 --> 00:42:10,111
I actually moved here four years ago
to finish my education

733
00:42:10,278 --> 00:42:13,156
'cause I couldn't afford
to go to CU Boulder anymore.

734
00:42:13,323 --> 00:42:14,923
- Really?
- University of Colorado, yeah.

735
00:42:14,950 --> 00:42:18,370
- Yeah.
- I still owe the government $7,000.

736
00:42:18,537 --> 00:42:20,914
- So, what do you pay here now?
- I don't pay anything.

737
00:42:21,081 --> 00:42:22,415
- Nothing?
- No.

738
00:42:22,582 --> 00:42:24,822
You're an American?
Why'd you decide to come here?

739
00:42:24,876 --> 00:42:28,588
I couldn't even afford
to finish community college.

740
00:42:28,755 --> 00:42:30,924
So, then I found out
the situation in Slovenia.

741
00:42:31,091 --> 00:42:33,176
I had never heard
anything like that before,

742
00:42:33,343 --> 00:42:34,886
- school being so cheap.
- Did you even know where Slovenia was?

743
00:42:35,053 --> 00:42:36,930
No, I had no idea
where Slovenia was.

744
00:42:37,097 --> 00:42:39,766
Yeah, but, seriously, what kind
of education are you getting here?

745
00:42:39,933 --> 00:42:41,935
- It's miles better.
- Really?

746
00:42:42,102 --> 00:42:44,437
Yeah, it's not even comparable.

747
00:42:44,604 --> 00:42:45,981
It's like high school here
is more difficult

748
00:42:46,147 --> 00:42:49,109
than American
undergraduate work.

749
00:42:49,276 --> 00:42:52,445
How do you say in Slovenian,
"Any American student can come here

750
00:42:52,612 --> 00:42:54,406
and go to university for free?"

751
00:42:56,992 --> 00:42:59,703
Wait a minute. Slow, slow.

752
00:43:04,416 --> 00:43:05,856
Do you use
the regular alphabet here?

753
00:43:06,001 --> 00:43:07,502
A-B-C-D-E-F-G?

754
00:43:07,669 --> 00:43:08,753
Yes, we do.

755
00:43:10,630 --> 00:43:12,799
- We have 26, right?
- One less, yeah.

756
00:43:12,966 --> 00:43:14,968
Which one did you cut out?

757
00:43:16,803 --> 00:43:20,807
Did you cut out "W" while Bush
was president or was that before?

758
00:43:20,974 --> 00:43:22,017
I'm just curious.

759
00:43:22,183 --> 00:43:23,703
No, it's not--
it's from the beginning.

760
00:43:23,852 --> 00:43:25,353
It's from the beginning.
It has nothing to do with Bush.

761
00:43:25,520 --> 00:43:27,105
- No, nothing.
- Okay, all right.

762
00:43:27,272 --> 00:43:30,483
Luckily, the University
of Ljubljana in Slovenia

763
00:43:30,650 --> 00:43:35,655
offers nearly 100 courses of study
that are taught in English.

764
00:43:35,822 --> 00:43:37,662
Why do they do that?
You're a foreigner.

765
00:43:37,782 --> 00:43:41,202
I mean, it's-- their tax dollars
are paying for you.

766
00:43:41,369 --> 00:43:45,457
Well, I think-- the thing is that here,
education is really seen

767
00:43:45,624 --> 00:43:47,224
as something
that's really a public good,

768
00:43:47,334 --> 00:43:52,005
and the issue is once you start charging
foreign students for education,

769
00:43:52,172 --> 00:43:55,300
you automatically open up the idea
that you can charge everyone.

770
00:43:55,467 --> 00:43:57,385
And as soon as anyone
starts paying tuition,

771
00:43:57,552 --> 00:44:01,014
the entire idea of "free university
for everyone" is under threat.

772
00:44:03,516 --> 00:44:07,187
That changes the nature
of school being a public good.

773
00:44:07,354 --> 00:44:10,106
A while back,
the government of Slovenia

774
00:44:10,273 --> 00:44:14,069
decided it was time
to start charging students tuition.

775
00:44:14,235 --> 00:44:16,529
That sent a shock wave
through the country

776
00:44:16,696 --> 00:44:18,698
and the students responded.

777
00:44:26,373 --> 00:44:30,043
We organized
a protest against that law.

778
00:44:30,210 --> 00:44:33,380
We spent nine months meeting
with the minister for education,

779
00:44:33,546 --> 00:44:35,590
with the heads
of the universities.

780
00:44:35,757 --> 00:44:39,594
We managed to delay the law
long enough

781
00:44:39,761 --> 00:44:41,971
for the government
to eventually collapse.

782
00:44:42,138 --> 00:44:45,016
Wait a minute. An organization
that's got 40 to 50 active members...

783
00:44:45,183 --> 00:44:47,894
- Yes.
- ...and you helped to bring down

784
00:44:48,061 --> 00:44:49,562
- the government...
- That's right.

785
00:44:49,729 --> 00:44:51,815
- ...and force a new election?
- That's right.

786
00:44:51,981 --> 00:44:54,359
That's amazing.
That's an amazing story.

787
00:44:54,526 --> 00:44:56,569
Here's what students do

788
00:44:56,736 --> 00:45:00,740
when the government tries to fleece them
in countries like Canada...

789
00:45:00,907 --> 00:45:05,870
...Germany, France,

790
00:45:06,037 --> 00:45:09,874
Finland, and Norway.

791
00:45:11,835 --> 00:45:16,381
And here's what happens each time
there's a tuition hike in the U.S.

792
00:45:22,262 --> 00:45:24,222
I would like to give you
a small present to memorize...

793
00:45:24,389 --> 00:45:27,267
- Oh, thank you.
- ...your visit to the university.

794
00:45:27,434 --> 00:45:30,311
Here, there's a very strong tradition
of lace-making.

795
00:45:30,478 --> 00:45:31,896
- Of lace-making?
- Lace-making.

796
00:45:32,063 --> 00:45:34,733
But this is a metal lace.

797
00:45:34,899 --> 00:45:37,444
No man has ever given me
a gift of lace before,

798
00:45:37,610 --> 00:45:39,779
so thank you for this.

799
00:45:41,906 --> 00:45:44,492
The idea
of making college free

800
00:45:44,659 --> 00:45:47,829
and not sending 22-year-olds
into a debtors' prison...

801
00:45:50,165 --> 00:45:53,501
was something I could definitely
take back to the United States.

802
00:45:53,668 --> 00:45:57,172
I asked for a meeting
with the president of Slovenia.

803
00:45:57,338 --> 00:46:00,425
And, strangely enough,
they gave me one.

804
00:46:00,592 --> 00:46:03,011
- How are you today? Welcome.
- Thank you.

805
00:46:03,178 --> 00:46:04,179
- How are you?
- It's such a pleasure.

806
00:46:04,345 --> 00:46:06,931
No, it's an honor to meet you.
Thank you for seeing me.

807
00:46:18,151 --> 00:46:20,737
The president
was happy to meet with me,

808
00:46:20,904 --> 00:46:23,364
but he ordered my crew
out of the room

809
00:46:23,531 --> 00:46:27,202
because he did not want
any witnesses to his surrender.

810
00:46:52,060 --> 00:46:54,562
Thank you so much.

811
00:47:00,193 --> 00:47:02,487
See how easy that was?

812
00:47:02,654 --> 00:47:03,863
Success.

813
00:47:04,030 --> 00:47:09,410
No casualties, no P.T.S.D.,
no Dick Cheney.

814
00:47:09,577 --> 00:47:13,748
Just me walking away
with something better than oil.

815
00:47:13,915 --> 00:47:16,376
I've just met with
the President of Slovakia...

816
00:47:16,543 --> 00:47:18,336
...and he has surrendered

817
00:47:18,503 --> 00:47:20,171
to the United States.

818
00:47:20,338 --> 00:47:22,340
I have invaded your country,
essentially,

819
00:47:22,507 --> 00:47:24,884
to take this incredible idea

820
00:47:25,051 --> 00:47:28,054
that all college
should be free for everyone.

821
00:47:28,221 --> 00:47:29,889
Thank you.

822
00:47:31,683 --> 00:47:35,436
Germany.

823
00:47:40,984 --> 00:47:43,278
With no student loans to pay off,

824
00:47:43,444 --> 00:47:45,822
imagine then going
into the real world

825
00:47:45,989 --> 00:47:50,410
and getting a job where you
only work 36 hours a week,

826
00:47:50,577 --> 00:47:52,829
but got paid for 40,

827
00:47:52,996 --> 00:47:58,126
a place where you can still find
a thriving middle class,

828
00:47:58,293 --> 00:48:02,505
even amongst people
who make pencils.

829
00:48:06,634 --> 00:48:08,314
We are producing pencils.

830
00:48:08,469 --> 00:48:09,762
- Pencils?
- It's still a good business.

831
00:48:09,929 --> 00:48:11,264
- We start in 17-- still, yes.
- Still?

832
00:48:11,431 --> 00:48:12,515
Even with computers
and everything?

833
00:48:12,682 --> 00:48:13,842
They're still buying pencils.

834
00:48:13,933 --> 00:48:15,653
And, by the way, last year
was the best year

835
00:48:15,810 --> 00:48:18,646
in producing pencils
in Germany ever.

836
00:48:18,813 --> 00:48:20,293
Where are the pencil factories?

837
00:48:20,398 --> 00:48:22,609
The pencil factory is this here,
around us.

838
00:48:22,775 --> 00:48:24,319
- Right behind us?
- Yeah, yeah, those factories.

839
00:48:24,485 --> 00:48:26,362
No, no, no, no.
These aren't factories.

840
00:48:26,529 --> 00:48:29,741
- They have windows.
- What do you mean, windows?

841
00:48:29,908 --> 00:48:31,409
Factories don't have windows.

842
00:48:31,576 --> 00:48:33,494
Doch.
Of course we have windows.

843
00:48:33,661 --> 00:48:35,288
They must have good light.

844
00:48:35,455 --> 00:48:36,539
What do they need sunlight for?

845
00:48:36,706 --> 00:48:38,124
They're just making pencils.

846
00:48:38,291 --> 00:48:39,334
Yeah, but good pencils

847
00:48:39,500 --> 00:48:41,502
and also to feel better,
not to get sick.

848
00:48:41,669 --> 00:48:45,298
Because if you have workers who are ill,
then you have problems.

849
00:48:45,465 --> 00:48:47,258
We don't want that.

850
00:48:49,469 --> 00:48:50,637
I opened a door...

851
00:48:50,803 --> 00:48:52,013
Hello.

852
00:48:52,180 --> 00:48:54,515
...and found something
that was missing in America.

853
00:48:54,682 --> 00:48:56,100
The middle class.

854
00:48:56,267 --> 00:48:57,507
What's everybody doing in here?

855
00:49:00,480 --> 00:49:01,856
You're on a break?

856
00:49:02,023 --> 00:49:04,859
You only work
36 hours a week as it is!

857
00:49:06,653 --> 00:49:09,364
How many of you
have a second or third job?

858
00:49:10,990 --> 00:49:13,743
Nobody.

859
00:49:15,370 --> 00:49:17,080
You're laughing
like that's a funny idea.

860
00:49:28,299 --> 00:49:31,177
You leave here at 2:00 PM.
You're home at 2:30.

861
00:49:31,344 --> 00:49:33,262
What do you do
with all this free time?

862
00:49:37,308 --> 00:49:39,560
And do what?

863
00:49:39,727 --> 00:49:41,270
- Nothing.
- Nothing?

864
00:49:56,911 --> 00:49:59,247
In Germany, work is work.

865
00:49:59,414 --> 00:50:03,751
And when work is over,
work is done.

866
00:50:03,918 --> 00:50:06,129
In fact, they're so concerned
that the workplace

867
00:50:06,295 --> 00:50:08,756
has created so much stress

868
00:50:08,923 --> 00:50:11,926
that under the German
universal health care system,

869
00:50:12,093 --> 00:50:16,764
any stressed-out German can get
their doctor to write a prescription

870
00:50:16,931 --> 00:50:20,101
for a free three-week stay
at a spa.

871
00:50:44,959 --> 00:50:47,754
You don't have to cook,
you don't have to wash.

872
00:50:47,920 --> 00:50:51,466
I need time for me.
I need more time for my children.

873
00:50:51,632 --> 00:50:55,303
We have massage,
gymnastics, then we go to the pool

874
00:50:55,470 --> 00:50:56,721
and we eat healthy.

875
00:50:56,888 --> 00:50:58,431
It's very yummy.

876
00:50:58,598 --> 00:51:00,478
I don't understand
why the government does this.

877
00:51:00,641 --> 00:51:03,561
Because it's cheaper.
In the long run, it's cheaper.

878
00:51:03,728 --> 00:51:06,355
Definitely.
To prevent worse sickness.

879
00:51:06,522 --> 00:51:07,648
Mm-hmm. Yeah.

880
00:51:07,815 --> 00:51:10,318
So, it makes sense
to pay before.

881
00:51:10,485 --> 00:51:11,903
And what about the kids also?

882
00:51:12,070 --> 00:51:14,489
Yeah, well,
some kids get massage and--

883
00:51:14,655 --> 00:51:17,325
- The kids get massage?
- Yeah, yep.

884
00:51:17,492 --> 00:51:19,160
Yeah.

885
00:51:19,327 --> 00:51:22,455
- We really like it.
- We are in paradise here.

886
00:51:31,047 --> 00:51:34,884
If everybody takes
a little bit care of the neighbor,

887
00:51:35,051 --> 00:51:37,345
life is more easy for everyone.

888
00:51:37,512 --> 00:51:40,014
It's just common sense.

889
00:51:47,188 --> 00:51:48,948
One of the reasons
that German workers

890
00:51:49,107 --> 00:51:52,193
have all this free time
and other benefits

891
00:51:52,360 --> 00:51:55,279
is because they have power.

892
00:51:55,446 --> 00:51:56,656
Real power.

893
00:51:56,823 --> 00:52:02,036
It's a law that companies
have to have a supervisory board

894
00:52:02,203 --> 00:52:06,374
which consists
50% representatives

895
00:52:06,541 --> 00:52:08,960
from the workers' side.

896
00:52:09,127 --> 00:52:10,628
That's right.

897
00:52:10,795 --> 00:52:14,298
Not a token worker on the board.

898
00:52:14,465 --> 00:52:18,386
Half of these boards are workers.

899
00:52:20,179 --> 00:52:24,058
And one of the good things about having
workers with power on the board

900
00:52:24,225 --> 00:52:26,435
is that when the company
breaks the law...

901
00:52:26,602 --> 00:52:27,687
End of the road.

902
00:52:27,854 --> 00:52:29,564
Volkswagen, the world's
largest automaker,

903
00:52:29,730 --> 00:52:32,650
was busted for cheating
its way around the law.

904
00:52:32,817 --> 00:52:36,737
...the workers make sure
the company is prosecuted.

905
00:52:36,904 --> 00:52:41,200
That's why companies
listen to the workers.

906
00:52:41,367 --> 00:52:43,744
We ask our employees,
"What can we do better?"

907
00:52:43,911 --> 00:52:46,414
Why? You're in charge.
You're management.

908
00:52:46,581 --> 00:52:48,207
Just tell them what to do.

909
00:52:48,374 --> 00:52:50,668
They observe what we are doing

910
00:52:50,835 --> 00:52:52,879
and they make proposals,
what we can do better.

911
00:52:53,045 --> 00:52:55,256
Do you ever adopt
any of the workers' proposals?

912
00:52:55,423 --> 00:52:57,967
Yes, of course.
We do it regularly.

913
00:52:58,134 --> 00:53:00,595
- Of course.
- Why? Just to keep them happy, or...?

914
00:53:00,761 --> 00:53:02,221
No, no, they have good ideas.

915
00:53:02,388 --> 00:53:04,599
- They have good ideas?
- They have good ideas.

916
00:53:04,765 --> 00:53:06,142
- They know--
- You don't really mean that.

917
00:53:06,309 --> 00:53:08,019
Of course.
It's true.

918
00:53:08,186 --> 00:53:09,770
You're just saying that
'cause the camera's on.

919
00:53:09,937 --> 00:53:12,064
No, no, no. They are so important
and so intelligent.

920
00:53:12,231 --> 00:53:14,817
Believe me, it's--
it's the key to success.

921
00:53:14,984 --> 00:53:18,112
We know that the more
you give people a say,

922
00:53:18,279 --> 00:53:20,823
the more they help
the company to win.

923
00:53:20,990 --> 00:53:24,577
The latest area that
German workers have advocated for

924
00:53:24,744 --> 00:53:27,622
is how they're to be treated
during their free time

925
00:53:27,788 --> 00:53:29,624
when they're not at work.

926
00:53:29,790 --> 00:53:33,127
It is against the law in Germany
to contact an employee

927
00:53:33,294 --> 00:53:36,297
while he or she is on vacation.

928
00:53:36,464 --> 00:53:39,133
And now many companies in Germany
have adopted the rule

929
00:53:39,300 --> 00:53:44,805
that the company cannot send an e-mail
to employees after work.

930
00:53:44,972 --> 00:53:47,099
At Mercedes,
the company's computers

931
00:53:47,266 --> 00:53:51,771
will block any boss who tries
to bother an employee at home.

932
00:53:55,191 --> 00:53:58,819
Employees have
the right not to answer e-mails,

933
00:53:58,986 --> 00:54:04,700
and bosses are not supposed
to intervene on the weekends

934
00:54:04,867 --> 00:54:08,579
or in the vacation or after
normal working hours a day

935
00:54:08,746 --> 00:54:11,666
into the private spheres
of employees.

936
00:54:11,832 --> 00:54:14,085
Ah!

937
00:54:14,252 --> 00:54:17,797
No, the Germans
don't want to interfere

938
00:54:17,964 --> 00:54:19,882
with your private sphere.

939
00:54:20,049 --> 00:54:23,302
But things weren't always
like this in Germany.

940
00:54:23,469 --> 00:54:27,807
Here in Nuremberg,
they didn't just make pencils.

941
00:54:27,974 --> 00:54:30,977
They made documentaries.

942
00:56:15,373 --> 00:56:18,918
My duty is to make a future

943
00:56:19,085 --> 00:56:21,796
without such things.

944
00:56:21,962 --> 00:56:26,634
To make everything that
this is never possible again.

945
00:56:26,801 --> 00:56:28,219
Or to do everything.

946
00:56:31,138 --> 00:56:35,309
Every day in Germany,
in every school,

947
00:56:35,476 --> 00:56:40,231
they teach the young
what their predecessors did.

948
00:56:40,398 --> 00:56:42,149
We had the chance
to meet survivors

949
00:56:42,316 --> 00:56:44,527
and they told us their stories.

950
00:56:44,693 --> 00:56:47,363
And, yeah,
you can't forget it.

951
00:56:48,989 --> 00:56:50,825
They don't whitewash it.

952
00:56:50,991 --> 00:56:53,702
They don't pretend
it didn't happen.

953
00:56:53,869 --> 00:56:57,331
They don't say,
"Hey, that was before my time.

954
00:56:57,498 --> 00:56:59,500
What's this got to do with me?

955
00:56:59,667 --> 00:57:01,669
I didn't kill anyone."

956
00:57:03,170 --> 00:57:05,131
I just adopted
the German nationality,

957
00:57:05,297 --> 00:57:09,969
and I think by my adopting
the German nationality,

958
00:57:10,136 --> 00:57:13,180
I have to adopt the history
of Germans, too,

959
00:57:13,347 --> 00:57:16,642
and also feel responsible
for the things a German did

960
00:57:16,809 --> 00:57:18,144
because I'm German, too.

961
00:57:19,937 --> 00:57:22,690
They treat it as their original sin,

962
00:57:22,857 --> 00:57:25,860
a permanent mark
on their collective German soul,

963
00:57:26,026 --> 00:57:29,029
one for which they must always
seek redemption

964
00:57:29,196 --> 00:57:33,868
and make reparation
and never forget.

965
00:57:35,953 --> 00:57:38,706
And they can't forget,

966
00:57:38,873 --> 00:57:43,377
because outside of their homes
on the sidewalk

967
00:57:43,544 --> 00:57:46,130
are little engravings
that remind them

968
00:57:46,297 --> 00:57:48,466
of the name
of the Jewish family

969
00:57:48,632 --> 00:57:50,968
that used to live in this house,

970
00:57:51,135 --> 00:57:53,387
but was taken away and killed.

971
00:57:56,557 --> 00:57:59,351
Local artists
have installed around town

972
00:57:59,518 --> 00:58:02,897
the "Jews Forbidden" signs
from the 1930s...

973
00:58:09,195 --> 00:58:11,238
...to remind today's generation

974
00:58:11,405 --> 00:58:16,076
that to be German isn't just
about Beethoven and Bach...

975
00:58:17,786 --> 00:58:21,457
but also about
genocide and evil.

976
00:58:22,917 --> 00:58:25,169
What would our signs look like?

977
00:58:38,265 --> 00:58:40,809
What would our classes teach

978
00:58:40,976 --> 00:58:43,395
if we wanted to teach our young

979
00:58:43,562 --> 00:58:47,024
the whole story
of what it means to be American?

980
00:58:48,776 --> 00:58:51,612
What reparations
would we make?

981
00:58:52,988 --> 00:58:57,576
Have we truly changed?

982
00:58:57,743 --> 00:59:03,415
Until 2015, the United States
never had a museum of slavery.

983
00:59:04,625 --> 00:59:07,127
Why do we hide from our sins?

984
00:59:08,295 --> 00:59:10,631
The first step to recovery,

985
00:59:10,798 --> 00:59:15,135
the first step to being a better person
or a better country

986
00:59:15,302 --> 00:59:20,558
is to be able to just stand up
and honestly say who and what you are.

987
00:59:22,393 --> 00:59:24,645
"I am an American.

988
00:59:24,812 --> 00:59:29,567
I live in a great country
that was born in genocide

989
00:59:29,733 --> 00:59:32,820
and built on the backs of slaves."

990
00:59:38,492 --> 00:59:41,328
If there's one thing we should
steal from the Germans,

991
00:59:41,495 --> 00:59:44,748
it's the idea that if you
acknowledge your dark side

992
00:59:44,915 --> 00:59:47,001
and make amends for it,

993
00:59:47,167 --> 00:59:51,130
you can free yourself
to be a better people

994
00:59:51,297 --> 00:59:53,757
and to do well by others.

995
00:59:55,175 --> 00:59:58,804
If they can do it,
surely we can.

996
01:00:38,761 --> 01:00:42,139
My invasion across Europe
continued.

997
01:00:42,306 --> 01:00:45,684
The next stop was Portugal,

998
01:00:45,851 --> 01:00:49,647
the country that helped
to bring slavery to the Americas.

999
01:00:49,813 --> 01:00:53,609
After a few hundred years,
they gave up the slave trade,

1000
01:00:53,776 --> 01:00:56,362
but they kept the slaves' drums.

1001
01:01:00,532 --> 01:01:04,536
Somehow, the Portuguese
had caught wind of my invasion.

1002
01:01:10,918 --> 01:01:13,128
But of course this was May Day,

1003
01:01:13,295 --> 01:01:16,882
a celebration of workers
held all over the world.

1004
01:01:17,049 --> 01:01:20,177
In some countries,
it's a day off work.

1005
01:01:20,344 --> 01:01:22,805
But not in the United States.

1006
01:01:39,613 --> 01:01:41,949
Portugal, like most countries,

1007
01:01:42,116 --> 01:01:44,660
had a war on drugs.

1008
01:01:44,827 --> 01:01:49,123
And, like most countries,
they were losing that war.

1009
01:01:49,289 --> 01:01:51,959
So they decided to try
something new.

1010
01:01:54,628 --> 01:01:56,868
It's my understanding
that you don't arrest people

1011
01:01:56,922 --> 01:01:59,299
for using drugs anymore.

1012
01:01:59,466 --> 01:02:00,926
No?

1013
01:02:01,093 --> 01:02:05,055
Heroin? Pot? Meth?
Pills? Nothing?

1014
01:02:06,306 --> 01:02:08,183
If I told you I had cocaine
on me right now,

1015
01:02:08,350 --> 01:02:09,977
you wouldn't do anything?

1016
01:02:11,103 --> 01:02:12,980
- No? Okay.
- No.

1017
01:02:13,147 --> 01:02:16,650
Officers, I have cocaine
in my pocket.

1018
01:02:16,817 --> 01:02:19,570
A whole bunch of it.

1019
01:02:19,737 --> 01:02:22,823
Sorry, ahem, allergies.

1020
01:02:25,033 --> 01:02:27,995
I found my way to the offices
of Portugal's...

1021
01:02:28,162 --> 01:02:30,789
well, I don't know
what they call this guy.

1022
01:02:30,956 --> 01:02:32,875
I guess he's some sort
of drug czar.

1023
01:02:33,041 --> 01:02:35,169
Nuno Capaz.

1024
01:02:35,335 --> 01:02:36,837
You know, you look like a drug user.

1025
01:02:37,004 --> 01:02:39,757
Yeah, people told me that before.
I know that.

1026
01:02:39,923 --> 01:02:42,426
It's-- well, it helps me relate to them,
so I'm okay with that.

1027
01:02:42,593 --> 01:02:44,219
- You don't care?
- I don't care. No, not really.

1028
01:02:44,386 --> 01:02:46,013
Right.
Are you a drug user?

1029
01:02:46,180 --> 01:02:48,223
Yes, I am.
Yes, I am.

1030
01:02:48,390 --> 01:02:49,475
What drugs do you use?

1031
01:02:49,641 --> 01:02:54,980
Well, mostly alcohol,
Internet, a lot of coffee,

1032
01:02:55,147 --> 01:02:58,192
some sugar,
sex, occasionally.

1033
01:02:58,358 --> 01:03:01,195
Well, a lot of things
that make me feel good.

1034
01:03:01,361 --> 01:03:04,865
How many people last year
went to prison for using drugs?

1035
01:03:05,032 --> 01:03:06,825
For using drugs?
Zero.

1036
01:03:06,992 --> 01:03:08,869
How many people went to prison
two years ago for using drugs?

1037
01:03:09,036 --> 01:03:10,329
- Zero.
- Five years ago?

1038
01:03:10,496 --> 01:03:13,540
In the last 15 years,
no one was arrested in Portugal

1039
01:03:13,707 --> 01:03:15,417
because they were caught
using drugs.

1040
01:03:15,584 --> 01:03:16,794
- No one?
- No.

1041
01:03:16,960 --> 01:03:19,630
It's not considered a crime,
so there's no legal possibility

1042
01:03:19,797 --> 01:03:23,133
of someone getting
a jail sentence out of it.

1043
01:03:23,300 --> 01:03:26,929
So, if I had 25 joints on me,
I would be considered a user.

1044
01:03:27,095 --> 01:03:29,807
Mm-hmm, yeah.
Yes.

1045
01:03:29,973 --> 01:03:33,310
Have you had an increase
in drug-related crimes as a result of...

1046
01:03:33,477 --> 01:03:36,563
No. If there's less people using,
there will be less people

1047
01:03:36,730 --> 01:03:38,357
causing troubles
because they are using.

1048
01:03:38,524 --> 01:03:39,566
Okay, wait a minute.

1049
01:03:39,733 --> 01:03:42,694
You're saying that
by decriminalizing all drugs,

1050
01:03:42,861 --> 01:03:47,241
not throwing people in jail,
drug usage went down, not up?

1051
01:03:47,407 --> 01:03:49,076
Mm-hmm.

1052
01:03:50,244 --> 01:03:53,288
Um...

1053
01:03:56,792 --> 01:03:58,312
When you think about drug users,

1054
01:03:58,377 --> 01:04:03,257
everybody thinks about those
small 10% that are causing problems.

1055
01:04:03,423 --> 01:04:05,509
People don't think about
the 90% of people

1056
01:04:05,676 --> 01:04:07,177
that are not causing
any troubles

1057
01:04:07,344 --> 01:04:09,596
although they are using
illicit substances.

1058
01:04:10,597 --> 01:04:13,350
People that are using drugs
might be causing harm...

1059
01:04:13,517 --> 01:04:16,077
Causing harm to themselves,
but not necessarily to others.

1060
01:04:16,103 --> 01:04:17,563
...but not necessarily to others.

1061
01:04:17,729 --> 01:04:19,940
I mean, they may be bringing sadness
to their marriage or their family or...

1062
01:04:20,107 --> 01:04:23,026
So? So does Facebook.

1063
01:04:23,193 --> 01:04:24,820
Are we going to illegalize it?

1064
01:04:26,029 --> 01:04:28,282
See, we think of it the other way.

1065
01:04:28,448 --> 01:04:31,451
By identifying those
who are using and doing drugs,

1066
01:04:31,618 --> 01:04:34,079
we can weed them out.

1067
01:04:34,246 --> 01:04:37,916
- We use that as the crime--
- Is it working?

1068
01:04:38,083 --> 01:04:42,296
Well, actually, it is.

1069
01:04:45,132 --> 01:04:46,675
It's probably just a coincidence,

1070
01:04:46,842 --> 01:04:49,761
but in the 1950s and '60s,

1071
01:04:49,928 --> 01:04:54,391
the Negroes of the United States,
after 400 years of oppression,

1072
01:04:54,558 --> 01:04:58,437
got all uppity and started
demanding their civil rights.

1073
01:04:58,604 --> 01:05:00,814
And they started
to assert their power.

1074
01:05:06,737 --> 01:05:09,489
Our people want an end

1075
01:05:09,656 --> 01:05:11,366
to the living hell

1076
01:05:11,533 --> 01:05:14,161
that drug-pushing has spawned.

1077
01:05:14,328 --> 01:05:16,663
In order to fight
and defeat this enemy,

1078
01:05:16,830 --> 01:05:20,876
it is necessary to wage
a new, all-out offensive.

1079
01:05:21,043 --> 01:05:22,044
- Down.
- On the ground.

1080
01:05:22,210 --> 01:05:23,545
On the ground, man.

1081
01:05:23,712 --> 01:05:24,838
On the ground.

1082
01:05:25,005 --> 01:05:27,591
This is one area where
we cannot have budget cuts.

1083
01:05:27,758 --> 01:05:29,843
Drugs are menacing
our society.

1084
01:05:30,010 --> 01:05:32,971
They're threatening our values
and undercutting our institutions.

1085
01:05:33,138 --> 01:05:34,818
Here's how I think
the history books

1086
01:05:34,890 --> 01:05:38,393
will record all of this
100 years from now.

1087
01:05:38,560 --> 01:05:41,188
"Around the time that the blacks
began to rise up,

1088
01:05:41,355 --> 01:05:45,192
coincidentally, new laws were passed
imposing harsher sentences

1089
01:05:45,359 --> 01:05:48,737
on the drugs that were created
for the 'urban' demographic"...

1090
01:05:48,904 --> 01:05:50,697
See this cute little vial here?

1091
01:05:50,864 --> 01:05:52,491
It's crack, rock cocaine.

1092
01:05:52,658 --> 01:05:54,368
This is crack cocaine.

1093
01:05:54,534 --> 01:05:56,495
..."while the drugs used
in the white community

1094
01:05:56,662 --> 01:05:58,956
resulted in lesser punishments."

1095
01:05:59,122 --> 01:06:01,500
So help me God.

1096
01:06:01,667 --> 01:06:05,837
I experimented with marijuana
a time or two and I didn't like it,

1097
01:06:06,004 --> 01:06:08,256
and didn't inhale,
and never tried it again.

1098
01:06:16,390 --> 01:06:20,227
"Their leaders assassinated,
the uprising grew quiet,

1099
01:06:20,394 --> 01:06:22,229
and over the next four decades,

1100
01:06:22,396 --> 01:06:27,901
the police coincidentally rounded up
millions upon millions of black men,

1101
01:06:28,068 --> 01:06:30,988
stripping from all of them
their right to vote,

1102
01:06:31,154 --> 01:06:33,907
with 35 states
not even letting them vote

1103
01:06:34,074 --> 01:06:36,243
after they get out of prison.

1104
01:06:36,410 --> 01:06:40,580
Which means that in states
like Florida and Virginia,

1105
01:06:40,747 --> 01:06:43,500
one in three black men
cannot vote."

1106
01:06:43,667 --> 01:06:47,587
When we fight drugs,
we fight the war on terror.

1107
01:06:47,754 --> 01:06:49,339
"And the way you get the states

1108
01:06:49,506 --> 01:06:52,426
with the largest percentage
of terrorists

1109
01:06:52,592 --> 01:06:54,302
to become red states

1110
01:06:54,469 --> 01:06:57,139
is by taking away
their right to vote."

1111
01:07:00,600 --> 01:07:02,853
Yes, white America
had inadvertently

1112
01:07:03,020 --> 01:07:06,106
figured out a way
to bring back slavery.

1113
01:07:06,273 --> 01:07:09,735
And master knew
that the way to get rich

1114
01:07:09,901 --> 01:07:13,280
was having all that free labor.

1115
01:07:14,364 --> 01:07:17,200
Today's masters
have found our prisons

1116
01:07:17,367 --> 01:07:20,787
to be the perfect places
to make their products

1117
01:07:20,954 --> 01:07:24,332
for as little as 23 cents an hour.

1118
01:07:25,459 --> 01:07:29,963
Yes, that burger you're eating,
that airline reservation you've made,

1119
01:07:30,130 --> 01:07:34,426
the software you're using to watch
the pirated copy of this movie,

1120
01:07:34,593 --> 01:07:37,637
your child's backpack
with its five hours of homework.

1121
01:07:37,804 --> 01:07:40,807
I always wondered
what Victoria's secret was.

1122
01:07:40,974 --> 01:07:42,476
And now I know.

1123
01:07:42,642 --> 01:07:48,315
It's one of many companies
that have used 21st century slaves.

1124
01:07:51,485 --> 01:07:55,614
It was an act of pure,
mad genius.

1125
01:07:57,657 --> 01:07:59,497
So, what do you do
with your black people here?

1126
01:07:59,618 --> 01:08:00,994
- Do you have black people here?
- Yep.

1127
01:08:01,161 --> 01:08:03,830
And you don't-- you don't have
drug laws to put them in prison.

1128
01:08:03,997 --> 01:08:05,624
No, no.

1129
01:08:05,791 --> 01:08:06,792
Whoa, whoa, whoa, whoa, whoa.

1130
01:08:06,958 --> 01:08:10,128
You're telling me that if you arrested
someone who was black

1131
01:08:10,295 --> 01:08:13,423
for usage of drugs,
they wouldn't go to prison?

1132
01:08:13,590 --> 01:08:15,967
They wouldn't be arrested
in the first place.

1133
01:08:16,134 --> 01:08:18,428
The usage of drugs
is not an excuse

1134
01:08:18,595 --> 01:08:21,473
to arrest anyone in Portugal,
regardless of their color.

1135
01:08:21,640 --> 01:08:23,975
Right, but it's a way
to help control the population,

1136
01:08:24,142 --> 01:08:26,019
if you understand what I'm saying.

1137
01:08:26,186 --> 01:08:28,313
- In the US, we have millions...
- I know.

1138
01:08:28,480 --> 01:08:30,357
...of black, mostly men...

1139
01:08:30,524 --> 01:08:32,067
With a criminal record,
and it's--

1140
01:08:32,234 --> 01:08:33,401
Even though they're out of prison.

1141
01:08:33,568 --> 01:08:34,945
And they can't ever vote again.

1142
01:08:35,112 --> 01:08:38,031
Our prisoners actually vote first.

1143
01:08:38,198 --> 01:08:41,368
I'm here right now
to steal your great idea.

1144
01:08:41,535 --> 01:08:43,829
I'm gonna take it back
to the United States.

1145
01:08:43,995 --> 01:08:48,834
The thing is it won't work
if you just take it there and pfft.

1146
01:08:49,000 --> 01:08:52,129
If you just go there and you just
decriminalize drug usage,

1147
01:08:52,295 --> 01:08:53,547
that's not going to work.

1148
01:08:53,713 --> 01:08:56,299
You have to steal some other good ideas
that we had before.

1149
01:08:56,466 --> 01:08:57,551
Yeah?
Like what?

1150
01:08:57,717 --> 01:09:00,554
A health care system
that is universal and free for all.

1151
01:09:00,720 --> 01:09:03,974
That will increase
the accessibility to treatment.

1152
01:09:04,141 --> 01:09:05,851
So, what you're saying is
it's not just taking back

1153
01:09:06,017 --> 01:09:08,645
the criminalization
part of drugs,

1154
01:09:08,812 --> 01:09:11,022
I am also gonna have
to convince the United States

1155
01:09:11,189 --> 01:09:12,983
to increase treatment,

1156
01:09:13,150 --> 01:09:16,403
basically take the stick out of our ass,
and help people.

1157
01:09:16,570 --> 01:09:17,946
Exactly.

1158
01:09:43,096 --> 01:09:44,576
As we were packing up to leave,

1159
01:09:44,723 --> 01:09:48,310
the Lisbon cops asked
if they could say something directly

1160
01:09:48,476 --> 01:09:51,688
to law enforcement
in the United States.

1161
01:10:08,205 --> 01:10:10,749
- Is against that dignity?
- Yeah.

1162
01:10:10,916 --> 01:10:15,712
And you guys are cops
and this is how you feel?

1163
01:10:15,879 --> 01:10:18,340
I don't know what to say.

1164
01:10:19,799 --> 01:10:22,636
A lot of work to be done, yeah.

1165
01:10:27,641 --> 01:10:29,559
- Thank you.
- Thank you very much.

1166
01:10:56,086 --> 01:10:57,337
And I think in general...

1167
01:11:14,688 --> 01:11:15,855
Yeah.

1168
01:11:16,022 --> 01:11:17,399
Yeah.

1169
01:11:19,067 --> 01:11:22,195
Welcome to the Norwegian
prison system,

1170
01:11:22,362 --> 01:11:27,117
based on the principle
of rehabilitation, not revenge.

1171
01:11:27,284 --> 01:11:28,743
I want to meet prisoners.

1172
01:11:28,910 --> 01:11:30,510
- Yeah, you wanna meet prisoners?
- Yeah.

1173
01:11:30,620 --> 01:11:31,830
You're meeting one now.

1174
01:11:31,997 --> 01:11:33,873
You're-- you're a prisoner,
dressed like this?

1175
01:11:34,040 --> 01:11:35,208
Yes.

1176
01:11:38,712 --> 01:11:43,967
So, this is the house
and in here is the living room.

1177
01:11:44,134 --> 01:11:46,970
It's a nice, okay view.

1178
01:11:49,055 --> 01:11:51,016
And this is my room.

1179
01:11:51,182 --> 01:11:52,559
It's pretty okay.

1180
01:11:52,726 --> 01:11:54,686
Yeah, so, this is your cell.

1181
01:11:54,853 --> 01:11:56,396
Yes.

1182
01:11:56,563 --> 01:11:57,731
Do they lock you in at night?

1183
01:11:57,897 --> 01:12:01,818
No. I am the only one
that has the key for it, so...

1184
01:12:06,990 --> 01:12:08,908
We watch TV,
we can play basketball.

1185
01:12:09,075 --> 01:12:12,620
- Bicycle or running, swimming.
- Fishing.

1186
01:12:12,787 --> 01:12:14,789
Wait a minute.
What do you mean swimming?

1187
01:12:14,956 --> 01:12:16,458
You can swim
to the other side?

1188
01:12:16,624 --> 01:12:18,084
That is not allowed.

1189
01:12:18,251 --> 01:12:19,794
From another side,
you can swim here,

1190
01:12:19,961 --> 01:12:22,172
but you cannot swim from here
to another side.

1191
01:12:22,339 --> 01:12:26,092
Because they call escape.

1192
01:12:26,259 --> 01:12:28,303
- You're in prison for murder.
- Yeah.

1193
01:12:28,470 --> 01:12:31,222
- You killed somebody.
- Yeah.

1194
01:12:31,389 --> 01:12:33,933
I can't help but notice
that right behind you

1195
01:12:34,100 --> 01:12:35,685
are a whole bunch
of very sharp knives.

1196
01:12:35,852 --> 01:12:37,771
Yeah.

1197
01:12:37,937 --> 01:12:39,022
Yes.

1198
01:12:39,189 --> 01:12:41,608
- Nobody here is worried about that?
- No, no.

1199
01:12:41,775 --> 01:12:43,443
- Should I be worried about that?
- No.

1200
01:12:43,610 --> 01:12:45,987
- You're not worried about it.
- I'm not worried about it.

1201
01:12:57,749 --> 01:12:59,793
- I love this.
- Yeah.

1202
01:12:59,959 --> 01:13:02,253
If I could get one of these
to take home,

1203
01:13:02,420 --> 01:13:04,631
I would have ketchup
on everything.

1204
01:13:04,798 --> 01:13:07,175
That is, like, the cool--
look at it, it's still going.

1205
01:13:07,342 --> 01:13:09,552
Yeah.

1206
01:13:09,719 --> 01:13:12,931
In the weekend,
it's four guards at work

1207
01:13:13,098 --> 01:13:14,349
in another building.

1208
01:13:14,516 --> 01:13:16,101
- That's it?
- Yeah, that's it.

1209
01:13:16,267 --> 01:13:18,019
And how many of you
are there here?

1210
01:13:18,186 --> 01:13:21,439
- 115.
- 115 and four guards?

1211
01:13:21,606 --> 01:13:23,149
- Yeah.
- Wow.

1212
01:13:25,485 --> 01:13:27,487
Warden, where's the punishment?

1213
01:13:27,654 --> 01:13:29,447
Where is the punishment?

1214
01:13:29,614 --> 01:13:35,203
The main idea is we're just supposed
to take away their freedom.

1215
01:13:35,370 --> 01:13:37,997
That's the only punishment
we're actually giving them.

1216
01:13:38,164 --> 01:13:40,166
They miss their family,
they miss their friends.

1217
01:13:40,333 --> 01:13:42,001
Right, right.

1218
01:13:42,168 --> 01:13:44,712
But also I think and I hope
when you speak to them,

1219
01:13:44,879 --> 01:13:46,673
they will also feel
that we're trying to help them

1220
01:13:46,840 --> 01:13:48,800
back to the same society.

1221
01:13:48,967 --> 01:13:51,803
You know, this is gonna be very hard
for Americans to see this.

1222
01:13:51,970 --> 01:13:55,682
This looks very strange to understand
why you're doing it,

1223
01:13:55,849 --> 01:13:58,977
why you do
your prison system this way.

1224
01:14:15,034 --> 01:14:17,954
We have to show more love
and affection for each other,

1225
01:14:18,121 --> 01:14:21,374
to take care of each other
in another way.

1226
01:14:21,541 --> 01:14:22,625
- This is the way.
- Yeah.

1227
01:14:22,792 --> 01:14:24,669
This is a sense of life,
you know?

1228
01:14:24,836 --> 01:14:26,254
If we showed a little more
love and affection

1229
01:14:26,421 --> 01:14:27,741
and kindness toward each other...

1230
01:14:27,881 --> 01:14:29,466
Yeah, yeah.

1231
01:14:29,632 --> 01:14:32,343
This is the way.
And this is so important.

1232
01:14:32,510 --> 01:14:35,221
- So important.
- Yeah.

1233
01:14:35,388 --> 01:14:39,559
The U.S. has one of the highest
recidivism rates in the world.

1234
01:14:39,726 --> 01:14:44,063
Nearly 80% of prisoners
are re-arrested within five years.

1235
01:14:44,230 --> 01:14:49,068
Norway has
one of the lowest, at 20%.

1236
01:14:50,987 --> 01:14:55,492
And that was something
I was claiming for the U.S.A.

1237
01:14:55,658 --> 01:14:58,620
Of course, I was visiting
a model prison.

1238
01:14:58,786 --> 01:15:01,789
A place for inmates
who were being rewarded

1239
01:15:01,956 --> 01:15:03,833
for their good behavior.

1240
01:15:06,461 --> 01:15:10,965
I said it wasn't fair to show
the American public their nicest place.

1241
01:15:11,132 --> 01:15:15,386
I wanted to see
a maximum security facility.

1242
01:15:17,096 --> 01:15:19,432
And that's where I went.

1243
01:15:20,600 --> 01:15:23,478
When the prison
first opened in 2010,

1244
01:15:23,645 --> 01:15:25,772
the guards wanted to send
a strong message

1245
01:15:25,939 --> 01:15:27,607
to the new inmates,

1246
01:15:27,774 --> 01:15:30,485
so they made
this orientation video.

1247
01:15:53,841 --> 01:15:56,469
 There comes a time 

1248
01:15:56,636 --> 01:15:59,681
 When we heed a certain call 

1249
01:15:59,847 --> 01:16:05,144
 When the world
must come together as one 

1250
01:16:06,145 --> 01:16:09,440
 There are people dyin' 

1251
01:16:09,607 --> 01:16:12,902
 And it's time to lend a hand 

1252
01:16:13,069 --> 01:16:19,534
 To live, the greatest gift of all 

1253
01:16:19,701 --> 01:16:22,537
 We can't go on 

1254
01:16:22,704 --> 01:16:25,665
 Pretending day by day 

1255
01:16:25,832 --> 01:16:32,171
 That someone somewhere
will soon make a change... 

1256
01:16:32,338 --> 01:16:35,216
Is that braille?
For the blind?

1257
01:16:35,383 --> 01:16:37,010
Yeah.
For the blind, yes, yes.

1258
01:16:37,176 --> 01:16:40,680
It's art.
Modern art.

1259
01:16:41,931 --> 01:16:44,684
You have modern art
throughout the prison here?

1260
01:16:44,851 --> 01:16:47,729
 We are the world 

1261
01:16:47,895 --> 01:16:51,107
 We are the children 

1262
01:16:51,274 --> 01:16:54,027
 We are the ones
who make a brighter day 

1263
01:16:54,193 --> 01:16:58,031
 So let's start givin' 

1264
01:16:58,197 --> 01:17:01,326
 There's a choice we're making 

1265
01:17:01,492 --> 01:17:04,829
 We're saving our own lives 

1266
01:17:04,996 --> 01:17:10,126
 It's true we'll make a better day,
just you and me... 

1267
01:17:11,836 --> 01:17:12,879
How many fights have you been in?

1268
01:17:13,046 --> 01:17:15,590
I have never been in fights,
actually.

1269
01:17:15,757 --> 01:17:17,717
You don't need a knife
to protect yourself with?

1270
01:17:17,884 --> 01:17:19,260
- Oh, no, no, no.
- No?

1271
01:17:19,427 --> 01:17:21,387
- We don't need that.
- No.

1272
01:17:21,554 --> 01:17:23,389
Show me your wounds,
the number of times you've been stabbed.

1273
01:17:23,556 --> 01:17:24,891
- Oh, no, never.
- Never been stabbed.

1274
01:17:25,058 --> 01:17:26,225
I've never been stabbed.

1275
01:17:26,392 --> 01:17:27,560
How many times have you
been beaten up here

1276
01:17:27,727 --> 01:17:29,062
- by other prisoners?
- No, never.

1277
01:17:29,228 --> 01:17:30,563
How many times you've been
raped in the shower?

1278
01:17:30,730 --> 01:17:32,732
Never.
That's not gonna happen

1279
01:17:32,899 --> 01:17:34,139
because you got
your own shower.

1280
01:17:38,071 --> 01:17:39,197
Yeah, here's the bed.

1281
01:17:39,364 --> 01:17:41,699
Mm-kay, that's a bed. TV.

1282
01:17:41,866 --> 01:17:43,910
- Got the flat-screen TV.
- Mm-hmm.

1283
01:17:48,706 --> 01:17:52,085
I'm painting, and besides that,
I'm studying art class, you know.

1284
01:17:52,251 --> 01:17:53,731
You're taking philosophy class?

1285
01:17:53,878 --> 01:17:55,713
I'm gonna have exam
after summer.

1286
01:17:55,880 --> 01:17:59,217
I want to work with community problems
and things like that.

1287
01:17:59,384 --> 01:18:01,886
Maybe politics later on.

1288
01:18:02,053 --> 01:18:03,680
That's not a bad idea.

1289
01:18:03,846 --> 01:18:06,933
Go to prison first,
then become a politician.

1290
01:18:08,685 --> 01:18:10,436
And speaking of politicians,

1291
01:18:10,603 --> 01:18:14,941
as in Portugal,
prisoners in Norway can vote.

1292
01:18:15,108 --> 01:18:17,527
And in order
to get their votes,

1293
01:18:17,694 --> 01:18:20,446
candidates show up
for election debates,

1294
01:18:20,613 --> 01:18:24,158
televised live
from inside the prison.

1295
01:18:30,623 --> 01:18:32,625
I had to keep reminding myself

1296
01:18:32,792 --> 01:18:35,628
this was a maximum
security facility.

1297
01:18:36,796 --> 01:18:39,757
Here, the inmates have keys, too.

1298
01:18:39,924 --> 01:18:42,593
And this inmate was a murderer.

1299
01:18:42,760 --> 01:18:46,431
They had Xboxes and a library

1300
01:18:46,597 --> 01:18:50,518
as nice as any suburban
high school library in the U.S.

1301
01:18:53,396 --> 01:18:55,940
They even had
their own record label

1302
01:18:56,107 --> 01:18:58,443
and a recording studio.

1303
01:19:05,575 --> 01:19:09,996
Music can actually open
a lot of the creativity inside of them.

1304
01:19:10,163 --> 01:19:13,499
And if it's one thing that's said
about the guys here,

1305
01:19:13,666 --> 01:19:16,961
they are very creative
in all sorts of ways.

1306
01:19:23,092 --> 01:19:25,344
They've got their own laundry,

1307
01:19:25,511 --> 01:19:27,472
they've got a pantry,

1308
01:19:27,638 --> 01:19:31,601
and, yes, they've got
their own knives, too.

1309
01:19:31,768 --> 01:19:32,852
Where are your guns?

1310
01:19:33,019 --> 01:19:34,604
- We don't--
- We don't need it.

1311
01:19:34,771 --> 01:19:36,011
- You don't need any guns?
- No.

1312
01:19:36,105 --> 01:19:37,899
We talk to the guys.
That's our weapon.

1313
01:19:38,065 --> 01:19:40,693
- Your weapon is your mouth?
- Yeah.

1314
01:19:40,860 --> 01:19:43,946
When it comes to do the job,
they will do it good, you know,

1315
01:19:44,113 --> 01:19:45,990
because the officers,
they serve you.

1316
01:19:46,157 --> 01:19:48,618
You know,
they're there for you.

1317
01:19:48,785 --> 01:19:50,385
- The guards.
- It's not like in America.

1318
01:19:50,536 --> 01:19:52,296
They're there for--
beat the shit out of you.

1319
01:19:52,413 --> 01:19:55,208
Crawl, motherfucker, crawl!

1320
01:19:55,374 --> 01:19:57,877
This way. Go!

1321
01:19:58,044 --> 01:20:01,088
Get him! Go!

1322
01:20:02,840 --> 01:20:04,967
Don't get bit.
You're gonna get bit.

1323
01:20:05,134 --> 01:20:07,595
Get down and spread!
Get down and spread!

1324
01:20:13,935 --> 01:20:16,771
- Don't move!
- Behave yourselves, behave yourselves.

1325
01:20:31,285 --> 01:20:33,329
This is Trond Blattmann,

1326
01:20:33,496 --> 01:20:35,581
a plumber by trade.

1327
01:20:35,748 --> 01:20:40,711
On July 22nd, 2011,
he lost his 17-year-old son

1328
01:20:40,878 --> 01:20:44,090
when he was murdered
with 54 other teenagers

1329
01:20:44,257 --> 01:20:48,553
on a summer camp island
in a lake in Norway.

1330
01:20:48,719 --> 01:20:52,849
One killer, who espoused
neo-Nazi and racist beliefs,

1331
01:20:53,015 --> 01:20:56,143
not only killed
all of these children,

1332
01:20:56,310 --> 01:20:59,313
but blew up a federal building
in downtown Oslo.

1333
01:21:01,607 --> 01:21:05,152
My son called me
from the island and said,

1334
01:21:05,319 --> 01:21:07,905
"Daddy, Daddy,
there's somebody

1335
01:21:08,072 --> 01:21:11,284
shooting at us on the island.

1336
01:21:11,450 --> 01:21:13,411
What are we gonna do?"

1337
01:21:13,578 --> 01:21:16,058
I had never been on the island,
so I didn't know what he meant,

1338
01:21:16,163 --> 01:21:18,124
and I said, "Are you together
with other people,

1339
01:21:18,291 --> 01:21:19,625
other youngsters? Yes?

1340
01:21:19,792 --> 01:21:23,170
Well, then, hide
and stick together,

1341
01:21:23,337 --> 01:21:24,630
take care of each other,

1342
01:21:24,797 --> 01:21:28,259
and be careful."

1343
01:21:29,427 --> 01:21:31,470
He called me around 5:20

1344
01:21:31,637 --> 01:21:35,057
and he was dead
just past 6:00.

1345
01:21:38,060 --> 01:21:39,520
Do you wish
that your son had a gun

1346
01:21:39,687 --> 01:21:41,647
instead of a cell phone
that day?

1347
01:21:45,443 --> 01:21:50,281
What I wished that he had done
was to swim.

1348
01:21:50,448 --> 01:21:53,284
Because the ones
who swam survived.

1349
01:21:54,535 --> 01:21:56,871
We don't have
death sentences here in Norway,

1350
01:21:57,038 --> 01:21:59,248
so we kind of said,
"That mass murderer,

1351
01:21:59,415 --> 01:22:02,460
he's going to have the same
kind of treatment as everybody else."

1352
01:22:02,627 --> 01:22:05,212
The justice system
is going to judge him

1353
01:22:05,379 --> 01:22:07,256
and he's going to have
his sentence.

1354
01:22:07,423 --> 01:22:08,883
You cared about
whether he had a fair trial.

1355
01:22:09,050 --> 01:22:11,552
- Yeah. Yeah. Yeah.
- You. You yourself.

1356
01:22:11,719 --> 01:22:13,888
But don't you personally
want to kill him?

1357
01:22:14,055 --> 01:22:16,349
- No. No.
- If you had the chance?

1358
01:22:16,515 --> 01:22:17,683
- If you had the chance?
- No.

1359
01:22:17,850 --> 01:22:21,354
- But he killed your son.
- Yeah, but I-- no.

1360
01:22:21,520 --> 01:22:23,230
- You don't want to kill him?
- No.

1361
01:22:24,649 --> 01:22:27,526
- But he killed your son.
- Yeah, he killed my son.

1362
01:22:27,693 --> 01:22:29,195
- You wouldn't want to--
- But I don't want to step--

1363
01:22:29,362 --> 01:22:33,866
I don't want to step down
on the ladder and say,

1364
01:22:34,033 --> 01:22:38,871
"I had the same right
as you thought you had to kill."

1365
01:22:39,038 --> 01:22:40,456
I don't have the same right.

1366
01:22:40,623 --> 01:22:42,103
Even though he's just
a piece of scum?

1367
01:22:42,208 --> 01:22:46,128
Yeah, but that's-- I know
he's a piece of scum,

1368
01:22:46,295 --> 01:22:49,173
but it doesn't give me the right
to shoot him or kill him.

1369
01:22:51,217 --> 01:22:53,511
So, after this horrible
act of terrorism,

1370
01:22:53,678 --> 01:22:55,388
Norway didn't change its system.

1371
01:22:55,554 --> 01:22:57,890
You don't try to institute
a Patriot Act.

1372
01:22:58,057 --> 01:22:59,141
No.

1373
01:22:59,308 --> 01:23:00,434
You don't try to take away
people's freedoms.

1374
01:23:00,601 --> 01:23:01,978
No.

1375
01:23:02,144 --> 01:23:03,604
You're cautiously thinking
about arming the police now.

1376
01:23:03,771 --> 01:23:06,482
But even that is bothersome
and worrisome.

1377
01:23:06,649 --> 01:23:10,069
Why didn't you respond
the way we responded after 9/11?

1378
01:23:10,236 --> 01:23:13,239
Well, let me put it this way.

1379
01:23:13,406 --> 01:23:14,907
The whole establishment,

1380
01:23:15,074 --> 01:23:17,994
from the prime minister
through the king's family

1381
01:23:18,160 --> 01:23:21,747
and all of the officials in Norway,

1382
01:23:21,914 --> 01:23:24,542
all of the press,
the media said,

1383
01:23:24,709 --> 01:23:27,294
"Well, let's now
take care of Norway.

1384
01:23:27,461 --> 01:23:29,880
As we have been used
to taking care of each other,

1385
01:23:30,047 --> 01:23:31,173
we take care of Norway.

1386
01:23:31,340 --> 01:23:34,468
So, we stay together,
we open our hearts,

1387
01:23:34,635 --> 01:23:35,928
we open our society.

1388
01:23:36,095 --> 01:23:40,766
We're gonna have more democracy,
more freedom of speech,

1389
01:23:40,933 --> 01:23:44,437
because to lock up
wouldn't help us.

1390
01:23:44,603 --> 01:23:47,314
That would just create
more hatred.

1391
01:23:58,617 --> 01:24:03,914
 It's true, we'll make a better day,
just you and me 

1392
01:24:04,081 --> 01:24:07,126
 We are the world 

1393
01:24:07,293 --> 01:24:10,379
 We are the children 

1394
01:24:10,546 --> 01:24:13,299
 We are the ones
who make a brighter day 

1395
01:24:13,466 --> 01:24:16,969
 So let's start givin' 

1396
01:24:17,136 --> 01:24:20,639
 There's a choice we're makin' 

1397
01:24:20,806 --> 01:24:24,143
 We're savin' our own lives 

1398
01:24:24,310 --> 01:24:26,312
 It's true,
we'll make a better day 

1399
01:24:26,479 --> 01:24:31,067
 Just you and me 

1400
01:24:31,233 --> 01:24:35,112
 It's true,
we'll make a better day 

1401
01:24:35,279 --> 01:24:40,326
 Just you and me. 

1402
01:24:49,460 --> 01:24:51,670
There was much
I took from Norway

1403
01:24:51,837 --> 01:24:54,507
and much more to think about.

1404
01:24:54,673 --> 01:24:57,009
A country that forgave.

1405
01:24:57,176 --> 01:24:59,970
A country that,
when it locked up its citizens,

1406
01:25:00,137 --> 01:25:02,681
it treated them as human beings.

1407
01:25:04,183 --> 01:25:06,268
So what was I to do now?

1408
01:25:06,435 --> 01:25:10,022
Where to invade next?

1409
01:25:12,233 --> 01:25:14,401
Sweden?

1410
01:25:14,568 --> 01:25:16,028
Denmark?

1411
01:25:16,195 --> 01:25:17,905
I could go somewhere else.

1412
01:25:18,072 --> 01:25:20,950
Like Iran

1413
01:25:21,117 --> 01:25:24,078
or Brazil

1414
01:25:24,245 --> 01:25:27,289
or even Rwanda.

1415
01:25:27,456 --> 01:25:30,167
But I chose Tunisia.

1416
01:25:34,713 --> 01:25:37,174
A country
in Muslim North Africa

1417
01:25:37,341 --> 01:25:41,178
that has something
that we don't--

1418
01:25:41,345 --> 01:25:44,557
free government-funded
women's health clinics

1419
01:25:44,723 --> 01:25:46,642
and government-funded abortion.

1420
01:25:51,480 --> 01:25:56,110
We have 24
reproductive health centers in Tunisia

1421
01:25:56,277 --> 01:25:59,488
and it is our main mission--
contraception.

1422
01:25:59,655 --> 01:26:05,494
We have I.U.D.s, pills, implant,
and of course condoms.

1423
01:26:05,661 --> 01:26:08,247
- So, how about abortion?
- Yes, of course.

1424
01:26:08,414 --> 01:26:12,668
In Tunisia, abortion is legal
since 1973.

1425
01:26:12,835 --> 01:26:14,837
And the Tunisian people
are okay with that?

1426
01:26:15,004 --> 01:26:17,590
Yes, because
these kind of services

1427
01:26:17,756 --> 01:26:20,676
help women
to be the equal of men,

1428
01:26:20,843 --> 01:26:23,095
and when a woman
is well-educated,

1429
01:26:23,262 --> 01:26:26,098
when she work,
she have a better quality of life,

1430
01:26:26,265 --> 01:26:29,727
so she will have
a better life expectancy.

1431
01:26:29,894 --> 01:26:34,273
And I think that family planning
has played a great role.

1432
01:26:34,440 --> 01:26:36,775
As in other countries,

1433
01:26:36,942 --> 01:26:39,987
once women had control
over their own bodies,

1434
01:26:40,154 --> 01:26:42,781
eventually
both women and men

1435
01:26:42,948 --> 01:26:45,451
want control
over their own lives.

1436
01:26:45,618 --> 01:26:47,411
And in Tunisia's case,

1437
01:26:47,578 --> 01:26:51,123
that meant the dictator had to go.

1438
01:26:51,290 --> 01:26:55,002
We are gonna turn now to an almost
inconceivable act of protest.

1439
01:26:55,169 --> 01:26:57,171
More than a dozen men
across the Middle East

1440
01:26:57,338 --> 01:26:59,298
have now set themselves on fire

1441
01:26:59,465 --> 01:27:02,134
to oppose corruption and repression
in their own countries.

1442
01:27:02,301 --> 01:27:04,428
This massive uprising

1443
01:27:04,595 --> 01:27:07,806
began with one man--
Mohamed Bouazizi.

1444
01:27:07,973 --> 01:27:11,852
A 26-year-old college grad,
he was unable to find work

1445
01:27:12,019 --> 01:27:14,480
and forced to sell fruit
in the street.

1446
01:27:14,647 --> 01:27:18,275
Last month, harassed and insulted
by corrupt officials,

1447
01:27:18,442 --> 01:27:21,820
he snapped
and set himself on fire.

1448
01:27:21,987 --> 01:27:25,032
Mr. Bouazizi, he was a hero.

1449
01:27:25,199 --> 01:27:28,452
Mr. Bouazizi was a martyr.
He was a hero.

1450
01:27:28,619 --> 01:27:29,912
He's a symbol.

1451
01:27:30,079 --> 01:27:33,749
He's a-- I thank him

1452
01:27:33,916 --> 01:27:38,128
because he freed me
of my fear.

1453
01:27:38,295 --> 01:27:39,546
Fear of what?

1454
01:27:39,713 --> 01:27:43,425
Fear of oppression,
fear of the government.

1455
01:27:43,592 --> 01:27:46,762
Armed only with the fruit
from Bouazizi's broken cart,

1456
01:27:46,929 --> 01:27:50,641
the people of his town
stormed the governor's mansion

1457
01:27:50,808 --> 01:27:53,185
and the revolution had begun.

1458
01:27:56,355 --> 01:27:59,566
When the revolution happened,
I was pregnant,

1459
01:27:59,733 --> 01:28:04,905
and I was so proud
that my babies are born free.

1460
01:28:05,072 --> 01:28:07,574
They are born free citizens.

1461
01:28:07,741 --> 01:28:10,119
They are born
proud to be Tunisian.

1462
01:28:10,286 --> 01:28:12,288
I wasn't proud.
I was so ashamed.

1463
01:28:12,454 --> 01:28:14,373
I studied in Paris
and I was like,

1464
01:28:14,540 --> 01:28:18,043
"I'm here, I can talk to you
because it's in France. I'm safe."

1465
01:28:18,210 --> 01:28:22,381
But I won't have the courage
to outspeak in my country

1466
01:28:22,548 --> 01:28:24,466
because I choose life

1467
01:28:24,633 --> 01:28:28,053
and I didn't have the courage
to be persecuted.

1468
01:28:28,220 --> 01:28:30,222
And I'm quite ashamed
about that.

1469
01:28:30,389 --> 01:28:32,269
So, what did you do
when the revolution started?

1470
01:28:32,391 --> 01:28:35,561
The day of the revolution,
the 14 of January,

1471
01:28:35,728 --> 01:28:39,481
as I told you, I wasn't in the street
because I was pregnant.

1472
01:28:39,648 --> 01:28:42,359
And I was having journalists
all over Tunisia.

1473
01:28:42,526 --> 01:28:48,073
I was trying, really,
to not censor

1474
01:28:48,240 --> 01:28:49,742
as much as I could

1475
01:28:49,908 --> 01:28:51,744
because censorship
was everywhere.

1476
01:28:51,910 --> 01:28:55,456
And at some point,
one of my journalists called me crying

1477
01:28:55,622 --> 01:28:56,749
and said to me,

1478
01:28:56,915 --> 01:29:01,920
"My brother was shot
three minutes ago.

1479
01:29:02,087 --> 01:29:04,506
So what are you
going to do now?"

1480
01:29:04,673 --> 01:29:07,968
And it was like
a point of no return for me.

1481
01:29:08,135 --> 01:29:12,431
I was ready to lose my job,
everything, but this guy--

1482
01:29:12,598 --> 01:29:17,102
I still remember when
I put the phone down and I said,

1483
01:29:17,269 --> 01:29:18,854
"Okay, stop.

1484
01:29:19,021 --> 01:29:20,731
There's no turning back.

1485
01:29:20,898 --> 01:29:22,941
His brother is dead
in front of him."

1486
01:29:23,108 --> 01:29:28,655
So, I went into the studio and said,
"Guys are shot.

1487
01:29:28,822 --> 01:29:31,325
We have to outspoke this."

1488
01:29:33,869 --> 01:29:35,454
There were many women like Amel

1489
01:29:35,621 --> 01:29:38,207
who played a key role
in the revolution.

1490
01:29:39,666 --> 01:29:43,587
They toppled the dictator
and formed a democratic government.

1491
01:29:46,048 --> 01:29:48,801
But when the newly formed
Islamist Party

1492
01:29:48,967 --> 01:29:50,803
decided they
didn't want women's rights

1493
01:29:50,969 --> 01:29:52,805
as part of the new constitution,

1494
01:29:52,971 --> 01:29:55,140
the women of Tunisia
fought back.

1495
01:30:01,605 --> 01:30:04,149
We have many new
political movements

1496
01:30:04,316 --> 01:30:05,734
that weren't here before,

1497
01:30:05,901 --> 01:30:09,738
and those movements
are threatening women's rights.

1498
01:30:09,905 --> 01:30:11,740
And so now we're here
to defend them

1499
01:30:11,907 --> 01:30:15,577
and to show that
we'll not lower our guards.

1500
01:30:29,258 --> 01:30:31,385
E.R.A.! E.R.A.!

1501
01:30:31,552 --> 01:30:33,637
Like with the women in Tunisia,

1502
01:30:33,804 --> 01:30:37,391
women in America had tried to get
their Equal Rights Amendment

1503
01:30:37,558 --> 01:30:41,145
to the Constitution passed
back in the 1970s,

1504
01:30:41,311 --> 01:30:45,315
but it fell three states short
of ratification.

1505
01:30:45,482 --> 01:30:47,443
The Tunisian women
were determined

1506
01:30:47,609 --> 01:30:51,530
not to have the same fate
as those in America.

1507
01:30:51,697 --> 01:30:54,741
They took to the streets
and rallied the people.

1508
01:30:54,908 --> 01:30:59,455
And before long, the majority
of the country was behind them.

1509
01:31:35,699 --> 01:31:38,076
The final vote
on the constitution was passed,

1510
01:31:38,243 --> 01:31:42,873
with 200 voting yes,
four abstentions, and 12 no votes.

1511
01:31:43,040 --> 01:31:45,459
Although
the Conservative Islamist Party

1512
01:31:45,626 --> 01:31:47,461
controlled the most seats
in Parliament,

1513
01:31:47,628 --> 01:31:50,047
they agreed to abide
by the will of the people,

1514
01:31:50,214 --> 01:31:54,885
who wanted an equal rights provision
for women in the constitution.

1515
01:31:55,052 --> 01:31:58,555
They also offered
to voluntarily step down,

1516
01:31:58,722 --> 01:32:02,059
even though, legally,
they didn't have to.

1517
01:32:02,226 --> 01:32:05,896
That's really amazing
that you decided to step down

1518
01:32:06,063 --> 01:32:07,481
and follow the will of the people

1519
01:32:07,648 --> 01:32:09,900
as opposed to following,
you know,

1520
01:32:10,067 --> 01:32:13,070
maybe what some religious leader
might have told you to do.

1521
01:32:30,587 --> 01:32:33,048
That's not
the impression that we're given

1522
01:32:33,215 --> 01:32:37,052
in the United States
of anybody who's a Muslim.

1523
01:32:37,219 --> 01:32:39,805
Do you require women
to cover their heads here?

1524
01:33:02,786 --> 01:33:05,831
How do you feel about
discrimination against homosexuals?

1525
01:33:25,809 --> 01:33:29,104
Is there something you think
America can learn from Tunisia?

1526
01:33:31,273 --> 01:33:33,734
Americans are lucky.

1527
01:33:33,900 --> 01:33:36,528
They are-- they belong

1528
01:33:36,695 --> 01:33:39,865
to the most powerful country
in the world.

1529
01:33:40,032 --> 01:33:43,827
But being the strongest one

1530
01:33:43,994 --> 01:33:48,248
maybe stopped them
from being just curious.

1531
01:33:49,833 --> 01:33:53,420
I know a lot about you guys.

1532
01:33:53,587 --> 01:33:56,715
I know your music

1533
01:33:56,882 --> 01:33:59,760
from the '70s until today.

1534
01:33:59,926 --> 01:34:01,678
I dance on your music.

1535
01:34:01,845 --> 01:34:04,598
I speak, as much as I can,
your language.

1536
01:34:04,765 --> 01:34:09,519
I know Henry Miller, Kerouac,
Scott Fitzgerald.

1537
01:34:09,686 --> 01:34:11,813
I wear your clothes.

1538
01:34:11,980 --> 01:34:13,649
I eat your food.

1539
01:34:13,815 --> 01:34:15,817
But I also have my culture.

1540
01:34:15,984 --> 01:34:18,528
What do you know
about my culture?

1541
01:34:18,695 --> 01:34:20,405
Or Estonian culture?

1542
01:34:20,572 --> 01:34:23,367
Or Zimbabwean culture?

1543
01:34:23,533 --> 01:34:26,828
I read an interesting article
about the average time

1544
01:34:26,995 --> 01:34:30,874
an American spends
watching the Kardashian show.

1545
01:34:32,918 --> 01:34:36,088
Why do you spend
your time for this?

1546
01:34:36,254 --> 01:34:40,759
You invented the most powerful
weapon in the world--

1547
01:34:40,926 --> 01:34:42,386
it's Internet, guys.

1548
01:34:42,552 --> 01:34:45,222
Use it the right way.

1549
01:34:45,389 --> 01:34:48,558
Check, read, watch,

1550
01:34:48,725 --> 01:34:51,019
and then come to visit us.

1551
01:34:51,186 --> 01:34:52,562
We're worth it.

1552
01:34:52,729 --> 01:34:54,564
It's a little, small country.

1553
01:34:54,731 --> 01:34:56,149
Its name is Tunisia.

1554
01:34:56,316 --> 01:34:57,567
It's in North Africa.

1555
01:34:57,734 --> 01:34:59,611
And I really think we deserve,

1556
01:34:59,778 --> 01:35:03,073
as the other countries,
your attention,

1557
01:35:03,240 --> 01:35:06,743
because if you keep
this way of thinking,

1558
01:35:06,910 --> 01:35:11,540
that you are the best
and you know everything,

1559
01:35:11,707 --> 01:35:13,250
it won't work.

1560
01:35:32,394 --> 01:35:34,187
I was seven
when the women of Iceland

1561
01:35:34,354 --> 01:35:38,066
went on strike
on October 24th, 1975.

1562
01:35:41,445 --> 01:35:44,948
They marched into the center
of Reykjavik and filled the streets.

1563
01:35:45,115 --> 01:35:48,201
90% of women
did no work that day.

1564
01:35:48,368 --> 01:35:51,121
No schools opened.
No banks opened.

1565
01:35:51,288 --> 01:35:54,416
No kids ate.
No busses rode into town.

1566
01:35:54,583 --> 01:35:57,043
It was impossible
to get anything done on that day

1567
01:35:57,210 --> 01:36:00,464
because when women don't work,
nothing works.

1568
01:36:00,630 --> 01:36:04,593
They changed the impression
of the value of women

1569
01:36:04,760 --> 01:36:07,095
for women and men
alike forever,

1570
01:36:07,262 --> 01:36:09,723
because nothing worked
in Iceland that day.

1571
01:36:09,890 --> 01:36:12,768
So they changed the very reality
that I grew up with,

1572
01:36:12,934 --> 01:36:14,978
and they changed
my view on it forever.

1573
01:36:15,145 --> 01:36:17,647
And five years after this day,
we were the first country

1574
01:36:17,814 --> 01:36:20,442
to democratically elect
a female president.

1575
01:36:20,609 --> 01:36:21,985
She was a single mom.

1576
01:36:22,152 --> 01:36:23,987
She had
a seven-year-old daughter.

1577
01:36:24,154 --> 01:36:28,450
You cannot help but to thank
those role models--

1578
01:36:28,617 --> 01:36:30,160
and these women
who came before us--

1579
01:36:30,327 --> 01:36:32,996
and think that we owe it
to the next generation

1580
01:36:33,163 --> 01:36:37,709
to empower ourselves
and the generations that follow.

1581
01:36:39,795 --> 01:36:41,505
I campaigned all over the country

1582
01:36:41,671 --> 01:36:46,009
and it was absolutely
a unique experience.

1583
01:36:46,176 --> 01:36:48,053
I never slept in a hotel.

1584
01:36:48,220 --> 01:36:51,306
I slept in children's beds
around the country,

1585
01:36:51,473 --> 01:36:52,557
and it was arranged.

1586
01:36:52,724 --> 01:36:56,144
I knew who in the area
would vote for me

1587
01:36:56,311 --> 01:36:58,814
and I campaigned,
and then--

1588
01:36:58,980 --> 01:37:02,526
and finally I was elected.

1589
01:37:06,530 --> 01:37:08,865
There were hundreds of people

1590
01:37:09,032 --> 01:37:11,576
outside the house here.

1591
01:37:11,743 --> 01:37:15,163
My daughter, seven years old,
was standing beside me.

1592
01:37:19,334 --> 01:37:22,671
You know, if you take
the really long view of history,

1593
01:37:22,838 --> 01:37:24,297
you have, essentially,

1594
01:37:24,464 --> 01:37:27,551
a few thousand years
of it being just one way.

1595
01:37:27,717 --> 01:37:29,886
Men in charge.

1596
01:37:30,053 --> 01:37:31,429
Men in control.

1597
01:37:31,596 --> 01:37:34,891
Men making the decisions,
calling the shots

1598
01:37:35,058 --> 01:37:38,562
politically, economically,
socially, and personally.

1599
01:37:40,188 --> 01:37:43,316
Look what's happened in this time
since that women's strike in '75,

1600
01:37:43,483 --> 01:37:45,694
since your election in 1980.

1601
01:37:45,861 --> 01:37:49,406
How many countries
have elected women?

1602
01:37:49,573 --> 01:37:51,241
I mean, dozens.

1603
01:37:51,408 --> 01:37:54,369
And that doesn't even count
the women elected by parliaments.

1604
01:37:56,538 --> 01:38:00,625
All fathers know that their daughter
is as clever as the boy,

1605
01:38:00,792 --> 01:38:02,085
has the same intelligence.

1606
01:38:02,252 --> 01:38:05,088
All brothers know
that their sisters

1607
01:38:05,255 --> 01:38:07,465
have the same intelligence
as they have.

1608
01:38:07,632 --> 01:38:11,595
I'm very proud that Iceland
was the first and set an example.

1609
01:38:11,761 --> 01:38:14,180
- Right.
- And, definitely, it had a very good--

1610
01:38:14,347 --> 01:38:19,102
a very good effect
on our women and culture at home.

1611
01:38:22,856 --> 01:38:23,940
Okay.

1612
01:38:24,107 --> 01:38:25,587
That's exactly how I would've hit it.

1613
01:38:26,610 --> 01:38:27,652
Dead center.

1614
01:38:27,819 --> 01:38:29,946
I predict an eagle for this hole!

1615
01:38:30,113 --> 01:38:33,658
Meet Hafdís,
Brynveig, and Margrét.

1616
01:38:33,825 --> 01:38:36,244
Aside from beating me
in a game of golf

1617
01:38:36,411 --> 01:38:41,625
on a balmy 29-degree day,
these women are all C.E.O.s,

1618
01:38:41,791 --> 01:38:45,837
one of them the former head
of their Food and Drug Administration.

1619
01:38:46,004 --> 01:38:48,673
They're part of a generation
of Icelandic women

1620
01:38:48,840 --> 01:38:52,302
inspired by the election
of President Vigdís.

1621
01:38:52,469 --> 01:38:56,514
I think Iceland is the best country
to be a female in

1622
01:38:56,681 --> 01:38:57,807
in the world.

1623
01:38:57,974 --> 01:39:01,478
There has been a lot of change
since the last, maybe, 20--

1624
01:39:01,645 --> 01:39:04,189
- 15-- yeah, 15 to 20 years.
- To 20, yeah.

1625
01:39:04,356 --> 01:39:05,556
- We've gone like that.
- Yeah.

1626
01:39:05,649 --> 01:39:07,859
We have the same chance
as the men.

1627
01:39:08,026 --> 01:39:09,426
- You do?
- Yeah, definitely.

1628
01:39:09,486 --> 01:39:10,820
You do feel--
in your bones, you feel that?

1629
01:39:10,987 --> 01:39:13,990
Yes, in your bones.
We grow up believing that.

1630
01:39:14,157 --> 01:39:16,159
I mean, we don't even
think about it.

1631
01:39:16,326 --> 01:39:18,828
We have a gender quota
for the biggest companies.

1632
01:39:18,995 --> 01:39:20,288
You mean the company's
board of directors?

1633
01:39:20,455 --> 01:39:23,166
- Yep.
- So, you have to be

1634
01:39:23,333 --> 01:39:28,213
either at least 40% women
or 40% men.

1635
01:39:28,380 --> 01:39:30,382
Because you also have to think
about the young men.

1636
01:39:30,548 --> 01:39:32,175
They need to get
on the boards also,

1637
01:39:32,342 --> 01:39:33,843
so it's a good law
for them also.

1638
01:39:34,010 --> 01:39:35,428
Right, so-- so, yeah.

1639
01:39:35,595 --> 01:39:37,555
So it can't be
more than 60% women.

1640
01:39:37,722 --> 01:39:40,225
- Yeah.
- No, no.

1641
01:39:40,392 --> 01:39:43,019
That's true, yeah.

1642
01:39:43,186 --> 01:39:46,606
Research has shown us that--
and this is international research--

1643
01:39:46,773 --> 01:39:48,817
that once you have three women
in the boardroom,

1644
01:39:48,984 --> 01:39:50,860
that's when culture starts changing.

1645
01:39:51,027 --> 01:39:52,821
Not when you have one or two.

1646
01:39:52,988 --> 01:39:56,282
Because one is a token
and two is a minority.

1647
01:39:56,449 --> 01:39:57,867
But once you have three,

1648
01:39:58,034 --> 01:40:00,662
it all of a sudden changes
the group dynamics,

1649
01:40:00,829 --> 01:40:04,207
it changes how the dialogue
is taken, what is discussed,

1650
01:40:04,374 --> 01:40:08,670
and it's been well shown that
that goes beyond the balance sheet

1651
01:40:08,837 --> 01:40:11,006
when you have more women
around the table.

1652
01:40:11,172 --> 01:40:13,383
They start asking more
about all stakeholders,

1653
01:40:13,550 --> 01:40:17,053
and this is what I call a different
moral and ethical compass.

1654
01:40:17,220 --> 01:40:20,223
And I think this
is extremely valuable today.

1655
01:40:20,390 --> 01:40:23,560
And I actually don't think you can
survive long-term in business

1656
01:40:23,727 --> 01:40:25,603
without doing this today.

1657
01:40:25,770 --> 01:40:27,689
Throughout my invasions,

1658
01:40:27,856 --> 01:40:32,318
it was clear that where women
had power and were true equals,

1659
01:40:32,485 --> 01:40:35,071
people were simply better off.

1660
01:40:35,238 --> 01:40:38,116
Yet here in Iceland, I felt that
the women had taken this

1661
01:40:38,283 --> 01:40:40,326
to an even higher level.

1662
01:40:40,493 --> 01:40:43,913
And while they controlled nearly half
the seats on company boards

1663
01:40:44,080 --> 01:40:46,207
and nearly half the seats
in Parliament,

1664
01:40:46,374 --> 01:40:48,084
it did make me wonder--

1665
01:40:48,251 --> 01:40:51,755
what was it that the men of Iceland
still controlled?

1666
01:40:55,425 --> 01:40:57,802
When much of the world
went into recession last year,

1667
01:40:57,969 --> 01:41:00,597
no country melted down
faster than Iceland,

1668
01:41:00,764 --> 01:41:03,308
dragging down
three major banks with it.

1669
01:41:03,475 --> 01:41:06,936
The only bank to operate in the black
is run by women.

1670
01:41:07,103 --> 01:41:10,690
So, does gender make a difference
in the financial world?

1671
01:41:10,857 --> 01:41:12,108
Here's Sheila MacVicar.

1672
01:41:12,275 --> 01:41:14,903
Iceland's collapse
was the fastest in history,

1673
01:41:15,070 --> 01:41:19,783
with 85% of the economy
wiped out in weeks.

1674
01:41:19,949 --> 01:41:22,285
There was only one
financial institution,

1675
01:41:22,452 --> 01:41:24,120
Audur Capital, in Iceland,

1676
01:41:24,287 --> 01:41:27,123
that did not lose money
for its customers.

1677
01:41:27,290 --> 01:41:29,959
Founded by two women
on the investment principle of

1678
01:41:30,126 --> 01:41:32,253
"if we don't understand it,
we're not buying it,"

1679
01:41:32,420 --> 01:41:35,298
there's a lot of talk here
about the difference it would've made

1680
01:41:35,465 --> 01:41:38,093
if more women
were on the trading floors.

1681
01:41:38,259 --> 01:41:40,970
It's been 99% men
that wanted to take risk,

1682
01:41:41,137 --> 01:41:43,473
wanted speed,
wanted individual rewards

1683
01:41:43,640 --> 01:41:45,016
and excessive rewards.

1684
01:41:45,183 --> 01:41:46,743
There is new evidence emerging

1685
01:41:46,851 --> 01:41:48,645
that some of what happens
on trading floors

1686
01:41:48,812 --> 01:41:52,273
may be partly the result
of male hormones.

1687
01:41:52,440 --> 01:41:54,317
When testosterone levels
get too high,

1688
01:41:54,484 --> 01:41:56,027
traders become overconfident,

1689
01:41:56,194 --> 01:41:58,863
take too much risk,
and the bubble bursts.

1690
01:41:59,030 --> 01:42:01,366
Women, they think,
"What's good for the whole?"

1691
01:42:01,533 --> 01:42:06,204
Where men, more,
they think, "What's in it for me?"

1692
01:42:06,371 --> 01:42:09,207
It's a provocative question
being debated around the globe.

1693
01:42:09,374 --> 01:42:13,294
Where would we be
if it had been Lehman Sisters?

1694
01:42:13,461 --> 01:42:14,671
So, do you think
any of this would've happened

1695
01:42:14,838 --> 01:42:16,673
if women had been
in charge in 2008?

1696
01:42:16,840 --> 01:42:18,967
I thought we had created a world

1697
01:42:19,134 --> 01:42:21,761
that was on
an empty pursuit for more,

1698
01:42:21,928 --> 01:42:25,849
and I had a question about
if this growth journey we had been on

1699
01:42:26,015 --> 01:42:29,686
was really a successful
business strategy

1700
01:42:29,853 --> 01:42:33,189
that I had somehow missed
during my M.B.A. education.

1701
01:42:33,356 --> 01:42:37,694
Is it a relentless pursuit
for getting big?

1702
01:42:37,861 --> 01:42:40,572
Or is this the great big
penis competition?

1703
01:42:40,738 --> 01:42:42,740
So, 20, 30 persons in Iceland

1704
01:42:42,907 --> 01:42:45,326
has turned the whole economy
on this island on its head?

1705
01:42:45,493 --> 01:42:46,870
Yes.

1706
01:42:47,036 --> 01:42:48,121
20, 30 persons?

1707
01:42:48,288 --> 01:42:49,706
Yes.

1708
01:42:49,873 --> 01:42:51,040
That's insane.

1709
01:42:51,207 --> 01:42:52,375
Yes, that is.

1710
01:42:52,542 --> 01:42:56,421
Normally stoic and proper
Icelanders have started protesting.

1711
01:43:06,890 --> 01:43:09,976
Yo.
Ahem.

1712
01:43:40,256 --> 01:43:43,259
His name was Jón Gnarr

1713
01:43:43,426 --> 01:43:45,470
and he's Iceland's top comedian.

1714
01:43:49,766 --> 01:43:53,269
He decided to run for mayor
of its capital city, Reykjavik,

1715
01:43:53,436 --> 01:43:55,230
as a joke.

1716
01:43:55,396 --> 01:43:58,608
The people of Reykjavik
thought it was the best way

1717
01:43:58,775 --> 01:44:00,735
to send a message to the bankers

1718
01:44:00,902 --> 01:44:03,738
and the people who had
ruined their country.

1719
01:44:03,905 --> 01:44:06,105
So, why did you decide
to call it the Best Party?

1720
01:44:06,241 --> 01:44:10,745
Well, because there's
this idea of "best."

1721
01:44:10,912 --> 01:44:14,374
Here, we're not allowed to say
that something is "best."

1722
01:44:14,540 --> 01:44:15,959
You mean, here--

1723
01:44:16,125 --> 01:44:17,210
it's not against the law.

1724
01:44:17,377 --> 01:44:18,628
You mean Icelandic culture.

1725
01:44:18,795 --> 01:44:20,797
- Yeah, I'm-- it's a law.
- Oh, it is a law.

1726
01:44:20,964 --> 01:44:24,842
I cannot say that this brand of coffee
is the best brand of coffee.

1727
01:44:25,009 --> 01:44:28,137
- Oh, really?
- No, you-- you cannot say it.

1728
01:44:28,304 --> 01:44:30,682
- Have you tried it?
- Yeah, it's very good.

1729
01:44:30,848 --> 01:44:33,142
But it's not the best.
It's the best, but I can't say it.

1730
01:44:33,309 --> 01:44:35,478
It might be the-- okay.

1731
01:44:35,645 --> 01:44:39,649
No, but they don't have
these rules in politics.

1732
01:44:39,816 --> 01:44:42,110
He won in a landslide.

1733
01:44:42,277 --> 01:44:46,281
His election was a total rebuke
of these guys.

1734
01:44:48,533 --> 01:44:49,659
The bankers.

1735
01:44:49,826 --> 01:44:51,995
Anybody who has kids
will know

1736
01:44:52,161 --> 01:44:54,831
that if the kids get away
with their crime,

1737
01:44:54,998 --> 01:44:57,375
chances are they will continue.

1738
01:44:57,542 --> 01:44:59,502
When the bankers went to court,

1739
01:44:59,669 --> 01:45:02,088
they went to a real criminal court.

1740
01:45:02,255 --> 01:45:04,674
And when the judges
issued the sentence,

1741
01:45:04,841 --> 01:45:07,010
they put the bankers away.

1742
01:45:08,219 --> 01:45:10,388
Far away.

1743
01:45:10,555 --> 01:45:12,557
Far...

1744
01:45:12,724 --> 01:45:13,933
far...

1745
01:45:14,976 --> 01:45:16,102
far...

1746
01:45:16,269 --> 01:45:20,189
really far away.

1747
01:45:20,356 --> 01:45:23,693
They were being kept as far away
from society as possible,

1748
01:45:23,860 --> 01:45:27,363
where they could do no harm
to the people of Iceland.

1749
01:45:27,530 --> 01:45:30,366
That's not exactly
how we did it.

1750
01:45:30,533 --> 01:45:33,202
Well, there was that one guy
named Kareem.

1751
01:45:33,369 --> 01:45:35,163
But since the crash of '08,

1752
01:45:35,330 --> 01:45:37,749
not a single banker
without a Muslim name

1753
01:45:37,915 --> 01:45:42,879
has been tried in a criminal court
in the United States of America.

1754
01:45:43,046 --> 01:45:46,758
In Iceland, nearly 70 bankers

1755
01:45:46,924 --> 01:45:49,677
and hedge fund managers
were prosecuted,

1756
01:45:49,844 --> 01:45:52,472
with many of them sent to prison.

1757
01:45:53,723 --> 01:45:55,767
I went to see the top cop,

1758
01:45:55,933 --> 01:46:00,563
the special prosecutor appointed
to put the bankers in prison.

1759
01:46:00,730 --> 01:46:04,484
His name was
Ólafur Thor Hauksson.

1760
01:46:07,195 --> 01:46:11,199
The bankers
know him as Thor.

1761
01:46:13,534 --> 01:46:16,621
So, Thor, I have
the files here, actually,

1762
01:46:16,788 --> 01:46:19,540
of the people that I think
helped precipitate

1763
01:46:19,707 --> 01:46:21,793
the banking collapse
in the United States.

1764
01:46:21,959 --> 01:46:23,461
- Okay.
- Just take a look at that

1765
01:46:23,628 --> 01:46:26,297
in your spare time here,
if you can.

1766
01:46:26,464 --> 01:46:29,133
If you read through these,
these files...

1767
01:46:30,760 --> 01:46:34,931
you'll see things that will make
even Icelandic hair stand up on end.

1768
01:46:35,098 --> 01:46:36,224
- Okay.
- I mean, it's--

1769
01:46:36,391 --> 01:46:37,809
- Can I keep these?
- You can, actually.

1770
01:46:37,975 --> 01:46:40,478
Yep, I wish you would.
Yes.

1771
01:46:40,645 --> 01:46:42,563
Actually,
you know, in the States,

1772
01:46:42,730 --> 01:46:46,150
you have the ability
and the knowledge

1773
01:46:46,317 --> 01:46:47,797
- to do the right thing.
- Yes.

1774
01:46:47,860 --> 01:46:50,530
In America,
you had a prior incident.

1775
01:46:50,696 --> 01:46:53,449
You had the savings
and loan scandal.

1776
01:46:53,616 --> 01:46:55,660
You had some prosecutions
at that time.

1777
01:46:55,827 --> 01:46:57,036
- We did.
- Yeah.

1778
01:46:57,203 --> 01:46:58,287
That's right,
and people went to jail.

1779
01:46:58,454 --> 01:47:01,457
So, you have-- one of the prosecutors
that actually worked on that,

1780
01:47:01,624 --> 01:47:03,418
he gave us an advice.

1781
01:47:03,584 --> 01:47:06,087
So, our prosecutor,
one of them,

1782
01:47:06,254 --> 01:47:08,381
gave advice to your office
to help you...

1783
01:47:08,548 --> 01:47:09,882
- Yeah. Yeah.
- ...do this?

1784
01:47:12,927 --> 01:47:13,970
Jack Black?

1785
01:47:14,137 --> 01:47:15,388
No, no, no.
Not Jack Black.

1786
01:47:15,555 --> 01:47:17,140
It was Bill Black, I think.

1787
01:47:17,306 --> 01:47:19,100
The former prosecutor
in the U.S.

1788
01:47:19,267 --> 01:47:21,060
He was quite blunt with us.

1789
01:47:21,227 --> 01:47:23,688
We learned a lot from him.

1790
01:47:24,814 --> 01:47:27,191
Well, Thor,
I've invaded Iceland

1791
01:47:27,358 --> 01:47:30,862
because you've decided
to investigate and prosecute

1792
01:47:31,028 --> 01:47:32,905
your bankers
after your banking collapse

1793
01:47:33,072 --> 01:47:35,241
and put a number of them
in prison.

1794
01:47:35,408 --> 01:47:38,494
And that's just a genius idea

1795
01:47:38,661 --> 01:47:40,261
I want to take back
to the United States.

1796
01:47:40,413 --> 01:47:41,497
Okay.

1797
01:47:41,664 --> 01:47:42,999
You're the man.

1798
01:47:43,166 --> 01:47:45,877
Thank you for this great idea.

1799
01:47:46,043 --> 01:47:48,045
- Thank you.
- God bless you.

1800
01:47:52,884 --> 01:47:55,344
Because Iceland
didn't bail out their banks

1801
01:47:55,511 --> 01:47:57,847
and instead prosecuted
the bankers

1802
01:47:58,014 --> 01:48:02,018
and turned much of the financial
decision-making over to the women,

1803
01:48:02,185 --> 01:48:04,770
their economy
has completely recovered.

1804
01:48:04,937 --> 01:48:07,356
In fact,
it's doing better than ever.

1805
01:48:08,357 --> 01:48:10,693
Why do you think
the United States is like this?

1806
01:48:12,987 --> 01:48:14,739
Why don't we have
what you have?

1807
01:48:14,906 --> 01:48:17,575
In America, you have
the American dream.

1808
01:48:17,742 --> 01:48:21,204
That you have--
it's a land of opportunities.

1809
01:48:21,370 --> 01:48:26,042
That everybody will be able
to do whatever.

1810
01:48:26,209 --> 01:48:31,380
But in reality it isn't like that.

1811
01:48:31,547 --> 01:48:33,508
Every kid should have
the same opportunity--

1812
01:48:33,674 --> 01:48:37,470
the basic opportunity
to get education and health care.

1813
01:48:38,554 --> 01:48:42,767
It's not Communism,
it's just a good society.

1814
01:48:42,934 --> 01:48:45,937
Mm-hmm.
- You play more solo.

1815
01:48:46,103 --> 01:48:48,397
I'm taking care of myself
and my family

1816
01:48:48,564 --> 01:48:50,650
and the rest,
I don't care about.

1817
01:48:50,816 --> 01:48:53,611
But we are more
like a big group

1818
01:48:53,778 --> 01:48:56,864
and we try to take care of each other
within that group.

1819
01:48:57,031 --> 01:49:01,285
Right. You structure yourself
with "we" in mind

1820
01:49:01,452 --> 01:49:04,205
and we structure ourselves
with "me" in mind.

1821
01:49:04,372 --> 01:49:06,499
- It's the women.
- More women.

1822
01:49:06,666 --> 01:49:08,960
- It's women, right?
- It's our DNA.

1823
01:49:09,126 --> 01:49:10,920
Yeah.

1824
01:49:12,547 --> 01:49:15,258
I'm convinced.

1825
01:49:15,424 --> 01:49:16,676
It's my conviction.

1826
01:49:16,842 --> 01:49:19,512
That's my belief in women,

1827
01:49:19,679 --> 01:49:23,099
the capacity
and the intelligence of women.

1828
01:49:23,266 --> 01:49:28,062
If the world can be saved,
it will be women that do that.

1829
01:49:28,229 --> 01:49:31,899
And they do not do it with war;
they do it with words.

1830
01:49:37,738 --> 01:49:39,490
Women, if they are running society,

1831
01:49:39,657 --> 01:49:41,409
they are looking for peace.

1832
01:49:43,327 --> 01:49:46,038
They want to save humanity.

1833
01:49:46,205 --> 01:49:48,082
They want to save their children.

1834
01:49:51,794 --> 01:49:54,964
When the men on Earth open up

1835
01:49:55,131 --> 01:49:57,133
to how women see things

1836
01:49:57,300 --> 01:50:00,469
and add it to their way
of seeing things,

1837
01:50:00,636 --> 01:50:02,597
then we get a better world.

1838
01:51:07,578 --> 01:51:09,497
If you were to talk to Americans,

1839
01:51:09,664 --> 01:51:11,207
if you had two minutes
to say anything you wanted

1840
01:51:11,374 --> 01:51:14,043
to the American people,

1841
01:51:14,210 --> 01:51:15,920
what would you say?

1842
01:51:22,718 --> 01:51:24,720
And don't be afraid
of hurting our feelings.

1843
01:51:24,887 --> 01:51:26,263
- No.
- We need some truth here.

1844
01:51:26,430 --> 01:51:27,932
No.

1845
01:51:28,099 --> 01:51:33,437
I wouldn't want to live in the States,
even though you paid me.

1846
01:51:33,604 --> 01:51:38,067
Because there's-- the society
and the way that you treat people,

1847
01:51:38,234 --> 01:51:40,986
the way that you treat
your neighbors.

1848
01:51:41,153 --> 01:51:44,657
I would never want
to be your neighbor.

1849
01:51:44,824 --> 01:51:47,201
Never, ever.

1850
01:51:47,368 --> 01:51:52,081
Because you don't treat
your fellow Americans

1851
01:51:52,248 --> 01:51:54,125
the way you should.

1852
01:51:54,291 --> 01:51:59,046
How can you, in a way,
come home and feel well

1853
01:51:59,213 --> 01:52:03,426
if you know there are
so many people that can't eat,

1854
01:52:03,592 --> 01:52:05,970
they're sick, they can't
go to the doctor's,

1855
01:52:06,137 --> 01:52:09,098
they can't get any education?

1856
01:52:09,265 --> 01:52:12,435
How can you come home
and feel okay with that?

1857
01:52:12,601 --> 01:52:14,353
I couldn't.

1858
01:52:22,236 --> 01:52:23,863
I don't feel okay about it.

1859
01:52:24,029 --> 01:52:25,906
No, that's good.

1860
01:52:29,452 --> 01:52:32,538
You shouldn't feel okay with it.

1861
01:52:55,019 --> 01:52:56,312
We just had, like,
a hammer and chisel

1862
01:52:56,479 --> 01:52:59,607
and we were just-- I don't know,
there were a couple dozen people here,

1863
01:52:59,774 --> 01:53:01,317
and we were just like--
the chisel

1864
01:53:01,484 --> 01:53:04,779
and then banging away
on this thing, you know?

1865
01:53:07,656 --> 01:53:09,366
Did this for two or three nights,

1866
01:53:09,533 --> 01:53:11,869
and the crowd kept getting
larger and larger.

1867
01:53:12,036 --> 01:53:14,705
And there was no hole yet
in the wall,

1868
01:53:14,872 --> 01:53:18,417
but you'd hit this steel stuff
and then sooner or later,

1869
01:53:18,584 --> 01:53:21,837
you know, a little crack
would appear in the wall

1870
01:53:22,004 --> 01:53:25,257
and the East Germans
on the other side,

1871
01:53:25,424 --> 01:53:26,864
they were just, like,
having a smoke.

1872
01:53:27,009 --> 01:53:30,429
They didn't-- I think
they knew it was over.

1873
01:53:31,680 --> 01:53:33,766
This is my buddy Rod
from Michigan,

1874
01:53:33,933 --> 01:53:37,812
and we've met up in Berlin now
at the end of my invasions.

1875
01:53:37,978 --> 01:53:41,106
In November of 1989, we happened
to be traveling through Berlin

1876
01:53:41,273 --> 01:53:44,109
when we heard that a few people
were down at the Berlin Wall

1877
01:53:44,276 --> 01:53:47,112
and were chiseling on it
for some reason.

1878
01:53:47,279 --> 01:53:50,366
We thought, "Hey, we got
a couple hours to kill.

1879
01:53:50,533 --> 01:53:53,202
Let's check this out."

1880
01:53:53,369 --> 01:53:54,870
You know, there weren't
that many doing it then.

1881
01:53:55,037 --> 01:53:56,580
It was just those first few nights.

1882
01:53:56,747 --> 01:53:59,083
And I don't know,
I was just chiseling away on this thing

1883
01:53:59,250 --> 01:54:01,836
and all of a sudden I looked up
and you were on top of that,

1884
01:54:02,002 --> 01:54:04,713
you know, like, dancing around
on the top of the wall.

1885
01:54:04,880 --> 01:54:07,258
I'm trying to remember,
how many Germans did it take

1886
01:54:07,424 --> 01:54:09,885
to hoist you
up to the top of that wall?

1887
01:54:10,052 --> 01:54:13,889
Well, there was one that got me--
you know, he sort of grabbed my foot.

1888
01:54:14,056 --> 01:54:18,102
And then another one grabbed my belt
and kind of shoved me up,

1889
01:54:18,269 --> 01:54:20,813
and then I was able
to grab hold of the top of it.

1890
01:54:20,980 --> 01:54:22,356
We stayed at the wall,

1891
01:54:22,523 --> 01:54:25,317
chiseling away
for the next three days.

1892
01:54:25,484 --> 01:54:27,778
The thing about this
is that you and I grew up

1893
01:54:27,945 --> 01:54:29,238
- in the Cold War...
- Yeah.

1894
01:54:29,405 --> 01:54:31,699
...and if there was one thing
that was certain, it was that this wall

1895
01:54:31,866 --> 01:54:33,576
- would never come down.
- Yes.

1896
01:54:33,742 --> 01:54:36,078
Built to stand forever.

1897
01:54:36,245 --> 01:54:38,247
Impenetrable.

1898
01:54:38,414 --> 01:54:40,708
It lasted less than 30 years.

1899
01:54:40,875 --> 01:54:41,959
Yeah.

1900
01:54:42,126 --> 01:54:44,587
And, in a night,
it was over.

1901
01:54:44,753 --> 01:54:47,423
I remember that,
and around the same time,

1902
01:54:47,590 --> 01:54:48,924
Mandela got out of prison

1903
01:54:49,091 --> 01:54:50,891
and then became
the president of South Africa.

1904
01:54:50,926 --> 01:54:53,387
And those two events--
like, from that moment on in my life,

1905
01:54:53,554 --> 01:54:55,598
I was like, "Oh, I get it.

1906
01:54:55,764 --> 01:54:57,433
Anything can happen."

1907
01:54:59,101 --> 01:55:01,729
They always say
the solution is too complicated,

1908
01:55:01,896 --> 01:55:04,106
but there's always
simple answers to these things.

1909
01:55:04,273 --> 01:55:07,234
You just take the hammer
and you knock it down.

1910
01:55:07,401 --> 01:55:10,529
- You know?
- It really was as simple as that.

1911
01:55:10,696 --> 01:55:14,158
Hammer, right?
Chisel, down.

1912
01:55:14,325 --> 01:55:16,368
- Down.
- Hammer, chisel, down.

1913
01:55:16,535 --> 01:55:19,121
- Rinse, repeat.
- Hammer, chisel, down.

1914
01:55:19,288 --> 01:55:20,768
You know?
And then three months later,

1915
01:55:20,915 --> 01:55:22,583
- it's official.
- Yeah.

1916
01:55:22,750 --> 01:55:26,462
This Cold War, this wall that was
supposed to go on forever

1917
01:55:26,629 --> 01:55:31,133
was-- boop-- gone,
just like that, you know?

1918
01:55:31,300 --> 01:55:33,510
It's like, three years ago,
gay marriage in the United States

1919
01:55:33,677 --> 01:55:35,763
was outlawed in every state.

1920
01:55:35,930 --> 01:55:38,641
- Yeah.
- Now law of the land.

1921
01:55:39,808 --> 01:55:42,853
It was like, wow, that was quick.

1922
01:55:43,020 --> 01:55:44,355
You know?

1923
01:55:44,521 --> 01:55:49,068
So, I'm just-- I've turned
into this kind of crazy optimist

1924
01:55:49,234 --> 01:55:52,446
that-- just name something
that seems impossible,

1925
01:55:52,613 --> 01:55:56,784
and this wall proves
that that could happen.

1926
01:55:56,951 --> 01:55:58,869
- Yeah.
- That, you know, suddenly--

1927
01:55:59,036 --> 01:56:02,665
first it's a wall,
now there's a hole in the wall,

1928
01:56:02,831 --> 01:56:05,376
and then soon
the wall comes down.

1929
01:56:16,011 --> 01:56:18,764
- Pretty cool.
- Yeah.

1930
01:56:20,015 --> 01:56:23,686
We discussed all the great things
I had taken from my invasions,

1931
01:56:23,852 --> 01:56:26,480
but I began to lament
that the American dream

1932
01:56:26,647 --> 01:56:31,235
seemed to be alive and well
everywhere but America.

1933
01:56:33,654 --> 01:56:38,033
It was then that Rod reminded me
that he and I and most of our generation

1934
01:56:38,200 --> 01:56:40,786
went to college
for practically free.

1935
01:56:42,371 --> 01:56:44,540
He reminded me
that the Finnish education chief

1936
01:56:44,707 --> 01:56:49,378
had said that their education ideas
were American ideas,

1937
01:56:49,545 --> 01:56:53,716
and that May Day didn't begin
in Moscow or Lisbon,

1938
01:56:53,882 --> 01:56:56,885
it began in Chicago in 1886.

1939
01:56:57,052 --> 01:56:59,054
That's where the fight
for the eight-hour day

1940
01:56:59,221 --> 01:57:01,390
and a vacation came from--

1941
01:57:01,557 --> 01:57:03,726
American unions.

1942
01:57:04,893 --> 01:57:07,521
The fight for the E.R.A.
began eight years

1943
01:57:07,688 --> 01:57:10,649
before Iceland elected
the first female president.

1944
01:57:12,276 --> 01:57:14,820
The same thing
with the Norwegian prison warden,

1945
01:57:14,987 --> 01:57:19,491
that the idea of no cruel or unusual
punishment was ours.

1946
01:57:19,658 --> 01:57:21,994
And it was our state,
Michigan,

1947
01:57:22,161 --> 01:57:25,414
that became the first English-speaking
government in the world

1948
01:57:25,581 --> 01:57:28,250
to eliminate the death penalty.

1949
01:57:28,417 --> 01:57:30,753
And the special prosecutor
in Iceland,

1950
01:57:30,919 --> 01:57:34,631
he based his whole investigation
and prosecution of the bankers

1951
01:57:34,798 --> 01:57:38,177
on our savings and loan scandal
back in the '80s.

1952
01:57:38,343 --> 01:57:41,013
Even hired an American
to help him with it.

1953
01:57:41,180 --> 01:57:44,224
These weren't European ideas.

1954
01:57:44,391 --> 01:57:46,602
These weren't new ideas.

1955
01:57:48,103 --> 01:57:50,522
These were our ideas.

1956
01:57:50,689 --> 01:57:52,858
We didn't need to invade
all these countries

1957
01:57:53,025 --> 01:57:55,611
to steal their ideas.

1958
01:57:55,778 --> 01:57:57,946
They were already ours.

1959
01:57:58,113 --> 01:58:00,324
We didn't need to invade.

1960
01:58:00,491 --> 01:58:04,119
We just needed to go
to the American lost and found.

1961
01:58:04,286 --> 01:58:07,122
Maybe that was the answer.

1962
01:58:07,289 --> 01:58:09,583
Oh, will you help me?
Can you help me?

1963
01:58:09,750 --> 01:58:11,752
You don't need to be helped
any longer.

1964
01:58:11,919 --> 01:58:14,463
You've always had the power
to go back to Kansas.

1965
01:58:14,630 --> 01:58:16,298
I have?

1966
01:58:16,465 --> 01:58:18,926
Yes, you have.

1967
01:58:19,093 --> 01:58:21,136
And so have we.

1968
01:58:21,303 --> 01:58:22,971
We've always had it.

1969
01:58:23,138 --> 01:58:24,973
Kansas, anyone?

1970
01:58:25,140 --> 01:58:27,434
 What's your plan
for tomorrow? 

1971
01:58:27,601 --> 01:58:30,145
 Are you a leader
or will you follow? 

1972
01:58:30,312 --> 01:58:32,648
 Are you a fighter
or will you cower? 

1973
01:58:32,815 --> 01:58:35,609
 It's our time
to take back the power 

1974
01:58:36,777 --> 01:58:39,947
 We don't need
to run and hide 

1975
01:58:41,490 --> 01:58:45,494
 We won't be pushed
off to the side 

1976
01:58:45,661 --> 01:58:48,330
 What's your plan
for tomorrow? 

1977
01:58:48,497 --> 01:58:50,874
 Are you a leader
or will you follow? 

1978
01:58:51,041 --> 01:58:53,418
 Are you a fighter
or will you cower? 

1979
01:58:53,585 --> 01:58:55,921
 It's our time
to take back the power 

1980
01:58:56,088 --> 01:58:58,757
 What's your plan
for tomorrow? 

1981
01:58:58,924 --> 01:59:01,176
 Are you a leader
or will you follow? 

1982
01:59:01,343 --> 01:59:03,762
 Are you a fighter
or will you cower? 

1983
01:59:03,929 --> 01:59:06,390
 It's our time
to take back the power 

1984
01:59:06,557 --> 01:59:09,101
 What's your plan
for tomorrow? 

1985
01:59:09,268 --> 01:59:11,603
 Are you a leader
or will you follow? 

1986
01:59:11,770 --> 01:59:14,022
 Are you a fighter
or will you cower? 

1987
01:59:14,189 --> 01:59:18,360
 It's our time
to take back the power. 

1988
01:59:21,280 --> 01:59:23,532
 Anything you can do,
I can do better 

1989
01:59:23,699 --> 01:59:25,784
 I can do anything
better than you 

1990
01:59:25,951 --> 01:59:27,351
-  No, you can't 
-  Yes, I can 

1991
01:59:27,494 --> 01:59:28,579
-  No, you can't 
-  Yes, I can 

1992
01:59:28,745 --> 01:59:31,874
-  No, you can't 
-  Yes, I can, yes, I can 

1993
01:59:32,040 --> 01:59:34,376
 Anything you can be,
I can be greater 

1994
01:59:34,543 --> 01:59:36,795
 Sooner or later,
I'm greater than you 

1995
01:59:36,962 --> 01:59:38,005
-  No, you're not 
-  Yes, I am 

1996
01:59:38,172 --> 01:59:39,572
-  No, you're not 
-  Yes, I am 

1997
01:59:39,715 --> 01:59:42,593
-  No, you're not 
-  Yes, I am, yes, I am 

1998
01:59:42,759 --> 01:59:45,387
 Anything you can sing,
I can sing higher 

1999
01:59:45,554 --> 01:59:47,723
 I can sing anything
higher than you 

2000
01:59:47,890 --> 01:59:48,932
-  No, you can't 
-  Yes, I can 

2001
01:59:49,099 --> 01:59:50,225
-  No, you can't 
-  Yes, I can 

2002
01:59:50,392 --> 01:59:51,810
-  No, you can't 
-  Yes, I can 

2003
01:59:51,977 --> 01:59:54,229
 No, you can't 

2004
01:59:54,396 --> 02:00:02,396
-  Yes, I can. 
-  No, you can't. 

2005
02:00:03,572 --> 02:00:05,908
- Ma'am. Ma'am.
- Ma'am, get off the pole.

2006
02:00:06,074 --> 02:00:07,492
- Ma'am.
- Ma'am!