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♪ Oh say, can you see ♪

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♪ By the dawn's early light, ♪

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♪ What so proudly we hailed ♪

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♪ At the twilight's last gleaming ♪

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♪ Whose broad stripes and bright stars, ♪

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♪ Through the perilous fight ♪

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♪ Over the ramparts we watched, ♪

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♪ Were so gallantly streaming. ♪

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♪ And the rockets red glare, ♪

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♪ The bombs bursting in air, ♪

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♪ Gave proof through the night ♪

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♪ That our flag was still there. ♪

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♪ Oh, say, does-- ♪

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- I pity a country that
would come up against us.

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The synergy with air, land, and sea forces

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and our ability to
control the battle space

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and seize the high ground is devastating.

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All countries respect the
power of the United States

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and they respect how dominant
we are in this region.

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And we get better and better and better.

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(drums pounding)

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- Tonight to ten,

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a rare glimpse of China's
ambitious expansion

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in one of the world's
most contested regions.

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We report from the South China Sea,

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where the Chinese are warning off anyone

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who comes too close to
their building program.

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- We continue our look this morning

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at what China does not want you to see.

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The United States says the superpower

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is reclaiming land in the South China Sea.

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- The fact that we're dealing
with a situation right now

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where we, the US, has to
be much more aggressive

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in dealing with the Chinese government.

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- CNN has learned that the US Navy

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is about to send a destroyer there.

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Let's go to our CNN chief--

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- [Announcer] CNN got
exclusive access to classified

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US surveillance flights over the islands.

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- [John Narrating] The threat
of China is becoming big news.

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The media is beating the drums of war

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as the world is being
primed to regard China

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as a new enemy.

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- [Announcer] China's alarming creation of

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entirely new territory
in the South China Sea

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is one part of a broader military push

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that some fear is to challenge
US dominance in the region.

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- [John Narrating] China
is building airstrips

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in the South China Sea on disputed islands

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condemned by an international tribunal.

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This is now a flashpoint for war

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between China and America.

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What is not news is that
China itself is under threat.

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These American bases form a giant noose,

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encircling China with
missiles, bombers, warships.

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All the way from Australia
through the Pacific,

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to Asia, and beyond.

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- If you were in Beijing looking out,

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you stood on the tallest
building in Beijing

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and looked out at the Pacific Ocean,

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you'd see American warships.

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You'd see Guam is about to sink

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because there's so many
missiles pointed at China.

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You'd look up at Korea and see

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American armaments pointing at China.

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You'd see Japan, which is basically,

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Japan's a glove over the American fist.

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I think if I was Chinese, I'd
have a little to worry about

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about American aggressiveness.

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- And we have China surrounded

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and we're doing more
all the time to try and

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keep it surrounded and deepen
that containment of China.

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But China presents a fascinating case

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of a country that is independent,

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doesn't have foreign
bases on its territory,

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growing very rapidly,

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not as rapidly now as it did for 30 years,

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but still the second-ranking
economy in the world.

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- We have an adversary

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and that adversary is
China and that adversary,

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unless there is dramatic
reform inside China,

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will be our enemy someday.

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- One myth I think really
needs to be dispelled

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is that somehow China's
aiming to replace America

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and gonna run the world. (laughs)

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First of all, the Chinese
are not that stupid.

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The West, with its Christian roots,

88
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are about converting other
people into their beliefs.

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The Chinese are not about that.

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Again, I'm not degrading
the Western culture.

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I'm just pointing out the inherent nature,

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the DNA's of two different cultures.

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The Chinese 2000 years
ago built the Great Wall

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to keep the barbarians
out, not to invade them.

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- [John Narrating] As the
world's economic power

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moves rapidly to Asia, the
response of the Untied States

97
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is to deploy the majority
of its naval forces to Asia

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and the Pacific.

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This massive military buildup
is known in Washington as

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the "Pivot to Asia."

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The target is China.

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The great power game in the 21st century

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is called perpetual war.

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For America's unchallenged arms industry,

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the annual prize is huge profits

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from almost 600 billion
dollars of military spending.

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- [Announcer] Once an
imaginary weapon on Star Wars,

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the electromagnetic gun is now reality.

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- You're sitting here thinking about these

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next-generation and futuristic ideas

111
00:06:01,102 --> 00:06:04,015
and we've got scientists
who have designed these

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and it's coming to life.

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- [John Narrating] And the
smartest weapons need enemies.

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- As a Pacific nation, the United States

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will play a larger and long-term role

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in shaping this region and its future.

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I have directed my national security team

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to make our presence and
mission in the Asian-Pacific

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a top priority.

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- In one sense, is the US
already at war with China?

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- Yes.

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On the ground and in the air.

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The winner of the Nobel Peace
Prize, President Barack Obama,

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has committed to trillions

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00:06:39,848 --> 00:06:43,476
of dollars to our nuclear arsenal.

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He's committing trillions
of future dollars

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to war in space and we need
an enemy for all this money

128
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and China's the perfect enemy.

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- The aim of this film
is to break a silence.

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00:07:02,486 --> 00:07:06,410
The United States and China
may well be on a path to war

131
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and nuclear war is no longer unthinkable.

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In a few years, China
has become the world's

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second biggest economic power.

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The United States is the
world's biggest military power,

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with bases and missiles and ships

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covering every continent, every ocean.

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China is a threat to this
dominance, says Washington,

138
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but who is the threat?

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This film is about shifting
power and great danger.

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It's also a film about the human spirit

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and the rise of an extraordinary
resistance among people

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on the front line of a coming war

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where the words "never
again" have an urgent meaning

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for all of us.

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(somber music)

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- [John Narrating] This is Bikini,

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the rim of an ancient underwater volcano

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00:08:01,679 --> 00:08:04,103
in the Marshall Islands.

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00:08:04,103 --> 00:08:07,164
With its necklace of 23 islands,

150
00:08:07,164 --> 00:08:11,331
Bikini is a place of beauty
and silence and menace.

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00:08:16,424 --> 00:08:19,096
Look closely where the Emerald Lagoon

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suddenly falls into a vast black hole.

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This is the crater of one of

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the greatest manmade explosions,

155
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the hydrogen bomb they call Bravo.

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It vaporized an entire island

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and poisoned almost
everything and everyone.

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As our plane flew low, we seemed
to touch its deathly void.

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The Marshall Islands lie
in the vast Pacific Ocean

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00:09:00,332 --> 00:09:03,440
between the United States and Asia.

161
00:09:03,440 --> 00:09:06,792
Captured from the
Japanese in World War Two,

162
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they've long been
America's strategic secret,

163
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it's stepping stone to Asia and China.

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00:09:14,676 --> 00:09:17,259
(guitar music)

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People here sustain themselves
for thousands of years

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00:09:24,697 --> 00:09:28,447
with abundant fish,
breadfruit, and coconuts.

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00:09:32,178 --> 00:09:36,345
They were skilled navigators
who sailed by the stars.

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00:09:37,678 --> 00:09:40,678
Westerners might call this paradise.

169
00:10:03,169 --> 00:10:05,572
All that changed in 1946

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00:10:05,572 --> 00:10:09,000
when the United States took
over the Marshall Islands

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as a Trust Territory with an obligation

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00:10:12,479 --> 00:10:16,646
to protect the health and
wellbeing of the people.

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A nightmare began.

174
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The islands were turned into a laboratory

175
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for the testing of nuclear weapons

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and the people into guinea pigs.

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- Crossroads, scene 24, take two.

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00:10:34,802 --> 00:10:36,355
(clicks)

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00:10:36,355 --> 00:10:38,204
- [John Narrating] In
this propaganda film,

180
00:10:38,204 --> 00:10:41,824
the Bikini islanders are being deceived.

181
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Unknown to them, plans
were already underway

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00:10:45,913 --> 00:10:48,746
to destroy their paradise forever.

183
00:10:50,001 --> 00:10:54,409
- Will you ask King Judah that
the United States government

184
00:10:54,409 --> 00:10:58,106
now wants to attempt to turn this great,

185
00:10:58,106 --> 00:11:02,189
destructive force into
something good for mankind

186
00:11:03,157 --> 00:11:05,977
and that these experiments here at Bikini

187
00:11:05,977 --> 00:11:09,099
are the first step in that direction.

188
00:11:09,099 --> 00:11:12,599
(speaks foreign language)

189
00:11:15,345 --> 00:11:16,178
Tell them that's fine,

190
00:11:16,178 --> 00:11:20,375
everything being in God's
hands, it must be good.

191
00:11:20,375 --> 00:11:23,875
(speaks foreign language)

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- [Announcer] 87 ships
take position three miles

193
00:11:29,261 --> 00:11:31,738
off Bikini to suffer the shattering impact

194
00:11:31,738 --> 00:11:34,205
of the fifth atomic bomb.

195
00:11:34,205 --> 00:11:36,019
- [John Narrating] An armada of warships

196
00:11:36,019 --> 00:11:38,519
was assembled in Bikini Lagoon

197
00:11:39,432 --> 00:11:42,220
in order to blow them to bits.

198
00:11:42,220 --> 00:11:44,970
(chain clanking)

199
00:11:50,673 --> 00:11:52,357
- [Announcer] The decks
of the 73 test ships

200
00:11:52,357 --> 00:11:54,152
anchored in Bikini Lagoon

201
00:11:54,152 --> 00:11:55,972
are scenes of feverish activity

202
00:11:55,972 --> 00:11:58,863
as scientists plot experimental programs

203
00:11:58,863 --> 00:12:00,823
designed to furnish data on blast effects

204
00:12:00,823 --> 00:12:02,896
of the mighty atom bomb.

205
00:12:02,896 --> 00:12:03,729
Animals of many kinds--

206
00:12:03,729 --> 00:12:05,916
- [John Narrating] Animals
were strapped to the decks

207
00:12:05,916 --> 00:12:08,166
like a perverse Noah's Ark.

208
00:12:09,336 --> 00:12:12,291
The experiment was to see how they died,

209
00:12:12,291 --> 00:12:13,624
how they burned.

210
00:12:15,755 --> 00:12:17,134
- [Announcer] Special
ointments are applied

211
00:12:17,134 --> 00:12:19,586
to determine their protective quality.

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00:12:19,586 --> 00:12:21,275
Other parts of the exposed areas

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are being left bare to the atom blasts.

214
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- [Soldier] Three, two, one.

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00:12:26,988 --> 00:12:29,488
(eerie music)

216
00:13:55,788 --> 00:13:57,487
- [John Narrating] Being on Bikini today

217
00:13:57,487 --> 00:13:59,237
is disturbing ghosts.

218
00:14:00,320 --> 00:14:02,671
I struggle through the
jungle to the bunker

219
00:14:02,671 --> 00:14:06,252
where they pressed the
button at 6:45 on the morning

220
00:14:06,252 --> 00:14:07,835
of the H-Bomb test.

221
00:14:11,241 --> 00:14:13,494
Now claimed by the undergrowth,

222
00:14:13,494 --> 00:14:17,494
it's like a subterranean
temple to modern times.

223
00:14:20,158 --> 00:14:22,854
They drank Milk Maid Powdered Milk,

224
00:14:22,854 --> 00:14:25,580
smoked Lucky Strike Cigarettes,

225
00:14:25,580 --> 00:14:30,531
and later this sign was
erected that's beyond irony.

226
00:14:30,531 --> 00:14:31,802
It says,

227
00:14:31,802 --> 00:14:34,863
"Please leave this
property as you find it,

228
00:14:34,863 --> 00:14:38,863
"thank you for your
kindness and understanding."

229
00:14:45,380 --> 00:14:47,025
(water drips)

230
00:14:47,025 --> 00:14:49,608
(jovial music)

231
00:14:52,223 --> 00:14:54,374
- [Announcer] The Momselles
give their all for their art

232
00:14:54,374 --> 00:14:55,308
and you can just bet

233
00:14:55,308 --> 00:14:58,950
that audience is giving
with the wolf calls.

234
00:14:58,950 --> 00:15:01,066
- [Male Announcer] The bikini, named after

235
00:15:01,066 --> 00:15:03,342
the atomic explosion in the Pacific.

236
00:15:03,342 --> 00:15:05,872
The bikini was an explosion everywhere.

237
00:15:05,872 --> 00:15:10,602
- [John Narrating] In 1946, the
bikini swimsuit was launched

238
00:15:10,602 --> 00:15:13,564
to celebrate the nuclear explosions

239
00:15:13,564 --> 00:15:17,167
that had destroyed life on Bikini Island.

240
00:15:17,167 --> 00:15:20,168
The inventor of the bikini, a Frenchman,

241
00:15:20,168 --> 00:15:21,585
made his fortune.

242
00:15:22,814 --> 00:15:27,133
Today a bikini body is
promoted in magazines

243
00:15:27,133 --> 00:15:30,383
as an object of desire and good health.

244
00:15:32,320 --> 00:15:35,471
The bodies of the people
of Bikini and other islands

245
00:15:35,471 --> 00:15:38,571
are the most irradiated in the world.

246
00:15:38,571 --> 00:15:41,904
All these women have had thyroid cancer.

247
00:16:16,744 --> 00:16:20,618
Today, Bikini is unfit for human life.

248
00:16:20,618 --> 00:16:24,370
Radiation poisons the food and water,

249
00:16:24,370 --> 00:16:29,226
and issues registered
unsafe on a Geiger Counter.

250
00:16:29,226 --> 00:16:31,722
The abandoned cemetery looks out to where

251
00:16:31,722 --> 00:16:35,721
the sun rose one morning, then rose again

252
00:16:35,721 --> 00:16:36,888
as apocalypse.

253
00:16:39,969 --> 00:16:43,033
The equivalent of one Hiroshima bomb

254
00:16:43,033 --> 00:16:45,723
was exploded in these islands

255
00:16:45,723 --> 00:16:47,556
everyday for 12 years.

256
00:16:52,418 --> 00:16:55,759
A scarred beauty has
returned to the island

257
00:16:55,759 --> 00:16:57,676
but the people haven't.

258
00:16:58,728 --> 00:17:03,385
Exiled to barren islands,
many of them starved.

259
00:17:03,385 --> 00:17:07,563
In 1968, President
Lyndon Johnson told them

260
00:17:07,563 --> 00:17:09,480
it was safe to go home.

261
00:17:10,583 --> 00:17:14,627
(Geiger Counter clicks)

262
00:17:14,627 --> 00:17:16,396
But it wasn't safe.

263
00:17:16,396 --> 00:17:19,979
And the US authorities
knew it wasn't safe.

264
00:17:42,146 --> 00:17:45,585
- What happened as a
result of the Bravo test

265
00:17:45,585 --> 00:17:48,808
was that a cover-up was launched

266
00:17:48,808 --> 00:17:51,225
very shortly after March one.

267
00:17:52,708 --> 00:17:55,968
There's such a history
of wrong information,

268
00:17:55,968 --> 00:17:58,613
outright lies, deception.

269
00:17:58,613 --> 00:18:02,780
There was no attempt to take
the most conservative approach

270
00:18:04,066 --> 00:18:06,410
and make sure that everybody was okay.

271
00:18:06,410 --> 00:18:10,994
- They knew the way the
fallout was going to go.

272
00:18:10,994 --> 00:18:12,976
And they took that risk and went ahead

273
00:18:12,976 --> 00:18:15,703
and detonated the bomb, knowing full well

274
00:18:15,703 --> 00:18:17,970
which way it was going to go.

275
00:18:17,970 --> 00:18:21,225
They still had an opportunity to evacuate,

276
00:18:21,225 --> 00:18:23,056
even on the day of the shot.

277
00:18:23,056 --> 00:18:24,679
But these people were not evacuated,

278
00:18:24,679 --> 00:18:26,022
we were not evacuated,

279
00:18:26,022 --> 00:18:28,737
and the people in the
path were not evacuated.

280
00:18:28,737 --> 00:18:31,987
So that only leaves one to believe that

281
00:18:33,103 --> 00:18:35,994
number one, the United States
needed some guinea pigs

282
00:18:35,994 --> 00:18:40,764
to study what the effects
of radiation would do.

283
00:18:40,764 --> 00:18:43,294
And that's a pretty strong indication

284
00:18:43,294 --> 00:18:45,500
that the United States knew that.

285
00:18:45,500 --> 00:18:47,983
- It seems extraordinary, here we are,

286
00:18:47,983 --> 00:18:50,990
this far into the 21st century,

287
00:18:50,990 --> 00:18:53,432
talking to people still frightened

288
00:18:53,432 --> 00:18:56,788
of all that nuclear
fallout, all those tests,

289
00:18:56,788 --> 00:18:58,665
all those years ago.

290
00:18:58,665 --> 00:19:00,688
The impression I get is that

291
00:19:00,688 --> 00:19:02,985
there's so little trust among people.

292
00:19:02,985 --> 00:19:04,766
- The US is trying to provide as much

293
00:19:04,766 --> 00:19:08,632
information, as much good
information as we can.

294
00:19:08,632 --> 00:19:11,812
And so I wouldn't accept
the characterization that

295
00:19:11,812 --> 00:19:15,212
there've been lies and cover-ups.

296
00:19:15,212 --> 00:19:19,738
- The word guinea pigs comes
up a lot from these survivors.

297
00:19:19,738 --> 00:19:23,013
- I would refer you to our
embassy website on that.

298
00:19:23,013 --> 00:19:23,986
- I've read it.

299
00:19:23,986 --> 00:19:26,278
- And that question was looked at

300
00:19:26,278 --> 00:19:28,442
during the Clinton administration

301
00:19:28,442 --> 00:19:32,676
and that was not the
conclusion they came to.

302
00:19:32,676 --> 00:19:34,962
- [John Narrating] The secret
of the Marshall Islands

303
00:19:34,962 --> 00:19:36,212
is Project 4.1.

304
00:19:37,788 --> 00:19:42,348
Declassified documents
reveal a scientific program

305
00:19:42,348 --> 00:19:45,110
that began as a study of mice

306
00:19:45,110 --> 00:19:49,277
and became a study of human
beings exposed to radiation.

307
00:19:52,389 --> 00:19:53,791
- [Radio Announcer] Chicago
is where it all began.

308
00:19:53,791 --> 00:19:56,774
And to the AEC Argonnne
Labs in Chicago last week

309
00:19:56,774 --> 00:20:00,115
came seven men, natives
of the Marshall Islands.

310
00:20:00,115 --> 00:20:01,846
Levin is from Omelek.

311
00:20:01,846 --> 00:20:03,228
He and the rest were irradiated by our

312
00:20:03,228 --> 00:20:06,887
March 19th '54 hydrogen bomb test.

313
00:20:06,887 --> 00:20:08,812
John is mayor of Rongelap,

314
00:20:08,812 --> 00:20:11,836
which is 100 miles from Bikini.

315
00:20:11,836 --> 00:20:13,980
John, as we said, is a savage,

316
00:20:13,980 --> 00:20:16,299
but a happy, amenable savage.

317
00:20:16,299 --> 00:20:19,893
His grandfather ran almost
naked on his small atoll.

318
00:20:19,893 --> 00:20:22,327
The white man brought money and religion

319
00:20:22,327 --> 00:20:24,622
and a market for his copa.

320
00:20:24,622 --> 00:20:29,413
John Reeds knows about God
and is a pretty good mayor.

321
00:20:29,413 --> 00:20:33,863
The iron room is a radiation
detector for human beings.

322
00:20:33,863 --> 00:20:36,496
Inside John the mayor,

323
00:20:36,496 --> 00:20:38,260
whose first visit to
the white man's country

324
00:20:38,260 --> 00:20:41,295
meant San Francisco cable
cars and Chicago skyscrapers

325
00:20:41,295 --> 00:20:43,889
and streamlined trains,

326
00:20:43,889 --> 00:20:46,456
whose first visit to
the white man's country

327
00:20:46,456 --> 00:20:48,123
meant the iron room.

328
00:20:49,699 --> 00:20:52,652
A savage governs his life by ritual

329
00:20:52,652 --> 00:20:54,543
and he understands this because

330
00:20:54,543 --> 00:20:56,648
he thinks of it as a new ritual.

331
00:20:56,648 --> 00:20:59,266
Sitting alone inside the room,

332
00:20:59,266 --> 00:21:03,361
outside, a strange kind of
priest in a long, white coat.

333
00:21:03,361 --> 00:21:05,521
When the ritual of the iron
room was over for John,

334
00:21:05,521 --> 00:21:07,288
it began for the others.

335
00:21:07,288 --> 00:21:10,102
As each finished, he was told it was over

336
00:21:10,102 --> 00:21:13,269
and he was given apples and
other good things to eat.

337
00:21:13,269 --> 00:21:15,564
Then he took off the ritual clothing

338
00:21:15,564 --> 00:21:18,120
and the seven men put on
the suits and top coats

339
00:21:18,120 --> 00:21:20,006
they had been lent in Hawaii

340
00:21:20,006 --> 00:21:22,419
which they would return in
Hawaii on their way back

341
00:21:22,419 --> 00:21:27,187
in the Marshall Islands in the
middle of the Pacific Ocean.

342
00:21:27,187 --> 00:21:28,900
- The United States government documents

343
00:21:28,900 --> 00:21:32,135
clearly demonstrate that its scientists

344
00:21:32,135 --> 00:21:34,347
conducted human radiation experiments

345
00:21:34,347 --> 00:21:37,141
with Marshallese citizens.

346
00:21:37,141 --> 00:21:38,722
Some of our people were injected with

347
00:21:38,722 --> 00:21:42,722
or coerced to drink fluids
laced with radiation.

348
00:21:44,311 --> 00:21:47,852
Other experimentation
involved the impurposeful

349
00:21:47,852 --> 00:21:51,028
and premature resettlement of people

350
00:21:51,028 --> 00:21:54,420
on islands highly
contaminated by weapons tests

351
00:21:54,420 --> 00:21:58,367
to study how human beings absorb radiation

352
00:21:58,367 --> 00:22:01,240
from their foods and environment.

353
00:22:01,240 --> 00:22:03,823
(guitar music)

354
00:22:06,092 --> 00:22:08,894
- [John Narrating] These
people are guinea pigs.

355
00:22:08,894 --> 00:22:13,141
They are part of the
experiment Project 4.1.

356
00:22:13,141 --> 00:22:15,439
They're being returned to Rongelap,

357
00:22:15,439 --> 00:22:19,356
an island 100 miles from
Bikini by the US Navy.

358
00:22:20,414 --> 00:22:24,581
They were told repeatedly,
it was safe to go home.

359
00:22:26,465 --> 00:22:30,632
This happy couple believed
they were going home to safety.

360
00:22:31,626 --> 00:22:35,618
The man is John Anjain,
the mayor of Rongelap.

361
00:22:35,618 --> 00:22:40,068
The "happy savage" from
the iron room in Chicago.

362
00:22:40,068 --> 00:22:44,235
His wife is Madura, and this
is their baby son Lekage.

363
00:22:45,149 --> 00:22:48,982
They had no idea of the
horror that lay ahead.

364
00:22:51,332 --> 00:22:53,549
They are being returned to an island

365
00:22:53,549 --> 00:22:57,346
described by a US atomic energy official

366
00:22:57,346 --> 00:23:01,429
"as by far the most
contaminated place on earth."

367
00:23:02,433 --> 00:23:05,590
He added, "it will be
interesting to get a measure

368
00:23:05,590 --> 00:23:07,778
"of human uptake when people

369
00:23:07,778 --> 00:23:10,861
"live in a contaminated environment."

370
00:23:14,439 --> 00:23:18,661
The people of Rongelap
remained on their poison island

371
00:23:18,661 --> 00:23:20,994
for 28 years as guinea pigs.

372
00:23:22,724 --> 00:23:26,641
The objects of regular,
scientific examination.

373
00:24:04,638 --> 00:24:07,009
(bell rings)

374
00:24:07,009 --> 00:24:10,380
The islanders pleaded
with the US authorities

375
00:24:10,380 --> 00:24:13,611
to move them to safety as evidence emerged

376
00:24:13,611 --> 00:24:15,695
of the second generation,

377
00:24:15,695 --> 00:24:18,362
the children were also poisoned.

378
00:24:35,063 --> 00:24:37,287
Desperate to leave, the islanders

379
00:24:37,287 --> 00:24:41,003
called on Greenpeace to rescue them.

380
00:24:41,003 --> 00:24:43,654
This ship, the Rainbow Warrior,

381
00:24:43,654 --> 00:24:47,821
moved the entire population
to an uncontaminated island.

382
00:24:48,934 --> 00:24:51,601
They called it Operation Exodus.

383
00:24:53,338 --> 00:24:55,921
(native music)

384
00:25:29,521 --> 00:25:31,822
(eerie music)

385
00:25:31,822 --> 00:25:34,168
This is Doctor Robert Conard,

386
00:25:34,168 --> 00:25:36,227
a leading medical scientist

387
00:25:36,227 --> 00:25:39,719
of Brookhaven National Laboratories.

388
00:25:39,719 --> 00:25:43,131
Conard devoted his distinguished career

389
00:25:43,131 --> 00:25:45,381
to examining the islanders.

390
00:25:50,238 --> 00:25:53,969
He wrote, "the habitation of
these people on the island

391
00:25:53,969 --> 00:25:58,645
"will afford the most valuable
ecological radiation data

392
00:25:58,645 --> 00:26:00,062
"on human beings.

393
00:26:01,035 --> 00:26:03,923
"The various radio isotopes present

394
00:26:03,923 --> 00:26:07,877
"can be traced from the
soil to the food chain

395
00:26:07,877 --> 00:26:09,877
"and into human beings."

396
00:26:15,238 --> 00:26:19,415
Doctor Conard gained the
trust of whole communities

397
00:26:19,415 --> 00:26:22,834
when he brought the islanders
to New York to be examined,

398
00:26:22,834 --> 00:26:25,004
he showed them the sights

399
00:26:25,004 --> 00:26:27,754
and had them over for a barbecue.

400
00:26:35,146 --> 00:26:38,729
When John Anjain's son
Lekage died aged 18,

401
00:26:40,260 --> 00:26:43,962
Doctor Conard sent the
man they called a savage

402
00:26:43,962 --> 00:26:45,729
a sympathy card.

403
00:26:45,729 --> 00:26:47,562
From your friend, Bob.

404
00:26:51,889 --> 00:26:56,056
In 1957, Madura Anjain was
the smiling young woman

405
00:26:57,310 --> 00:27:00,664
seen here on her way back to Rongelap,

406
00:27:00,664 --> 00:27:04,581
unaware of the danger
she and her family faced.

407
00:27:08,220 --> 00:27:11,459
This is Madura 28 years later,

408
00:27:11,459 --> 00:27:13,121
grieving the death of her son

409
00:27:13,121 --> 00:27:15,788
Lekage from radiation poisoning.

410
00:28:46,771 --> 00:28:48,802
Like her son and her husband,

411
00:28:48,802 --> 00:28:51,719
Madura died from a virulent cancer.

412
00:28:54,246 --> 00:28:57,813
- I don't see any great
clinics that have been

413
00:28:57,813 --> 00:29:01,172
established by, if not
the Department of Energy,

414
00:29:01,172 --> 00:29:04,108
certainly not by the US government.

415
00:29:04,108 --> 00:29:06,728
- There's a clinic downtown in Majuro.

416
00:29:06,728 --> 00:29:08,715
There's also a Whole Body Counter.

417
00:29:08,715 --> 00:29:11,773
You can have the plutonium in
your body measured as well.

418
00:29:11,773 --> 00:29:13,523
Anyone can, for free.

419
00:29:15,764 --> 00:29:18,999
- [John Narrating] This is
the plutonium measuring shop

420
00:29:18,999 --> 00:29:23,100
where they'll tell you
how radioactive you are.

421
00:29:23,100 --> 00:29:25,333
People waiting to be tested

422
00:29:25,333 --> 00:29:27,229
are welcomed with a video

423
00:29:27,229 --> 00:29:30,312
showing their islands being blown up.

424
00:29:35,769 --> 00:29:38,818
And this reassuring commentary.

425
00:29:38,818 --> 00:29:42,318
(speaks foreign language)

426
00:29:57,941 --> 00:29:59,946
This is Rinok, a refugee from

427
00:29:59,946 --> 00:30:03,161
the poisoned island of Rongelap,

428
00:30:03,161 --> 00:30:07,328
whose family owned land and
lived a secure, prosperous life.

429
00:30:08,314 --> 00:30:12,181
Now she lives in a shack
in the capital, Majuro,

430
00:30:12,181 --> 00:30:15,181
with her children and grandchildren.

431
00:30:16,345 --> 00:30:19,012
She has no water, no sanitation.

432
00:30:34,899 --> 00:30:38,232
- [John] And power, she has electricity?

433
00:30:47,033 --> 00:30:50,106
- [John Narrating] In
1986, the United States

434
00:30:50,106 --> 00:30:54,404
granted limited independence
to the Marshall Islanders

435
00:30:54,404 --> 00:30:57,665
on condition that they accepted a mere

436
00:30:57,665 --> 00:31:01,130
150 million dollars compensation

437
00:31:01,130 --> 00:31:05,360
for the damage caused by nuclear testing.

438
00:31:05,360 --> 00:31:07,517
A claims tribunal was set up

439
00:31:07,517 --> 00:31:09,786
and soon ran out of money

440
00:31:09,786 --> 00:31:14,600
and appealed to the US Congress
more than a decade ago,

441
00:31:14,600 --> 00:31:16,350
still awaits a reply.

442
00:31:36,822 --> 00:31:40,604
Darlene Keju-Johnson was
a young health worker

443
00:31:40,604 --> 00:31:43,200
who became the champion of her people

444
00:31:43,200 --> 00:31:46,852
after she discovered the full
extent of their suffering

445
00:31:46,852 --> 00:31:49,454
caused by nuclear testing that

446
00:31:49,454 --> 00:31:54,253
many more islands were poisoned
than the Americans claimed.

447
00:31:54,253 --> 00:31:55,156
(applause)

448
00:31:55,156 --> 00:31:59,239
This remarkable speech in
1983 broke the silence.

449
00:32:00,230 --> 00:32:04,238
- I bring greetings from
the Marshall Islands

450
00:32:04,238 --> 00:32:07,200
and throughout Micronesia.

451
00:32:07,200 --> 00:32:11,630
We have hundreds of women
who have miscarriages.

452
00:32:11,630 --> 00:32:13,784
We have leukemia cancers.

453
00:32:13,784 --> 00:32:15,628
We have thyroid cancers.

454
00:32:15,628 --> 00:32:17,937
We have stillborn babies.

455
00:32:17,937 --> 00:32:21,273
We have nowadays, I
just got back from home

456
00:32:21,273 --> 00:32:25,276
and I've talked to many women
and men in the population,

457
00:32:25,276 --> 00:32:29,014
is that we have babies
we call jellyfish babies.

458
00:32:29,014 --> 00:32:31,128
A baby is born on a labor table

459
00:32:31,128 --> 00:32:33,858
and it moves up and down like this.

460
00:32:33,858 --> 00:32:35,339
It's a colorful, ugly thing

461
00:32:35,339 --> 00:32:37,743
and it is not shaped like a human being.

462
00:32:37,743 --> 00:32:40,844
It moves up and down like
this on a labor table

463
00:32:40,844 --> 00:32:43,041
because that thing is breathing.

464
00:32:43,041 --> 00:32:44,291
That is a baby.

465
00:32:47,657 --> 00:32:52,492
- [John Narrating] In 1982,
Darlene married Giff Johnson,

466
00:32:52,492 --> 00:32:55,742
the author of this tribute to his wife.

467
00:32:57,799 --> 00:33:00,549
- Darlene was one of the liveliest,

468
00:33:00,549 --> 00:33:04,048
most entertaining individuals that

469
00:33:04,048 --> 00:33:07,712
I have ever had the pleasure of knowing.

470
00:33:07,712 --> 00:33:10,545
She was a voice for the voiceless.

471
00:33:13,313 --> 00:33:16,405
- [John Narrating] Like so
many Marshall Islanders,

472
00:33:16,405 --> 00:33:18,988
Darlene died of cancer, age 45.

473
00:33:28,374 --> 00:33:32,378
This is the largest of
the islands, Kwajalein,

474
00:33:32,378 --> 00:33:35,975
occupied by one of
America's most important

475
00:33:35,975 --> 00:33:37,642
and secretive bases.

476
00:33:40,073 --> 00:33:42,839
Known as the Ronald Reagan Test Site,

477
00:33:42,839 --> 00:33:44,978
it's a missile launch pad that commands

478
00:33:44,978 --> 00:33:48,978
the Pacific Ocean all the
way to Asia and China.

479
00:33:52,184 --> 00:33:54,684
(waves crash)

480
00:33:55,762 --> 00:33:58,513
Here, the people of the Marshall Islands

481
00:33:58,513 --> 00:34:01,323
are once again being
subjected to the testing

482
00:34:01,323 --> 00:34:05,490
of weapons of mass destruction
designed for a coming war.

483
00:34:10,453 --> 00:34:13,430
The base is part of a remarkable plan

484
00:34:13,430 --> 00:34:15,180
known as Vision 2020.

485
00:34:16,848 --> 00:34:20,152
Devised in the 1990's,
its aim is described

486
00:34:20,152 --> 00:34:23,319
officially as full-spectrum dominance.

487
00:34:24,854 --> 00:34:28,271
This means control of all land, sea, air,

488
00:34:29,550 --> 00:34:31,383
cyberspace, and space.

489
00:34:32,743 --> 00:34:35,910
- [Radio] Five, four, three, two, one,

490
00:34:37,800 --> 00:34:38,633
ignition.

491
00:34:40,898 --> 00:34:45,009
- [John Narrating] From
California, almost 5000 miles away,

492
00:34:45,009 --> 00:34:49,016
the US Air Force tests it's
intercontinental missiles

493
00:34:49,016 --> 00:34:52,266
by firing them at the Marshall Islands.

494
00:34:54,856 --> 00:34:57,816
- Imagine a missile coming
screaming out of the sky.

495
00:34:57,816 --> 00:34:59,902
It's absolutely terrifying.

496
00:34:59,902 --> 00:35:04,069
I think that there's really
nothing that I can imagine

497
00:35:04,905 --> 00:35:07,970
that would be more terrifying than this.

498
00:35:07,970 --> 00:35:11,607
And we're talking about devices that

499
00:35:11,607 --> 00:35:14,607
any one of them could go off course.

500
00:35:15,880 --> 00:35:18,808
- [John Narrating] None of
this disturbs life on the base,

501
00:35:18,808 --> 00:35:22,576
where small town America
has been recreated,

502
00:35:22,576 --> 00:35:25,826
a wonderland of the suburban good life.

503
00:35:27,986 --> 00:35:28,986
- Thank you.

504
00:35:31,271 --> 00:35:33,488
(upbeat music)

505
00:35:33,488 --> 00:35:34,625
- Fabulous.

506
00:35:34,625 --> 00:35:37,754
There's nothing better than
living on a tropical island.

507
00:35:37,754 --> 00:35:40,282
- I pretty much have
beachfront property, you know?

508
00:35:40,282 --> 00:35:42,532
It's great, I love it here.

509
00:35:51,547 --> 00:35:55,122
- [John Narrating] Just across
the bay is Ebeye Island.

510
00:35:55,122 --> 00:35:57,533
Known as the slum of the Pacific,

511
00:35:57,533 --> 00:36:00,444
more than 12,000 people live here

512
00:36:00,444 --> 00:36:04,213
on a strip of land less than a mile long.

513
00:36:04,213 --> 00:36:08,631
Many of them refugees from
what is now the missile base

514
00:36:08,631 --> 00:36:12,381
and from islands poisoned
by nuclear testing.

515
00:36:16,209 --> 00:36:18,332
Every day, people from Ebeye are

516
00:36:18,332 --> 00:36:21,020
brought to work on the missile base

517
00:36:21,020 --> 00:36:24,353
to water the gardens and the golf course

518
00:36:27,054 --> 00:36:30,721
then they are ferried
back to their poverty.

519
00:36:33,482 --> 00:36:36,232
This is apartheid in the Pacific.

520
00:36:50,294 --> 00:36:52,711
(flies buzz)

521
00:37:00,995 --> 00:37:02,941
- Ebeye needs a lot of things.

522
00:37:02,941 --> 00:37:05,441
Medicine, education, and jobs.

523
00:37:06,298 --> 00:37:08,131
Vegetables and fruits.

524
00:37:09,073 --> 00:37:10,567
- Vegetables and fruits.

525
00:37:10,567 --> 00:37:11,400
- Yes.

526
00:37:11,400 --> 00:37:13,341
- Here we are, it's a tropical island,

527
00:37:13,341 --> 00:37:14,652
and you need vegetables and fruits.

528
00:37:14,652 --> 00:37:15,485
- Yes.

529
00:37:17,813 --> 00:37:20,154
- [John Narrating] Fish,
vegetables and fruit

530
00:37:20,154 --> 00:37:22,487
were once abundant on Ebeye.

531
00:37:24,067 --> 00:37:28,441
Today, fish is contaminated
by toxic pollutants

532
00:37:28,441 --> 00:37:31,858
says the Environmental Protection Agency.

533
00:37:34,287 --> 00:37:37,277
Now the only food most people can afford

534
00:37:37,277 --> 00:37:40,128
is processed and imported.

535
00:37:40,128 --> 00:37:44,295
They have the highest rate
of diabetes in the world.

536
00:37:49,906 --> 00:37:52,851
- When someone gets really ill,

537
00:37:52,851 --> 00:37:55,082
do they go to the
hospital over on the base

538
00:37:55,082 --> 00:37:59,249
because they've got a pretty
modern clinic over there.

539
00:38:00,491 --> 00:38:03,658
- They don't treat them with medicine.

540
00:38:04,920 --> 00:38:09,669
They just go there for taking
the plug and then x-ray.

541
00:38:09,669 --> 00:38:12,942
- So what happens when
somebody is seriously ill?

542
00:38:12,942 --> 00:38:15,472
- They cannot do anything.

543
00:38:15,472 --> 00:38:18,389
- The most consistent example given

544
00:38:19,762 --> 00:38:23,762
is the example of the
Ronald Reagan Missile Site

545
00:38:24,832 --> 00:38:27,228
and Ebeye next to it.

546
00:38:27,228 --> 00:38:29,718
On the Ronald Reagan Missile Site

547
00:38:29,718 --> 00:38:33,055
is a vivid example of the United States,

548
00:38:33,055 --> 00:38:35,638
golf courses and swimming pools

549
00:38:36,804 --> 00:38:39,054
and all kinds of amenities.

550
00:38:40,278 --> 00:38:44,320
Right next to it is what is
called the slum of the Pacific.

551
00:38:44,320 --> 00:38:45,590
- It's a challenge.

552
00:38:45,590 --> 00:38:48,842
Ebeye is in great need right now.

553
00:38:48,842 --> 00:38:50,860
We've talked about infrastructure.

554
00:38:50,860 --> 00:38:53,543
One of the projects the US is working with

555
00:38:53,543 --> 00:38:57,068
our Australian colleagues and
with the Asia Development Bank

556
00:38:57,068 --> 00:39:00,355
is a sewer and water project
desperately needed for Ebeye.

557
00:39:00,355 --> 00:39:02,927
Ebeye's overcrowded,
the schools need repair.

558
00:39:02,927 --> 00:39:07,362
- Actually, the US military
did a survey back in the 70's

559
00:39:07,362 --> 00:39:09,201
and found that the sewers didn't work

560
00:39:09,201 --> 00:39:12,522
and the water didn't run and
the electricity wasn't there.

561
00:39:12,522 --> 00:39:14,173
It only happened not all that long ago

562
00:39:14,173 --> 00:39:16,464
they found almost exactly the same thing.

563
00:39:16,464 --> 00:39:18,794
Why hasn't that been fixed?

564
00:39:18,794 --> 00:39:21,859
- There's complete agreement
that Ebeye should be a priority

565
00:39:21,859 --> 00:39:24,462
and not only because of
the current activities

566
00:39:24,462 --> 00:39:27,810
of the Ronald Reagan Space
and Missile Defense Site,

567
00:39:27,810 --> 00:39:31,248
but there's also now
an additional component

568
00:39:31,248 --> 00:39:33,676
that is providing for global security

569
00:39:33,676 --> 00:39:38,070
and that's the Space Fence
Project by the Air Force.

570
00:39:38,070 --> 00:39:39,942
- [John Narrating] Every missile fired

571
00:39:39,942 --> 00:39:43,289
on the Marshall Islands by the US military

572
00:39:43,289 --> 00:39:45,872
costs 100 million dollars each.

573
00:39:48,348 --> 00:39:52,901
This derelict school bus
is the only one on Ebeye.

574
00:39:52,901 --> 00:39:55,568
They can't afford to replace it.

575
00:40:10,352 --> 00:40:13,003
- The base is not good for us,

576
00:40:13,003 --> 00:40:17,390
the people of Marshall Islands,
we have no need for it.

577
00:40:17,390 --> 00:40:19,267
- [John] It's been used to test missiles

578
00:40:19,267 --> 00:40:21,934
to fire at countries like China.

579
00:40:23,442 --> 00:40:27,627
- Yes, and anywhere else if they want to.

580
00:40:27,627 --> 00:40:32,034
- [John] What would you
like to see happen there?

581
00:40:32,034 --> 00:40:33,951
- I want our land back.

582
00:40:41,738 --> 00:40:44,321
(violin music)

583
00:40:48,668 --> 00:40:50,226
- [John Narrating] This is Shanghai,

584
00:40:50,226 --> 00:40:53,246
the historic port on the Yangtze River,

585
00:40:53,246 --> 00:40:55,079
China's greatest city.

586
00:40:58,406 --> 00:41:00,578
I have arranged to meet
the American author

587
00:41:00,578 --> 00:41:03,938
James Bradley, whose
latest best-selling book

588
00:41:03,938 --> 00:41:08,105
The China Mirage, reveals an
extraordinary hidden history

589
00:41:09,093 --> 00:41:12,762
of American power and modern China.

590
00:41:12,762 --> 00:41:15,876
- It was almost illegal
for someone like me

591
00:41:15,876 --> 00:41:18,870
to know of Chinese for almost
all of American history.

592
00:41:18,870 --> 00:41:22,064
The Chinese came to America to mine gold

593
00:41:22,064 --> 00:41:24,722
and build the railroads
and Americans decided

594
00:41:24,722 --> 00:41:26,324
we didn't like the competition,

595
00:41:26,324 --> 00:41:29,887
so in 1882 we had the
Chinese Exclusion Acts

596
00:41:29,887 --> 00:41:32,651
which kept the Chinese
out of the United States

597
00:41:32,651 --> 00:41:34,508
for about 100 years.

598
00:41:34,508 --> 00:41:37,407
So you have the largest
population in the world

599
00:41:37,407 --> 00:41:39,507
that can't come to the United States,

600
00:41:39,507 --> 00:41:41,103
so at just the point we're putting up

601
00:41:41,103 --> 00:41:44,253
the Statue of Liberty
saying, we welcome everybody,

602
00:41:44,253 --> 00:41:46,305
we were erecting a wall saying,

603
00:41:46,305 --> 00:41:49,805
we welcome everybody except those Chinese.

604
00:41:51,429 --> 00:41:54,135
- [John Narrating] Fear
of a rising China today

605
00:41:54,135 --> 00:41:57,463
is the latest chapter in
a history of propaganda

606
00:41:57,463 --> 00:42:01,630
that presented the Chinese
as uncouth and infantile.

607
00:42:08,451 --> 00:42:11,779
To western popular and political culture,

608
00:42:11,779 --> 00:42:15,132
the Chinese became the Yellow Peril.

609
00:42:15,132 --> 00:42:16,255
(piano music)

610
00:42:16,255 --> 00:42:20,243
And racial stereotypes
bore the constant theme

611
00:42:20,243 --> 00:42:21,826
of fear and threat.

612
00:42:23,881 --> 00:42:28,082
- [Announcer] Boris Karloff
as the evil Fu Manchu.

613
00:42:28,082 --> 00:42:32,165
His passion for power
twisting his brilliant mind

614
00:42:33,744 --> 00:42:37,911
as he revels in the horrors of
human sacrifice and torture.

615
00:42:43,061 --> 00:42:45,478
Behind the mask of Fu Manchu.

616
00:42:49,862 --> 00:42:53,380
- [John Narrating] This
caricature of an entire people

617
00:42:53,380 --> 00:42:56,047
concealed another agenda: opium.

618
00:43:02,258 --> 00:43:05,386
For the American elite
in the 19th century,

619
00:43:05,386 --> 00:43:07,969
China was a goal mine of drugs.

620
00:43:10,384 --> 00:43:11,398
- Warren Delano,

621
00:43:11,398 --> 00:43:14,328
the grandfather of
Franklin Delano Roosevelt,

622
00:43:14,328 --> 00:43:16,769
was the American opium king of China.

623
00:43:16,769 --> 00:43:19,152
He was the biggest American opium dealer

624
00:43:19,152 --> 00:43:20,709
second to the British.

625
00:43:20,709 --> 00:43:24,364
He welcomed the first
American ship into China

626
00:43:24,364 --> 00:43:26,786
to help out with the opium wars.

627
00:43:26,786 --> 00:43:28,771
Much of the east coast of America,

628
00:43:28,771 --> 00:43:32,259
Columbia, Harvard, Yale, Princeton,

629
00:43:32,259 --> 00:43:34,509
were born from opium money.

630
00:43:36,594 --> 00:43:38,992
The American Industrial Revolution

631
00:43:38,992 --> 00:43:41,848
was funded by huge pools of money.

632
00:43:41,848 --> 00:43:42,681
Where did this come from?

633
00:43:42,681 --> 00:43:44,562
It came from illegal drugs

634
00:43:44,562 --> 00:43:48,002
in the biggest market in the world: China.

635
00:43:48,002 --> 00:43:48,835
- Let me get this right.

636
00:43:48,835 --> 00:43:53,002
The grandfather of arguably
the most liberal president,

637
00:43:54,636 --> 00:43:58,511
Franklin Delano Roosevelt,
was a drug runner.

638
00:43:58,511 --> 00:43:59,344
- Yes sir.

639
00:43:59,344 --> 00:44:03,340
Franklin Delano Roosevelt never
made much money in his life.

640
00:44:03,340 --> 00:44:06,808
He had public service jobs
that were very lowly paid,

641
00:44:06,808 --> 00:44:09,175
but he had yachts, he had summer homes,

642
00:44:09,175 --> 00:44:11,032
he had mansions in New York City.

643
00:44:11,032 --> 00:44:13,145
The kids went to private schools.

644
00:44:13,145 --> 00:44:17,032
He inherited a fortune from
Warren Delano, his father,

645
00:44:17,032 --> 00:44:20,828
who was the American opium king of China.

646
00:44:20,828 --> 00:44:24,606
If you scratch anyone with
the name Forbes in their name,

647
00:44:24,606 --> 00:44:29,046
John Forbes Kerry, Secretary
of State John Forbes Kerry--

648
00:44:29,046 --> 00:44:30,625
- That's the present Secretary of State.

649
00:44:30,625 --> 00:44:31,476
- Yes sir.

650
00:44:31,476 --> 00:44:32,981
You'll find opium money.

651
00:44:32,981 --> 00:44:36,763
His great-grandfather was an opium dealer.

652
00:44:36,763 --> 00:44:38,236
How big was opium money?

653
00:44:38,236 --> 00:44:40,860
Opium money built the
first industrial city

654
00:44:40,860 --> 00:44:43,923
in the United States,
Lowell, Massachusetts.

655
00:44:43,923 --> 00:44:47,238
It built the first five
railroads in the United States.

656
00:44:47,238 --> 00:44:49,314
Opium money all over the east coast,

657
00:44:49,314 --> 00:44:50,478
but it wasn't talked about.

658
00:44:50,478 --> 00:44:52,430
It was called the China Trade.

659
00:44:52,430 --> 00:44:54,759
And if you go to various museums,

660
00:44:54,759 --> 00:44:57,759
you can see teas and silks exhibited

661
00:44:59,093 --> 00:45:03,905
and they keep quiet about
all that big opium money.

662
00:45:03,905 --> 00:45:06,657
- [John Narrating] In the
scramble to get opium money,

663
00:45:06,657 --> 00:45:09,269
China was invaded and colonized

664
00:45:09,269 --> 00:45:12,686
by Britain and the other imperial powers.

665
00:45:15,002 --> 00:45:18,752
Foreign armies grabbed
whole swaths of China.

666
00:45:19,795 --> 00:45:22,919
This is the American
army in Tiananmen Square,

667
00:45:22,919 --> 00:45:24,252
Peking, in 1900.

668
00:45:27,730 --> 00:45:30,854
Great cities like Shanghai were taken over

669
00:45:30,854 --> 00:45:32,854
and declared concessions

670
00:45:34,262 --> 00:45:37,640
and foreigners lived a life
of privilege and luxury

671
00:45:37,640 --> 00:45:41,557
amidst terrible poverty
imposed on the Chinese.

672
00:45:51,531 --> 00:45:54,980
A resistance known as the Boxer Rebellion

673
00:45:54,980 --> 00:45:57,397
was put down with a savagery.

674
00:45:58,976 --> 00:46:01,672
This rape of China set the tone

675
00:46:01,672 --> 00:46:04,516
for how China was perceived in the West

676
00:46:04,516 --> 00:46:06,766
well into the 20th century.

677
00:46:09,139 --> 00:46:11,722
This is the distinguished historian

678
00:46:11,722 --> 00:46:16,476
Theodore H. White, an
advisor to the White House,

679
00:46:16,476 --> 00:46:18,393
speaking in the 1960's.

680
00:46:19,365 --> 00:46:24,203
- Perhaps China is too vast
to be governed by mercy.

681
00:46:24,203 --> 00:46:26,953
Yet if Chinese mind craves order,

682
00:46:28,262 --> 00:46:29,866
they must be brought to recognize

683
00:46:29,866 --> 00:46:34,033
they are the biggest factor
in the world's disorder.

684
00:46:35,410 --> 00:46:39,327
And we must untangle the
madness of their mind.

685
00:46:40,625 --> 00:46:42,755
The most difficult task in the world

686
00:46:42,755 --> 00:46:46,255
is to reach the minds of men who hate you.

687
00:46:47,590 --> 00:46:50,208
- [John Narrating] What White
was really complaining about

688
00:46:50,208 --> 00:46:52,106
was the loss of a China that

689
00:46:52,106 --> 00:46:55,162
the imperial West could dominate

690
00:46:55,162 --> 00:46:59,017
and the defeat of General Chiang Kai-Shek,

691
00:46:59,017 --> 00:47:02,558
who with his famously
powerful Christian wife,

692
00:47:02,558 --> 00:47:06,725
Mei-ling Soong, guarded
America's interests in China.

693
00:47:08,409 --> 00:47:12,727
That is, until they
were thrown out in 1949

694
00:47:12,727 --> 00:47:16,394
by a communist revolution
led by Mao Zedong.

695
00:47:17,782 --> 00:47:20,765
- Mao had beaten Chiang
Kai-Shek three times

696
00:47:20,765 --> 00:47:24,607
in huge battles involving
millions of combatants.

697
00:47:24,607 --> 00:47:27,261
Mao was a winner in this contest from

698
00:47:27,261 --> 00:47:30,678
the early 1930's on, but we
knew very little about it

699
00:47:30,678 --> 00:47:34,345
and people don't
understand that even today.

700
00:47:35,230 --> 00:47:37,481
- [Announcer] Shanghai
hears the message clearly

701
00:47:37,481 --> 00:47:40,657
as foreign businessmen
board up their shops.

702
00:47:40,657 --> 00:47:44,574
Go now, go quickly, for communism marches.

703
00:47:44,574 --> 00:47:47,420
Take what you can, but flee.

704
00:47:47,420 --> 00:47:49,402
In pell-mell haste, the Western powers

705
00:47:49,402 --> 00:47:51,532
evacuate the city they have built,

706
00:47:51,532 --> 00:47:54,580
for good and bad alike must leave.

707
00:47:54,580 --> 00:47:56,346
The businessmen come for profit

708
00:47:56,346 --> 00:47:59,247
as well as missionaries come to heal

709
00:47:59,247 --> 00:48:01,997
must say goodbye as out the Yancy

710
00:48:02,868 --> 00:48:04,814
steams the last of Western influence

711
00:48:04,814 --> 00:48:06,981
and farewell to a century.

712
00:48:08,267 --> 00:48:10,517
(shouting)

713
00:48:11,912 --> 00:48:14,436
- [John Narrating] Even today,
it's difficult to understand

714
00:48:14,436 --> 00:48:17,853
the paranoia ignited by Mao's revolution.

715
00:48:21,212 --> 00:48:23,388
- As we look at China on the map,

716
00:48:23,388 --> 00:48:26,438
we can see that China is the basic cause

717
00:48:26,438 --> 00:48:28,546
of all of our troubles in Asia.

718
00:48:28,546 --> 00:48:32,213
- I believe that for
the sake of our safety,

719
00:48:34,630 --> 00:48:38,797
it is necessary to be
prepared for the possibility

720
00:48:39,909 --> 00:48:43,992
of a Chinese missile attack
on the United States.

721
00:48:47,033 --> 00:48:49,363
- [John Narrating] One
of the myths about Mao

722
00:48:49,363 --> 00:48:54,236
is that he was an implacable
enemy of the capitalist West.

723
00:48:54,236 --> 00:48:56,986
(chorus singing)

724
00:49:04,695 --> 00:49:08,851
Shanghai today is a
prosperous international city

725
00:49:08,851 --> 00:49:12,684
still run by the communists,
at least in name.

726
00:49:22,213 --> 00:49:25,757
- When I was last in China
more than a generation ago,

727
00:49:25,757 --> 00:49:30,626
the loudest noise was the
tinkling of bicycle bells.

728
00:49:30,626 --> 00:49:33,655
Mao had just died, the streets were dark,

729
00:49:33,655 --> 00:49:35,493
the universities were closed.

730
00:49:35,493 --> 00:49:38,003
The chaos of the cultural revolution

731
00:49:38,003 --> 00:49:41,206
had given way to a great silence.

732
00:49:41,206 --> 00:49:45,661
"We're exhausted," was the
freest comment I heard.

733
00:49:45,661 --> 00:49:49,569
Coming back, the change
is barely comprehensible.

734
00:49:49,569 --> 00:49:53,900
Here in Shanghai, the
freedom bears no comparison.

735
00:49:53,900 --> 00:49:56,327
Yes, there are issues with human rights,

736
00:49:56,327 --> 00:49:59,293
especially the right to
speak against the state

737
00:49:59,293 --> 00:50:01,794
and challenge its power.

738
00:50:01,794 --> 00:50:04,569
Since I was last here, millions of people

739
00:50:04,569 --> 00:50:06,774
have been lifted out of poverty,

740
00:50:06,774 --> 00:50:11,283
many of them into an
entirely new middle class.

741
00:50:11,283 --> 00:50:14,564
This epic is still barely
understood in the West,

742
00:50:14,564 --> 00:50:18,064
or should that be willfully misunderstood?

743
00:50:19,076 --> 00:50:22,677
The truth is that China
has matched America

744
00:50:22,677 --> 00:50:25,730
at its own great game of capitalism

745
00:50:25,730 --> 00:50:27,813
and that is unforgivable.

746
00:50:31,606 --> 00:50:34,501
- [John Narrating] One measure
of China's new capitalism

747
00:50:34,501 --> 00:50:36,418
is the Hurun Rich List.

748
00:50:37,951 --> 00:50:40,459
This league table of China's mega-rich

749
00:50:40,459 --> 00:50:43,472
is published by Rupert Hoogewerf,

750
00:50:43,472 --> 00:50:47,139
an old Etonian whose
Chinese name is Hu Run.

751
00:50:50,031 --> 00:50:52,021
He's received many awards,

752
00:50:52,021 --> 00:50:54,854
including China's Man of the Year.

753
00:50:55,872 --> 00:50:58,859
- This year, 2015, has probably been

754
00:50:58,859 --> 00:51:01,047
the most extraordinary
year of wealth creation

755
00:51:01,047 --> 00:51:03,346
in the history of China again.

756
00:51:03,346 --> 00:51:06,238
I've been doing this
list for 15, 16 years.

757
00:51:06,238 --> 00:51:08,988
I've never seen a year like 2015.

758
00:51:10,243 --> 00:51:14,348
Normally for 200 million
pounds or 300 million dollars,

759
00:51:14,348 --> 00:51:17,618
we find say about 800,000 people.

760
00:51:17,618 --> 00:51:20,405
This year, 2015, it's doubled.

761
00:51:20,405 --> 00:51:22,851
There'll be more dollar
billionaires known about in China

762
00:51:22,851 --> 00:51:24,222
than in the US.

763
00:51:24,222 --> 00:51:25,911
So the US, up until now,

764
00:51:25,911 --> 00:51:29,262
has been the leader in terms of

765
00:51:29,262 --> 00:51:33,062
the most successful business
tycoons in the world.

766
00:51:33,062 --> 00:51:36,604
China 2015, will have overtaken the US.

767
00:51:36,604 --> 00:51:37,604
So, amazing.

768
00:51:43,400 --> 00:51:46,519
- [John Narrating] Modern China
is full of telling ironies,

769
00:51:46,519 --> 00:51:49,528
not least this museum
that was once the house

770
00:51:49,528 --> 00:51:52,587
where Mao and his
comrades secretly founded

771
00:51:52,587 --> 00:51:55,670
the communist party of China in 1921.

772
00:52:10,944 --> 00:52:14,063
Today it stands in the
heart of an exclusive,

773
00:52:14,063 --> 00:52:16,896
very capitalist shopping district.

774
00:52:26,268 --> 00:52:30,310
- When you leave this shrine
to China's great revolution,

775
00:52:30,310 --> 00:52:32,549
you're confronted by a surreal spectacle.

776
00:52:32,549 --> 00:52:33,574
For right outside where the

777
00:52:33,574 --> 00:52:36,223
Chinese communist party was born,

778
00:52:36,223 --> 00:52:39,180
are the very symbols of capitalism.

779
00:52:39,180 --> 00:52:43,396
Starbucks, Apple, Cartier,
Dolce and Gabbana,

780
00:52:43,396 --> 00:52:47,461
and down there perhaps the
free market's greatest triumph:

781
00:52:47,461 --> 00:52:51,081
bottled water that insures you live young,

782
00:52:51,081 --> 00:52:55,881
costing six pounds for a
small bottle in my hotel.

783
00:52:55,881 --> 00:52:59,333
Would Mao spin in his tomb if he was here?

784
00:52:59,333 --> 00:53:00,882
I'm not so sure.

785
00:53:00,882 --> 00:53:04,284
Hidden history is always
the key to the truth.

786
00:53:04,284 --> 00:53:08,451
Five years before his great
communist revolution in 1949,

787
00:53:09,514 --> 00:53:13,532
Mao sent this secret
message to Washington.

788
00:53:13,532 --> 00:53:16,328
"China must industrialize," wrote Mao,

789
00:53:16,328 --> 00:53:19,940
"this can only be done by free enterprise.

790
00:53:19,940 --> 00:53:23,090
"Chinese and American
interests fit together

791
00:53:23,090 --> 00:53:25,863
"economically and politically.

792
00:53:25,863 --> 00:53:29,850
"America need not fear that
we will not be cooperative.

793
00:53:29,850 --> 00:53:32,994
"We cannot risk crossing America.

794
00:53:32,994 --> 00:53:35,494
"We cannot risk any conflict."

795
00:53:36,630 --> 00:53:38,463
Mao received no reply.

796
00:53:40,176 --> 00:53:41,843
Nothing has changed.

797
00:53:45,812 --> 00:53:47,559
- Mao Zedong was looking to be a friend

798
00:53:47,559 --> 00:53:50,329
with the United States from the beginning.

799
00:53:50,329 --> 00:53:52,184
Mao says, I will go meet

800
00:53:52,184 --> 00:53:54,441
Franklin Roosevelt in the White House.

801
00:53:54,441 --> 00:53:57,330
Mao reaches out in 1950 to Harry Truman.

802
00:53:57,330 --> 00:53:59,285
He reaches out to Dwight Eisenhower.

803
00:53:59,285 --> 00:54:01,368
His hand was tossed away.

804
00:54:05,467 --> 00:54:07,234
- [John Narrating] This opportunity that

805
00:54:07,234 --> 00:54:09,227
might have changed history,

806
00:54:09,227 --> 00:54:13,141
prevented wars, saved countless lives,

807
00:54:13,141 --> 00:54:16,449
was lost because the
truth of Mao's overtures

808
00:54:16,449 --> 00:54:20,032
was denied in the
Washington of the 1950's.

809
00:54:21,450 --> 00:54:25,658
State Department officials
who had carried Mao's messages

810
00:54:25,658 --> 00:54:29,491
were condemned unjustly
as communist traitors.

811
00:54:32,278 --> 00:54:36,444
- Everybody who knew Mao,
who spoke Chinese, was gone.

812
00:54:36,444 --> 00:54:38,828
In the 1950's, the State Department

813
00:54:38,828 --> 00:54:41,745
had no employees who spoke Chinese.

814
00:54:42,754 --> 00:54:45,054
It's resulted in us not having relations

815
00:54:45,054 --> 00:54:49,221
with the number one, most
populous country in the world.

816
00:54:51,861 --> 00:54:55,069
- [John Narrating] In 1979, this man,

817
00:54:55,069 --> 00:54:58,902
Deng Xaoping, became
China's paramount leader.

818
00:54:59,907 --> 00:55:04,074
He said, "Socialism does
not mean shared poverty."

819
00:55:08,869 --> 00:55:11,037
This was code for the most radical reform

820
00:55:11,037 --> 00:55:15,204
since Mao's revolution, the
return of capitalism to China,

821
00:55:17,459 --> 00:55:21,459
but this time controlled
by the communist party.

822
00:55:24,393 --> 00:55:26,060
"To be rich is glorious,"

823
00:55:26,060 --> 00:55:29,125
Deng was reported as saying.

824
00:55:29,125 --> 00:55:31,298
America was now threatened
by the emergence

825
00:55:31,298 --> 00:55:33,465
of a vast image of itself.

826
00:55:42,373 --> 00:55:45,177
This is one of the many very exclusive

827
00:55:45,177 --> 00:55:48,346
gated communities in Shanghai

828
00:55:48,346 --> 00:55:50,577
where an apartment is one of the prizes

829
00:55:50,577 --> 00:55:52,327
of the new communism.

830
00:55:58,014 --> 00:56:01,235
I'd arranged to see
Professor Zhang Weiwei,

831
00:56:01,235 --> 00:56:04,083
a close aide to the late Deng Xiaoping,

832
00:56:04,083 --> 00:56:06,250
the man who changed China.

833
00:56:07,913 --> 00:56:12,080
- Deng is really, extremely
long-term visionary leader

834
00:56:16,114 --> 00:56:20,234
with an exceedingly
long-term at strategic vision

835
00:56:20,234 --> 00:56:22,944
for his country and for his people.

836
00:56:22,944 --> 00:56:25,873
China is still following that path.

837
00:56:25,873 --> 00:56:28,296
Actually, this is really a tradition

838
00:56:28,296 --> 00:56:30,760
from China's long history.

839
00:56:30,760 --> 00:56:33,243
You look at even like Mao.

840
00:56:33,243 --> 00:56:35,767
He said we should surpass UK,

841
00:56:35,767 --> 00:56:38,209
by which we should
surpass the United States,

842
00:56:38,209 --> 00:56:41,582
so these tradition continues to this day.

843
00:56:41,582 --> 00:56:45,101
Even Xi Jinping to this day
is also doing this idea.

844
00:56:45,101 --> 00:56:49,092
Actually, what many Chinese have problem

845
00:56:49,092 --> 00:56:52,593
with the Western media is
the stereotypes about China.

846
00:56:52,593 --> 00:56:56,760
If you contend with stereotypes,
you miss so many things.

847
00:56:58,025 --> 00:57:00,491
If BBC broadcast something,

848
00:57:00,491 --> 00:57:03,915
they are happy to always mention
the communist dictatorship,

849
00:57:03,915 --> 00:57:05,165
this autocracy.

850
00:57:06,079 --> 00:57:08,006
Actually, with this kind of label

851
00:57:08,006 --> 00:57:11,597
you cannot understand this China as it is.

852
00:57:11,597 --> 00:57:15,347
But if you watch BBC or
CNN or read Economist

853
00:57:18,587 --> 00:57:21,845
and try to understand
China, it will be a failure.

854
00:57:21,845 --> 00:57:23,178
It's impossible.

855
00:57:24,351 --> 00:57:26,489
- Multiple parties fight
for political power

856
00:57:26,489 --> 00:57:28,098
and everyone holding on to them

857
00:57:28,098 --> 00:57:29,562
as the only path to salvation

858
00:57:29,562 --> 00:57:31,742
to the long-suffering, developing world.

859
00:57:31,742 --> 00:57:32,780
- [John Narrating] This is Eric Li,

860
00:57:32,780 --> 00:57:36,414
a Shanghai entrepreneur
educated in America

861
00:57:36,414 --> 00:57:38,954
and typical of a new, confident,

862
00:57:38,954 --> 00:57:41,121
outspoken political class.

863
00:57:42,889 --> 00:57:46,129
- In China, there are a lot of problems.

864
00:57:46,129 --> 00:57:50,719
But at the moment, the
Chinese, the party state,

865
00:57:50,719 --> 00:57:55,085
has proven an extraordinary
ability to change.

866
00:57:55,085 --> 00:57:56,548
I make the joke:

867
00:57:56,548 --> 00:58:00,125
in America you can
change political parties

868
00:58:00,125 --> 00:58:03,287
but you can't change the policies.

869
00:58:03,287 --> 00:58:05,119
In China you cannot change the party

870
00:58:05,119 --> 00:58:07,452
but you can change policies.

871
00:58:08,772 --> 00:58:13,538
In 65 or 66 years, China has
been run by one single party

872
00:58:13,538 --> 00:58:17,815
yet the political changes
that have taken place

873
00:58:17,815 --> 00:58:21,482
in China these past 66
years have been wider

874
00:58:22,498 --> 00:58:25,167
and broader and greater than probably

875
00:58:25,167 --> 00:58:27,858
any other major country in modern memory.

876
00:58:27,858 --> 00:58:30,282
- So in that time, China
ceased to be communist.

877
00:58:30,282 --> 00:58:31,552
Is that what you're saying?

878
00:58:31,552 --> 00:58:34,910
- Well, China is a market economy.

879
00:58:34,910 --> 00:58:36,066
It's a vibrant market economy

880
00:58:36,066 --> 00:58:38,087
but it is not a capitalist country.

881
00:58:38,087 --> 00:58:39,004
Here's why.

882
00:58:41,095 --> 00:58:44,171
There's no way a group of billionaires

883
00:58:44,171 --> 00:58:46,671
could control the party bureau

884
00:58:47,859 --> 00:58:51,776
as billionaires control
American policy making.

885
00:58:53,308 --> 00:58:56,207
So in China, you have a
vibrant market economy

886
00:58:56,207 --> 00:59:00,374
but capital does not rise
above political authority.

887
00:59:01,298 --> 00:59:04,548
Capital does not have enshrined rights.

888
00:59:07,024 --> 00:59:09,142
In America, capital,

889
00:59:09,142 --> 00:59:11,457
the interest of capital and capital itself

890
00:59:11,457 --> 00:59:14,457
has risen above the American nation.

891
00:59:16,316 --> 00:59:19,759
The political authority cannot
check the power of capital.

892
00:59:19,759 --> 00:59:21,731
That's why America is a capitalist country

893
00:59:21,731 --> 00:59:23,064
but China's not.

894
00:59:25,805 --> 00:59:27,354
- [John Narrating] This
is the ironic title

895
00:59:27,354 --> 00:59:30,940
of a best-selling book by Zhang Lijia,

896
00:59:30,940 --> 00:59:35,487
a journalist and critic
who lives in Beijing.

897
00:59:35,487 --> 00:59:38,529
- Many Americans imagine
that the Chinese people

898
00:59:38,529 --> 00:59:42,696
live a miserable, repressed
life with no freedom whatsoever.

899
00:59:47,200 --> 00:59:48,365
That's not quite true.

900
00:59:48,365 --> 00:59:52,497
If you speak to many
ordinary Chinese people,

901
00:59:52,497 --> 00:59:55,892
they will tell you they feel
their lives are quite free.

902
00:59:55,892 --> 00:59:59,163
Some 500 million people
have been lifted off poverty

903
00:59:59,163 --> 01:00:01,354
and some would say probably
600 million people.

904
01:00:01,354 --> 01:00:03,604
That's a great achievement.

905
01:00:05,206 --> 01:00:09,874
For many Americans, the Yellow
Peril has never left them.

906
01:00:09,874 --> 01:00:12,972
I think there's a fear about China.

907
01:00:12,972 --> 01:00:15,224
There's a fear of China's rapid rise,

908
01:00:15,224 --> 01:00:18,381
but it also has a lot to do with China's

909
01:00:18,381 --> 01:00:20,631
label as a communist state.

910
01:00:24,854 --> 01:00:27,153
- China's objectives are modest

911
01:00:27,153 --> 01:00:29,403
compared with their weight.

912
01:00:30,785 --> 01:00:32,943
They're not trying to run the world.

913
01:00:32,943 --> 01:00:36,187
They're not even trying
to run the Asian-Pacific.

914
01:00:36,187 --> 01:00:38,889
I think they want to keep America

915
01:00:38,889 --> 01:00:42,171
from dominating the Asian-Pacific.

916
01:00:42,171 --> 01:00:45,346
So they have what they believe

917
01:00:45,346 --> 01:00:47,855
is their rightful place
in the Asian-Pacific,

918
01:00:47,855 --> 01:00:48,688
because of all civilizations

919
01:00:48,688 --> 01:00:50,671
and all the history on their side,

920
01:00:50,671 --> 01:00:52,466
so their objectives are really modest

921
01:00:52,466 --> 01:00:54,883
compared with their capacity.

922
01:00:55,808 --> 01:00:58,211
- The new wealth in China,

923
01:00:58,211 --> 01:01:01,697
they often say this is the product of

924
01:01:01,697 --> 01:01:04,614
self-made entrepreneurial skill but

925
01:01:06,300 --> 01:01:08,717
is it not also the product of

926
01:01:10,297 --> 01:01:13,127
the exploitation of people at the bottom,

927
01:01:13,127 --> 01:01:15,138
what are known in China as migrants.

928
01:01:15,138 --> 01:01:18,212
But they're not really
migrants, they're Chinese.

929
01:01:18,212 --> 01:01:21,906
- (laughs) If you really go to

930
01:01:21,906 --> 01:01:24,647
talk to these migrant workers,

931
01:01:24,647 --> 01:01:28,132
you will find quite surprisingly,

932
01:01:28,132 --> 01:01:31,414
over the past five to seven years,

933
01:01:31,414 --> 01:01:35,331
they have experienced a
greater income increase

934
01:01:36,412 --> 01:01:39,132
than any other social groups.

935
01:01:39,132 --> 01:01:41,549
China is not a class society.

936
01:01:43,828 --> 01:01:47,828
- [John Narrating] But
China is a class society.

937
01:01:49,025 --> 01:01:51,973
These are the homes of migrant workers,

938
01:01:51,973 --> 01:01:55,556
people who build and
service the new China.

939
01:02:03,285 --> 01:02:06,139
Here it's not uncommon for three families

940
01:02:06,139 --> 01:02:08,056
to share one tiny flat.

941
01:02:13,558 --> 01:02:18,195
- You know, you associate a
socialist country with equality

942
01:02:18,195 --> 01:02:21,406
but unfortunately it seems
the reform has started.

943
01:02:21,406 --> 01:02:22,797
China has become one of the

944
01:02:22,797 --> 01:02:25,504
most unequal societies in the world.

945
01:02:25,504 --> 01:02:27,477
The income gap is widening.

946
01:02:27,477 --> 01:02:29,686
Governments, I feel,
have retreated some of

947
01:02:29,686 --> 01:02:33,928
the responsibilities, left
the markets to take over,

948
01:02:33,928 --> 01:02:36,281
but the market does not
always treat women kindly.

949
01:02:36,281 --> 01:02:39,526
Some private companies
that would just refuse

950
01:02:39,526 --> 01:02:42,276
to hire child-bearing aged women.

951
01:02:43,865 --> 01:02:45,588
And sometimes when women became pregnant,

952
01:02:45,588 --> 01:02:47,494
they would sack them.

953
01:02:47,494 --> 01:02:49,670
Because they don't want to
pay their maternity leave.

954
01:02:49,670 --> 01:02:53,974
And in fact, the income
gap has grown much bigger

955
01:02:53,974 --> 01:02:55,807
between men and women.

956
01:02:57,073 --> 01:02:59,573
- Your old boss, Deng Xaoping,

957
01:03:00,780 --> 01:03:04,460
presided over the bloodshed
in Tiananmen Square.

958
01:03:04,460 --> 01:03:08,627
What would you say to the
survivors of Tiananmen Square,

959
01:03:11,537 --> 01:03:14,370
because so many of those did fight

960
01:03:15,210 --> 01:03:19,210
for what they saw as
democratic change in China?

961
01:03:20,592 --> 01:03:24,175
- In 1989, there were
two political forces.

962
01:03:25,375 --> 01:03:29,880
One of those were presented
by the Chinese students.

963
01:03:29,880 --> 01:03:32,845
Their hero was Mikhail Gorbachev,

964
01:03:32,845 --> 01:03:35,215
who happened to be in Beijing.

965
01:03:35,215 --> 01:03:36,728
Their slogan was,

966
01:03:36,728 --> 01:03:40,087
"Soviet Union's Today
is China's Tomorrow."

967
01:03:40,087 --> 01:03:42,957
So the idea was political reform first,

968
01:03:42,957 --> 01:03:44,775
other reform second.

969
01:03:44,775 --> 01:03:47,289
Otherwise, China would be hopeless.

970
01:03:47,289 --> 01:03:49,705
Deng's message was the opposite.

971
01:03:49,705 --> 01:03:52,630
He thought Gorbachev was an idiot.

972
01:03:52,630 --> 01:03:56,853
He thought China must have
economic reform first,

973
01:03:56,853 --> 01:03:58,820
other reform second.

974
01:03:58,820 --> 01:04:01,487
This priority must be set clear.

975
01:04:02,769 --> 01:04:07,493
Unfortunately, at that
particular moment in 1989,

976
01:04:07,493 --> 01:04:11,594
the two political forces
could not reach a compromise.

977
01:04:11,594 --> 01:04:14,344
That's when the tragedy occurred.

978
01:04:15,644 --> 01:04:18,133
- [John Narrating] It
was more than a tragedy.

979
01:04:18,133 --> 01:04:20,139
It was a massacre

980
01:04:20,139 --> 01:04:24,306
of which the memory remains a
raw presence in modern China.

981
01:04:27,380 --> 01:04:31,380
- Why does the Chinese
state still fear the few?

982
01:04:33,975 --> 01:04:37,161
The few who speak out,
and I'm thinking of--

983
01:04:37,161 --> 01:04:38,999
- Liu Xiaobo? (laughs)

984
01:04:38,999 --> 01:04:40,562
- [John] Exactly.

985
01:04:40,562 --> 01:04:44,729
This man won the Nobel Peace
Prize and he's in prison.

986
01:04:46,282 --> 01:04:50,078
- He violated Chinese law by a big margin.

987
01:04:50,078 --> 01:04:52,804
So actually the freedom of expression,

988
01:04:52,804 --> 01:04:55,999
similar views are aired by many people

989
01:04:55,999 --> 01:04:58,916
but he really going to the extreme.

990
01:05:00,878 --> 01:05:03,098
- [John Narrating] Liu Xiaobo
challenged the government

991
01:05:03,098 --> 01:05:05,851
to implement democratic reforms

992
01:05:05,851 --> 01:05:09,434
and he spent a total
of 13 years in prison.

993
01:05:12,368 --> 01:05:14,761
- Why can't a confident China

994
01:05:14,761 --> 01:05:17,840
accept a criticism like that?

995
01:05:17,840 --> 01:05:20,674
- Nobel peace committee
makes huge mistake.

996
01:05:20,674 --> 01:05:22,932
They owe the Chinese an explanation.

997
01:05:22,932 --> 01:05:26,531
If you cross a line, you
violate the constitution,

998
01:05:26,531 --> 01:05:29,259
you violate so many laws,
you should be punished.

999
01:05:29,259 --> 01:05:31,842
(somber music)

1000
01:05:35,650 --> 01:05:37,047
- [John Narrating] And yet in China today,

1001
01:05:37,047 --> 01:05:40,177
the spirit of protest and dissent

1002
01:05:40,177 --> 01:05:42,510
lives on in different forms.

1003
01:05:45,001 --> 01:05:48,251
In 2015, strikes and community protests

1004
01:05:49,172 --> 01:05:51,922
and activism reach record levels.

1005
01:05:53,175 --> 01:05:57,092
This resistance is seldom
reported in the West.

1006
01:05:58,112 --> 01:06:01,541
- So there are lots of protests in China.

1007
01:06:01,541 --> 01:06:03,479
Typical for example, land being grabbed by

1008
01:06:03,479 --> 01:06:06,479
officials for commercial development

1009
01:06:07,514 --> 01:06:10,221
and the farmers are not
being compensated properly.

1010
01:06:10,221 --> 01:06:12,900
But the farmers now know,

1011
01:06:12,900 --> 01:06:16,128
are more aware of their
rights so they protest.

1012
01:06:16,128 --> 01:06:17,752
Or young workers from the factory,

1013
01:06:17,752 --> 01:06:21,609
they demand a better wage and
a better working condition,

1014
01:06:21,609 --> 01:06:25,760
but many of the protests
they are economic driven,

1015
01:06:25,760 --> 01:06:27,112
not political driven.

1016
01:06:27,112 --> 01:06:29,422
They are regional, not nation-wide.

1017
01:06:29,422 --> 01:06:31,075
So this kind of thing is unlikely

1018
01:06:31,075 --> 01:06:33,229
to develop into real movement

1019
01:06:33,229 --> 01:06:36,479
or so-called, you call that revolution.

1020
01:06:37,530 --> 01:06:38,737
- [John] So the Mao's revolution

1021
01:06:38,737 --> 01:06:41,054
was the last revolution?

1022
01:06:41,054 --> 01:06:45,221
- (laughs) Well, never say never.

1023
01:06:51,909 --> 01:06:54,826
(helicopter whirs)

1024
01:06:57,675 --> 01:07:00,277
- [John Narrating] The
Japanese island of Okinawa

1025
01:07:00,277 --> 01:07:03,694
is occupied by 32 military installations.

1026
01:07:05,066 --> 01:07:08,468
From here, the United
States has attacked Korea,

1027
01:07:08,468 --> 01:07:11,551
Vietnam, Cambodia, Afghanistan, Iraq.

1028
01:07:15,249 --> 01:07:18,262
The sky is full of planes and helicopters.

1029
01:07:18,262 --> 01:07:21,179
(helicopter whirs)

1030
01:07:26,411 --> 01:07:29,360
Wherever people go, they are fenced in

1031
01:07:29,360 --> 01:07:31,110
and told to keep out.

1032
01:07:36,684 --> 01:07:41,095
Okinawa is the front
line of a beckoning war

1033
01:07:41,095 --> 01:07:42,012
with China.

1034
01:07:44,968 --> 01:07:47,801
(people shouting)

1035
01:07:50,349 --> 01:07:52,599
Aged 87, Fumiko Shimabukuro

1036
01:07:54,047 --> 01:07:57,089
is one of the leaders of
a non-violent resistance

1037
01:07:57,089 --> 01:08:01,089
that's challenging
Washington's "Pivot to Asia."

1038
01:08:13,913 --> 01:08:16,746
(people shouting)

1039
01:09:01,909 --> 01:09:04,424
- [John Narrating] Fumiko is a survivor.

1040
01:09:04,424 --> 01:09:06,947
A quarter of the civilians on the island

1041
01:09:06,947 --> 01:09:10,614
were killed in the
American invasion in 1945

1042
01:09:11,585 --> 01:09:15,752
and a fear of war has been
passed through the generations.

1043
01:09:20,107 --> 01:09:22,690
(gentle music)

1044
01:09:28,481 --> 01:09:31,309
Today, those who witnessed these horrors

1045
01:09:31,309 --> 01:09:34,807
live in a place of extraordinary beauty

1046
01:09:34,807 --> 01:09:38,974
surrounded by coral reefs
and a unique marine life.

1047
01:09:48,318 --> 01:09:50,785
It was here in Henoko Bay

1048
01:09:50,785 --> 01:09:55,395
that the survivors of
World War Two sought refuge

1049
01:09:55,395 --> 01:09:58,978
and it's this they're
now fighting to save.

1050
01:10:00,385 --> 01:10:03,926
It's an epic struggle that
pits these island people

1051
01:10:03,926 --> 01:10:07,676
against the greatest
military power on Earth.

1052
01:10:14,678 --> 01:10:18,269
- This is the office of a
former governor of Okinawa,

1053
01:10:18,269 --> 01:10:19,352
Ota Masahide.

1054
01:10:20,809 --> 01:10:24,476
What is done is create
not so much a museum,

1055
01:10:25,573 --> 01:10:28,406
but an appeal to the outside world

1056
01:10:29,841 --> 01:10:33,368
to understand the resistance in Okinawa,

1057
01:10:33,368 --> 01:10:35,884
to understand the suffering,

1058
01:10:35,884 --> 01:10:38,893
to read its hidden history.

1059
01:10:38,893 --> 01:10:43,195
It begins in 1945 when
the Americans invaded.

1060
01:10:43,195 --> 01:10:46,945
Here's General MacArthur
arriving in Okinawa.

1061
01:10:49,824 --> 01:10:53,292
A second invasion happened 10 years later

1062
01:10:53,292 --> 01:10:54,469
in what became known as

1063
01:10:54,469 --> 01:10:57,734
the Bulldozer's and Bayonets campaign.

1064
01:10:57,734 --> 01:11:01,338
American forces seized
prime agricultural land,

1065
01:11:01,338 --> 01:11:05,306
burned farm houses, and killed livestock.

1066
01:11:05,306 --> 01:11:07,655
The dispossessed people of Okinawa

1067
01:11:07,655 --> 01:11:11,488
march the length of
Japan, appealing for help.

1068
01:11:13,628 --> 01:11:16,969
- This wall is devoted to
a resistance in Okinawa

1069
01:11:16,969 --> 01:11:18,551
that never ceases.

1070
01:11:18,551 --> 01:11:20,649
Everywhere people go on the island,

1071
01:11:20,649 --> 01:11:23,482
they are confronted by this sign.

1072
01:11:23,482 --> 01:11:26,106
It tells them they must not go past

1073
01:11:26,106 --> 01:11:28,800
this fence topped with barbed wire.

1074
01:11:28,800 --> 01:11:33,149
These fences run like great
ribbons across the island

1075
01:11:33,149 --> 01:11:37,760
and the bases themselves
cut swaths across Okinawa.

1076
01:11:37,760 --> 01:11:39,776
But all around them are people

1077
01:11:39,776 --> 01:11:43,295
with this continuing demonstration,

1078
01:11:43,295 --> 01:11:45,545
this continuing resistance.

1079
01:11:46,590 --> 01:11:48,440
And they have a message.

1080
01:11:48,440 --> 01:11:50,321
It's: "People of the World,

1081
01:11:50,321 --> 01:11:53,150
"Watch what Japan and the US are doing.

1082
01:11:53,150 --> 01:11:56,817
"Don't let them force
the bases on Okinawa."

1083
01:12:53,649 --> 01:12:54,788
- [John Narrating] All this will be lost

1084
01:12:54,788 --> 01:12:55,993
when much of the bay becomes

1085
01:12:55,993 --> 01:12:59,660
concrete runways for
bombers at Camp Schwab,

1086
01:13:00,772 --> 01:13:04,272
the huge US Marine base behind this fence.

1087
01:13:07,578 --> 01:13:09,636
(applause)

1088
01:13:09,636 --> 01:13:12,969
In 2014, Okinawa elected a new governor,

1089
01:13:14,956 --> 01:13:19,123
Takeshi Onaga, who won by
a landslide on one issue.

1090
01:13:20,100 --> 01:13:22,767
Stopping the new base at Henoko.

1091
01:13:24,087 --> 01:13:27,615
This was election night
outside the American base

1092
01:13:27,615 --> 01:13:28,865
at Camp Schwab.

1093
01:13:35,660 --> 01:13:37,910
(cheering)

1094
01:14:10,031 --> 01:14:13,031
♪ We shall overcome ♪

1095
01:14:14,110 --> 01:14:17,777
♪ We shall overcome someday ♪

1096
01:14:21,091 --> 01:14:24,341
♪ Oh, deep in my heart ♪

1097
01:14:25,983 --> 01:14:28,566
♪ I do believe ♪

1098
01:14:30,125 --> 01:14:33,792
♪ We shall overcome someday ♪

1099
01:14:42,097 --> 01:14:44,898
The New Year's celebration
of their victory

1100
01:14:44,898 --> 01:14:47,024
was bittersweet.

1101
01:14:47,024 --> 01:14:49,463
The government in Tokyo resented this

1102
01:14:49,463 --> 01:14:52,880
unprecedented challenge to its authority.

1103
01:14:54,188 --> 01:14:57,783
The issue is now in the Japanese courts.

1104
01:14:57,783 --> 01:15:00,700
Japan's prime minister, Shinzo Abe,

1105
01:15:01,955 --> 01:15:04,295
has also made clear that with the backing

1106
01:15:04,295 --> 01:15:06,799
of his powerful patron America,

1107
01:15:06,799 --> 01:15:10,640
he wants to reawaken Japanese nationalism

1108
01:15:10,640 --> 01:15:13,307
and reclaim it's military power.

1109
01:15:15,970 --> 01:15:18,887
(helicopter whirs)

1110
01:15:20,715 --> 01:15:23,012
(drum pounds)

1111
01:15:23,012 --> 01:15:25,179
(singing)

1112
01:15:26,770 --> 01:15:30,279
While we were filming this
ceremony outside the base,

1113
01:15:30,279 --> 01:15:32,374
on a day when people paid respect

1114
01:15:32,374 --> 01:15:35,335
to their departed loved ones,

1115
01:15:35,335 --> 01:15:39,257
giant American helicopters
circled above us,

1116
01:15:39,257 --> 01:15:41,174
intimidating as always.

1117
01:15:52,953 --> 01:15:55,803
The threat of these low-flying aircraft

1118
01:15:55,803 --> 01:15:59,292
is a constant presence in Okinawa.

1119
01:15:59,292 --> 01:16:02,481
Teachers often can't
teach because of the noise

1120
01:16:02,481 --> 01:16:03,564
and the fear.

1121
01:16:09,773 --> 01:16:13,052
(somber music)

1122
01:16:13,052 --> 01:16:15,842
This was the carnage
when an American fighter

1123
01:16:15,842 --> 01:16:18,029
crashed into a primary school

1124
01:16:18,029 --> 01:16:21,196
after the pilot had ejected to safety.

1125
01:16:28,706 --> 01:16:32,373
Haru Akira, aged seven,
was terribly burned.

1126
01:17:42,646 --> 01:17:44,558
Akira suffered throughout his youth

1127
01:17:44,558 --> 01:17:47,391
and died from his injuries age 21.

1128
01:17:54,357 --> 01:17:58,101
Another tragedy waits
to happen on Okinawa.

1129
01:17:58,101 --> 01:18:01,226
US military aircraft have been involved

1130
01:18:01,226 --> 01:18:03,726
in 44 accidents on the island.

1131
01:18:05,003 --> 01:18:08,657
The latest threat is this
hybrid plane, the Osprey,

1132
01:18:08,657 --> 01:18:11,324
notorious for its safety issues.

1133
01:18:23,351 --> 01:18:25,851
(dance music)

1134
01:18:30,002 --> 01:18:32,258
Wherever the military is based in Asia,

1135
01:18:32,258 --> 01:18:35,161
there is a relationship with local people,

1136
01:18:35,161 --> 01:18:39,078
especially women, that
often breeds resentment.

1137
01:18:49,419 --> 01:18:53,586
In Okinawa, this resentment
ignited a riot in 1970.

1138
01:18:55,094 --> 01:18:59,096
Scores of American GI's
were pulled from their cars

1139
01:18:59,096 --> 01:19:00,929
which were set alight.

1140
01:19:03,800 --> 01:19:08,089
For Washington and it's
compliant ally in Tokyo,

1141
01:19:08,089 --> 01:19:11,922
it's this kind of
insurrection that they fear.

1142
01:19:17,473 --> 01:19:19,762
During the making of this film,

1143
01:19:19,762 --> 01:19:22,649
a young woman was raped and murdered,

1144
01:19:22,649 --> 01:19:25,814
allegedly by an American
military contractor

1145
01:19:25,814 --> 01:19:27,741
from one of the bases.

1146
01:19:27,741 --> 01:19:29,991
(chanting)

1147
01:19:32,636 --> 01:19:35,911
It was the latest of
thousands of cases of violence

1148
01:19:35,911 --> 01:19:40,037
and it brought massive
crowds into the streets,

1149
01:19:40,037 --> 01:19:41,150
demanding an end to the

1150
01:19:41,150 --> 01:19:44,233
military occupation of their country.

1151
01:19:50,252 --> 01:19:52,974
(aircraft rumbles)

1152
01:19:52,974 --> 01:19:54,975
This is a Mace missile,

1153
01:19:54,975 --> 01:19:58,683
designed to carry a nuclear warhead.

1154
01:19:58,683 --> 01:20:01,558
During the Cold War, the United States

1155
01:20:01,558 --> 01:20:04,101
secretly installed nuclear weapons

1156
01:20:04,101 --> 01:20:06,601
at this launch pad in Okinawa.

1157
01:20:08,908 --> 01:20:11,658
Most of them were aimed at China.

1158
01:20:17,029 --> 01:20:19,580
Today, the nuclear missile site

1159
01:20:19,580 --> 01:20:22,231
is run by a Buddhist organization,

1160
01:20:22,231 --> 01:20:25,148
the Soka Gakkai, as a peace museum.

1161
01:20:26,748 --> 01:20:29,248
- In 1962, the atomic weapons,

1162
01:20:31,214 --> 01:20:33,386
that were on the missile,

1163
01:20:33,386 --> 01:20:35,053
was almost launched.

1164
01:20:37,112 --> 01:20:38,302
- They were almost launched?

1165
01:20:38,302 --> 01:20:42,808
- Yeah, according to the
spokesman of this military base,

1166
01:20:42,808 --> 01:20:45,641
said they were ordered to prepare.

1167
01:20:46,828 --> 01:20:50,245
Then we received second order to stop it.

1168
01:20:52,895 --> 01:20:56,162
- [John Narrating] One of
the American servicemen

1169
01:20:56,162 --> 01:20:57,995
whose job was to fire the Mace missiles

1170
01:20:57,995 --> 01:21:01,663
has since revealed that
China was a nuclear target

1171
01:21:01,663 --> 01:21:04,996
during the Cuban missile crisis in 1962.

1172
01:21:07,116 --> 01:21:11,435
- We were told that we had
to launch all the missiles.

1173
01:21:11,435 --> 01:21:14,284
But we only had one missile
headed towards Russia

1174
01:21:14,284 --> 01:21:15,696
and we did not see why we

1175
01:21:15,696 --> 01:21:18,291
should have to involve
the other countries.

1176
01:21:18,291 --> 01:21:23,167
The captain suggested that
everybody crack the doors open

1177
01:21:23,167 --> 01:21:26,852
so it would take less
time to launch the missile

1178
01:21:26,852 --> 01:21:29,572
if the doors were cracked open.

1179
01:21:29,572 --> 01:21:31,739
(beeping)

1180
01:21:33,210 --> 01:21:34,363
- [John Narrating] One of the launch crews

1181
01:21:34,363 --> 01:21:37,373
was on the point of firing their missiles

1182
01:21:37,373 --> 01:21:42,045
when a duty officer suspected
the order was false.

1183
01:21:42,045 --> 01:21:43,554
- The officer that was on the B side

1184
01:21:43,554 --> 01:21:47,006
was told to send two
men over there with 45's

1185
01:21:47,006 --> 01:21:48,694
and to shoot anybody that tried to launch

1186
01:21:48,694 --> 01:21:51,444
until the situation was resolved.

1187
01:21:53,296 --> 01:21:56,100
And it would only take like 15, 20 seconds

1188
01:21:56,100 --> 01:21:59,998
to run the distance between
the two command centers.

1189
01:21:59,998 --> 01:22:03,787
So those two men kept
that whole crew at bay

1190
01:22:03,787 --> 01:22:07,037
while we made a decision as what to do.

1191
01:22:10,457 --> 01:22:13,279
And it wasn't very long, maybe
two or three seconds later

1192
01:22:13,279 --> 01:22:16,950
where a very nervous major
came over the intercom

1193
01:22:16,950 --> 01:22:19,367
issuing the stand down order.

1194
01:22:22,591 --> 01:22:26,758
And then we just kind of
looked at each other, like

1195
01:22:27,925 --> 01:22:31,592
we could have exterminated
the whole planet.

1196
01:22:34,441 --> 01:22:37,110
The major who had given the launch order

1197
01:22:37,110 --> 01:22:39,305
was quietly court-martialed

1198
01:22:39,305 --> 01:22:42,055
and dismissed from the Air Force.

1199
01:22:43,591 --> 01:22:45,964
- That morning is just as familiar to me

1200
01:22:45,964 --> 01:22:48,738
and as clear as yesterday morning is.

1201
01:22:48,738 --> 01:22:50,886
And this is 53 years later

1202
01:22:50,886 --> 01:22:53,306
and how clear blue the sky was

1203
01:22:53,306 --> 01:22:56,361
and there was just some very light clouds

1204
01:22:56,361 --> 01:22:58,713
and there was a perfect breeze blowing

1205
01:22:58,713 --> 01:23:00,042
at the perfect temperature.

1206
01:23:00,042 --> 01:23:01,435
I did not know what the temperature was,

1207
01:23:01,435 --> 01:23:03,635
but it just felt perfect.

1208
01:23:03,635 --> 01:23:05,851
And we were all just kind of taking it in

1209
01:23:05,851 --> 01:23:08,257
and taking in the smell of the air

1210
01:23:08,257 --> 01:23:11,751
and the sea and the land mixture together

1211
01:23:11,751 --> 01:23:14,947
and everything smelled so beautiful.

1212
01:23:14,947 --> 01:23:18,674
- This is very interesting
because it shows

1213
01:23:18,674 --> 01:23:22,841
the cities in China where these
Mace missiles were aimed at.

1214
01:23:25,954 --> 01:23:28,204
Which ones do we have here?

1215
01:23:29,067 --> 01:23:30,900
- This Okinawa Island.

1216
01:23:31,959 --> 01:23:36,126
So within 2000 kilometers
you find Peking, or Beijing,

1217
01:23:40,831 --> 01:23:44,081
Xi'an, Jiuzhaigou, Hong Kong, Shanghai,

1218
01:23:45,657 --> 01:23:49,490
Taiwan and Taipei, and
Pyongyang, North Korea.

1219
01:23:51,665 --> 01:23:53,998
Within the range of missile.

1220
01:23:55,358 --> 01:23:58,275
(aircraft rumbles)

1221
01:24:16,008 --> 01:24:18,591
(somber music)

1222
01:24:31,441 --> 01:24:32,609
- [John Narrating] This is the work of

1223
01:24:32,609 --> 01:24:35,609
the Okinawan sculptor, Kinjo Minoru.

1224
01:24:36,830 --> 01:24:40,664
It's a tribute to the
suffering and resistance

1225
01:24:40,664 --> 01:24:43,081
of the people of this island.

1226
01:25:07,593 --> 01:25:11,760
More than 1000 miles away on
the Korean island of Jeju,

1227
01:25:12,898 --> 01:25:16,913
these symbols of struggle
are hauntingly similar.

1228
01:25:16,913 --> 01:25:21,054
The work of Korean sculptor Koh Gil-chun,

1229
01:25:21,054 --> 01:25:25,221
represents another fight of
island people for freedom.

1230
01:25:26,445 --> 01:25:29,028
(gentle music)

1231
01:25:36,290 --> 01:25:39,943
A semi-tropical sanctuary
of unusual beauty,

1232
01:25:39,943 --> 01:25:43,398
Jeju Island is a world heritage site.

1233
01:25:43,398 --> 01:25:46,761
The government of South Korea declared it

1234
01:25:46,761 --> 01:25:48,844
an island of world peace.

1235
01:25:55,898 --> 01:25:58,826
But on this island of peace has been built

1236
01:25:58,826 --> 01:26:03,319
one of the most provocative
military bases in the world,

1237
01:26:03,319 --> 01:26:06,152
less than 400 miles from Shanghai.

1238
01:26:11,508 --> 01:26:14,601
Like Okinawa and the Marshall Islands,

1239
01:26:14,601 --> 01:26:18,232
this is America's
frontline in it's so-called

1240
01:26:18,232 --> 01:26:19,565
"Pivot to Asia."

1241
01:26:22,532 --> 01:26:26,105
Here in once unspoiled Gangjeong Village,

1242
01:26:26,105 --> 01:26:28,870
the South Korean Navy has built a base

1243
01:26:28,870 --> 01:26:31,497
for American aircraft carriers,

1244
01:26:31,497 --> 01:26:34,330
nuclear submarines, and destroyers

1245
01:26:35,400 --> 01:26:38,068
equipped with the Aegis ballistic missile

1246
01:26:38,068 --> 01:26:40,235
aimed at China's defenses.

1247
01:26:44,817 --> 01:26:49,676
China's lifelines to the world
in oil, trade, resources,

1248
01:26:49,676 --> 01:26:52,103
depend on shipping that comes through

1249
01:26:52,103 --> 01:26:53,936
chokepoints like this.

1250
01:26:56,365 --> 01:26:58,417
- The US pivot into the Asian-Pacific

1251
01:26:58,417 --> 01:27:01,341
is really intended to create the ability

1252
01:27:01,341 --> 01:27:04,081
to put a loaded gun to the head of China

1253
01:27:04,081 --> 01:27:06,823
and say, you will do as we say

1254
01:27:06,823 --> 01:27:08,930
otherwise we will be able to restrict.

1255
01:27:08,930 --> 01:27:11,474
We'll be able to shut down, choke off

1256
01:27:11,474 --> 01:27:15,141
your importation of oil
and other resources.

1257
01:27:29,342 --> 01:27:31,580
(chanting)

1258
01:27:31,580 --> 01:27:33,352
- [John Narrating] For
nine years, every day,

1259
01:27:33,352 --> 01:27:36,010
often twice a day, these Catholic priests

1260
01:27:36,010 --> 01:27:38,652
have staged a mass that blocked the gates

1261
01:27:38,652 --> 01:27:42,128
of the new military base on Jeju Island.

1262
01:27:42,128 --> 01:27:44,295
(singing)

1263
01:27:54,831 --> 01:27:57,496
In a country where
political demonstrations

1264
01:27:57,496 --> 01:28:01,897
can be easily banned,
unlike powerful religions,

1265
01:28:01,897 --> 01:28:06,494
the tactic has produced this
spectacle of resistance.

1266
01:28:06,494 --> 01:28:10,327
(man speaking on loudspeaker)

1267
01:28:23,707 --> 01:28:26,596
(speaks foreign language)

1268
01:28:26,596 --> 01:28:29,277
Father Mun Jeong-hyeon has led the fight

1269
01:28:29,277 --> 01:28:31,610
to stop the base being built

1270
01:28:34,364 --> 01:28:38,031
and several times
suffered serious injuries.

1271
01:28:49,710 --> 01:28:51,877
(singing)

1272
01:28:59,575 --> 01:29:02,332
- I sing four songs everyday.

1273
01:29:02,332 --> 01:29:05,175
Before the Mass, during the
Mass, at the end of the Mass

1274
01:29:05,175 --> 01:29:07,342
and the end of the rosary.

1275
01:29:10,096 --> 01:29:13,690
The content of song is very beautiful.

1276
01:29:13,690 --> 01:29:16,940
The writer and composer is the musician

1277
01:29:18,614 --> 01:29:20,031
from this island.

1278
01:29:21,229 --> 01:29:24,734
I love him very much and
he gave me their song

1279
01:29:24,734 --> 01:29:28,234
which I practiced and I became a master

1280
01:29:28,234 --> 01:29:32,384
to sing that song because I
practice everyday. (laughs)

1281
01:29:32,384 --> 01:29:36,378
- [John] You sing it with such passion.

1282
01:29:36,378 --> 01:29:38,545
(singing)

1283
01:29:45,365 --> 01:29:46,767
- Sometimes we just wait.

1284
01:29:46,767 --> 01:29:49,488
Typhoon, typhoon strike!

1285
01:29:49,488 --> 01:29:50,763
- [John] Do you sing then?

1286
01:29:50,763 --> 01:29:53,480
Do you have a Mass when
the typhoons strike?

1287
01:29:53,480 --> 01:29:54,313
- Oh yes.

1288
01:29:56,038 --> 01:29:57,205
No exceptions.

1289
01:29:59,474 --> 01:30:01,965
- [John] What will happen

1290
01:30:01,965 --> 01:30:04,638
if this base becomes operational?

1291
01:30:04,638 --> 01:30:07,041
- They have destroyed the environment,

1292
01:30:07,041 --> 01:30:09,933
they destroy the life of all of us.

1293
01:30:09,933 --> 01:30:14,100
We should be witness of their
oppression and violence.

1294
01:30:15,682 --> 01:30:16,630
- [John] Why do they do it?

1295
01:30:16,630 --> 01:30:21,276
- They'd like to rule the
Pacific area, the whole area.

1296
01:30:21,276 --> 01:30:25,359
They'd like to make China
isolated in this globe.

1297
01:30:27,276 --> 01:30:31,443
The US government want to
be in power of this world.

1298
01:30:32,407 --> 01:30:34,490
(laughs)

1299
01:30:37,175 --> 01:30:40,032
- [John Narrating] Meanwhile,
a Quaker called Mr. Oh

1300
01:30:40,032 --> 01:30:43,491
joins them with his own ritual of protest,

1301
01:30:43,491 --> 01:30:47,158
accompanied by an artist
called Wild Flower.

1302
01:32:32,365 --> 01:32:34,361
- [John Narrating] This
is the center of an empire

1303
01:32:34,361 --> 01:32:36,832
that never speaks its name,

1304
01:32:36,832 --> 01:32:41,295
whose power is represented in
this extraordinary world map

1305
01:32:41,295 --> 01:32:43,545
of American military bases.

1306
01:32:48,599 --> 01:32:51,996
4000 bases in the United States,

1307
01:32:51,996 --> 01:32:55,996
almost 1000 bases spread
across every continent.

1308
01:32:59,994 --> 01:33:01,879
- The archipelago of empire,

1309
01:33:01,879 --> 01:33:04,106
the bases that we have around the world

1310
01:33:04,106 --> 01:33:08,273
hidden in plain sight are the
real territory of our empire

1311
01:33:09,125 --> 01:33:13,935
but at the same time we
maintain independent governments

1312
01:33:13,935 --> 01:33:16,852
in Japan or South Korea or Germany.

1313
01:33:18,165 --> 01:33:20,355
They don't have autonomy when
it comes to foreign policy.

1314
01:33:20,355 --> 01:33:24,195
So it's a very sophisticated
and effective system

1315
01:33:24,195 --> 01:33:27,504
whereby we pat ourselves on the back for

1316
01:33:27,504 --> 01:33:30,587
helping to midwife democracy in Japan

1317
01:33:31,538 --> 01:33:34,624
and Germany and South Korea
and various other places

1318
01:33:34,624 --> 01:33:37,894
while keeping the lid
on in that we don't know

1319
01:33:37,894 --> 01:33:39,723
what these countries would do if they were

1320
01:33:39,723 --> 01:33:41,345
fully independent.

1321
01:33:41,345 --> 01:33:43,079
And the beauty of this system is that

1322
01:33:43,079 --> 01:33:46,249
most people pay no attention to it at all.

1323
01:33:46,249 --> 01:33:47,744
They think it's just a natural occurrence

1324
01:33:47,744 --> 01:33:51,216
to have 50,000 American troops in Japan.

1325
01:33:51,216 --> 01:33:55,041
- There's no country that has
better anti-imperial credit--

1326
01:33:55,041 --> 01:33:57,890
(laughs) cred, then the United States.

1327
01:33:57,890 --> 01:33:59,055
And we are not trying to recreate

1328
01:33:59,055 --> 01:34:01,888
the glories of the British Empire.

1329
01:34:03,121 --> 01:34:05,687
We're arguing that the world is round.

1330
01:34:05,687 --> 01:34:07,604
We have a global policy

1331
01:34:09,138 --> 01:34:12,055
and all nations have global rights.

1332
01:34:13,581 --> 01:34:16,195
- No ocean has ever been dominated

1333
01:34:16,195 --> 01:34:20,362
the way the US dominates the
Pacific, Navy and Air Force.

1334
01:34:21,783 --> 01:34:25,264
They claim that in the
Pearl Harbor headquarters

1335
01:34:25,264 --> 01:34:29,645
of the Pacific Command,
they claim to be responsible

1336
01:34:29,645 --> 01:34:33,586
for 52 percent of the Earth's surface.

1337
01:34:33,586 --> 01:34:36,412
And when you look at their logo,

1338
01:34:36,412 --> 01:34:39,360
it shows an eagle over
the Aleutian Islands

1339
01:34:39,360 --> 01:34:42,056
with one tail coming down
somewhere near Seattle

1340
01:34:42,056 --> 01:34:45,609
and the other coming
down right over Beijing.

1341
01:34:45,609 --> 01:34:48,859
So Beijing looks at a network of bases,

1342
01:34:50,646 --> 01:34:52,732
a real archipelago of empire

1343
01:34:52,732 --> 01:34:55,396
that's been built up since the Korean War.

1344
01:34:55,396 --> 01:34:58,073
- You have had and still have

1345
01:34:58,073 --> 01:35:01,323
an arc of bases that start in Australia

1346
01:35:02,569 --> 01:35:03,666
and go through the Pacific--

1347
01:35:03,666 --> 01:35:04,535
- No.

1348
01:35:04,535 --> 01:35:06,366
We have no bases in Australia.

1349
01:35:06,366 --> 01:35:08,525
- You have Pine Gap, you have Darwin--

1350
01:35:08,525 --> 01:35:09,618
- No.

1351
01:35:09,618 --> 01:35:11,483
- And you have a new facility
in Western Australia.

1352
01:35:11,483 --> 01:35:13,164
- No, to speak precisely,

1353
01:35:13,164 --> 01:35:16,334
we have no military bases in Australia.

1354
01:35:16,334 --> 01:35:20,501
What we do is is operate
with and in Australian bases.

1355
01:35:23,949 --> 01:35:27,782
But we're not in the
basing business nowadays.

1356
01:35:31,875 --> 01:35:34,419
- There's a growing collection
of what are referred to as

1357
01:35:34,419 --> 01:35:35,752
"lilypad bases."

1358
01:35:36,642 --> 01:35:40,873
These are bases that have
typically two, 300 troops,

1359
01:35:40,873 --> 01:35:44,649
no family members, very few amenities,

1360
01:35:44,649 --> 01:35:46,615
and they are often quite secretive.

1361
01:35:46,615 --> 01:35:48,637
They are bases that are
frequently constructed

1362
01:35:48,637 --> 01:35:52,205
within a foreign country's
base to disguise it

1363
01:35:52,205 --> 01:35:56,279
and generally are not
referred to as bases.

1364
01:35:56,279 --> 01:35:58,360
- [John Narrating] Many of
these bases have been set up

1365
01:35:58,360 --> 01:36:02,277
to combat China's worldwide
economic influence.

1366
01:36:05,675 --> 01:36:10,489
From these bases, the United
States operates a secret army

1367
01:36:10,489 --> 01:36:11,906
in 147 countries.

1368
01:36:14,688 --> 01:36:16,114
- If you're gonna be a free country

1369
01:36:16,114 --> 01:36:18,891
rather than give in to every
gangster regime in the world,

1370
01:36:18,891 --> 01:36:20,717
you're gonna have to take a risk.

1371
01:36:20,717 --> 01:36:23,497
'Cause the gangsters,
they want to eliminate

1372
01:36:23,497 --> 01:36:26,751
good people in the world so they can--

1373
01:36:26,751 --> 01:36:30,489
and in China, they want to
dominate all of the Far East,

1374
01:36:30,489 --> 01:36:31,535
they want to dominate.

1375
01:36:31,535 --> 01:36:34,454
Just like Japan wanted
to before World War Two.

1376
01:36:34,454 --> 01:36:37,043
Their goal was to dominate
that part of the world.

1377
01:36:37,043 --> 01:36:41,210
Today, because there's been no
political reform in Beijing,

1378
01:36:42,097 --> 01:36:46,587
these guys want to dominate
a huge chunk of the planet.

1379
01:36:46,587 --> 01:36:47,420
(mumbles)

1380
01:36:47,420 --> 01:36:49,609
- [John Narrating] Andrew
Krepinevich served on

1381
01:36:49,609 --> 01:36:52,143
America's National Defense Panel.

1382
01:36:52,143 --> 01:36:56,189
He's a military strategist
and war planner.

1383
01:36:56,189 --> 01:36:59,796
- You've written that
airstrikes and naval blockades

1384
01:36:59,796 --> 01:37:03,046
have a role to play in punishing China.

1385
01:37:04,995 --> 01:37:08,998
You've described the need for sea mines.

1386
01:37:08,998 --> 01:37:11,626
You've described the
need for special forces,

1387
01:37:11,626 --> 01:37:15,793
US Special Forces, and
missiles placed on islands.

1388
01:37:17,062 --> 01:37:19,774
This sounds like a preparation for war.

1389
01:37:19,774 --> 01:37:22,163
- Our first president, George Washington,

1390
01:37:22,163 --> 01:37:25,180
said that if you want
peace, prepare for war.

1391
01:37:25,180 --> 01:37:28,651
And essentially what the
United States is doing again

1392
01:37:28,651 --> 01:37:32,818
is responding to provocative
behavior on the part of China.

1393
01:37:33,677 --> 01:37:36,292
And just as we did in the Cold War,

1394
01:37:36,292 --> 01:37:40,459
the idea was to have a
position of military strength

1395
01:37:41,983 --> 01:37:43,875
such that your adversaries
were not tempted

1396
01:37:43,875 --> 01:37:46,505
to act in aggressive ways or

1397
01:37:46,505 --> 01:37:49,072
try and employ coercion to get their way.

1398
01:37:49,072 --> 01:37:53,590
- Just last week the US Navy
sent a guided missile destroyer

1399
01:37:53,590 --> 01:37:57,423
into the Spratly Islands,
the South China Sea.

1400
01:37:59,176 --> 01:38:02,136
And what was different
about this, I think,

1401
01:38:02,136 --> 01:38:05,682
was that Chinese fighters scrambled.

1402
01:38:05,682 --> 01:38:08,345
That sounds like an escalator.

1403
01:38:08,345 --> 01:38:10,928
- Well again, from an
American prospective,

1404
01:38:10,928 --> 01:38:12,923
the escalation was that the Chinese

1405
01:38:12,923 --> 01:38:16,166
beginning to militarize these
islands in the first place,

1406
01:38:16,166 --> 01:38:20,392
moving its military capabilities
down into that region,

1407
01:38:20,392 --> 01:38:22,304
engaging in provocative behavior against

1408
01:38:22,304 --> 01:38:26,304
the commercial activities
and military forces of

1409
01:38:27,481 --> 01:38:29,137
other minor countries in the region

1410
01:38:29,137 --> 01:38:31,240
that have claim to those islands.

1411
01:38:31,240 --> 01:38:34,864
So it's a response to
Chinese intimidation rather--

1412
01:38:34,864 --> 01:38:38,701
- Excuse me, how is
commerce being intimidated

1413
01:38:38,701 --> 01:38:40,839
in the South China Sea?

1414
01:38:40,839 --> 01:38:42,529
- There have been no military forces,

1415
01:38:42,529 --> 01:38:44,096
no military bases there.

1416
01:38:44,096 --> 01:38:45,214
The Chinese--

1417
01:38:45,214 --> 01:38:47,346
- Except the United States military base.

1418
01:38:47,346 --> 01:38:48,600
- Not in the South China Sea.

1419
01:38:48,600 --> 01:38:50,209
Not even in the Philippines because

1420
01:38:50,209 --> 01:38:52,678
the United States withdrew
its forces in the Philippines.

1421
01:38:52,678 --> 01:38:55,508
- But the United States is
back in the Philippines.

1422
01:38:55,508 --> 01:38:57,771
- The Philippines and the
United States have announced

1423
01:38:57,771 --> 01:39:00,557
five different locations
scattered all throughout

1424
01:39:00,557 --> 01:39:02,497
the Philippines where US troops will

1425
01:39:02,497 --> 01:39:06,140
be stationed on a rotational basis.

1426
01:39:06,140 --> 01:39:08,633
- [John Narrating] This
threat to China from yet more

1427
01:39:08,633 --> 01:39:12,789
US bases on its doorstep was not an issue

1428
01:39:12,789 --> 01:39:17,036
when an arbitration tribunal
ruled against China's claims

1429
01:39:17,036 --> 01:39:21,203
to the strategic Spratly
Islands in the South China Sea.

1430
01:39:23,168 --> 01:39:26,585
In 2015, the US Navy rehearsed a blockade

1431
01:39:28,210 --> 01:39:30,965
that would cut China's lifelines of oil

1432
01:39:30,965 --> 01:39:33,298
and trade and raw materials.

1433
01:39:34,629 --> 01:39:38,379
The danger of confrontation
grows by the day.

1434
01:39:40,762 --> 01:39:43,932
- The US Navy is on the doorstep of China

1435
01:39:43,932 --> 01:39:46,485
regardless of disputed islands

1436
01:39:46,485 --> 01:39:49,853
and is there with low-draft ships,

1437
01:39:49,853 --> 01:39:51,686
planes, battle groups.

1438
01:39:52,589 --> 01:39:54,949
It's right on the doorsteps.

1439
01:39:54,949 --> 01:39:56,281
What of Chinese ships?

1440
01:39:56,281 --> 01:40:00,265
What if the equivalent was off California?

1441
01:40:00,265 --> 01:40:04,224
- Well John, we ask ourselves
that question regularly.

1442
01:40:04,224 --> 01:40:08,391
And it's important to put
yourself in the other guy's shoes.

1443
01:40:09,406 --> 01:40:10,785
So look.

1444
01:40:10,785 --> 01:40:14,452
We don't operate in the
Pacific in an effort

1445
01:40:16,399 --> 01:40:21,133
to scare China, to contain
China, to backfoot China.

1446
01:40:21,133 --> 01:40:24,505
Our operations and our presence,

1447
01:40:24,505 --> 01:40:28,822
first of all, is warmly
welcomed by the vast majority

1448
01:40:28,822 --> 01:40:32,068
of the coastal states, but secondly,

1449
01:40:32,068 --> 01:40:34,627
is fully accepted by the Chinese.

1450
01:40:34,627 --> 01:40:35,914
Time after time--

1451
01:40:35,914 --> 01:40:38,887
- Excuse me, is it fully accepted?

1452
01:40:38,887 --> 01:40:41,309
- Yes, by their words.

1453
01:40:41,309 --> 01:40:42,676
The Chinese leaders--

1454
01:40:42,676 --> 01:40:46,436
- [John] My impression
is that they're scared.

1455
01:40:46,436 --> 01:40:49,487
- [John Narrating] And this
is what they're scared of.

1456
01:40:49,487 --> 01:40:52,487
A noose of bases right around China.

1457
01:40:57,305 --> 01:41:00,305
Missiles, bombers, drones, warships.

1458
01:41:02,355 --> 01:41:04,105
A provocation of war.

1459
01:41:07,343 --> 01:41:11,910
- Today, I state clearly
and with conviction.

1460
01:41:11,910 --> 01:41:15,417
America's commitment to
seek the peace and security

1461
01:41:15,417 --> 01:41:17,896
of a world without nuclear weapons.

1462
01:41:17,896 --> 01:41:20,146
(cheering)

1463
01:41:21,634 --> 01:41:23,311
- [John Narrating] Under Obama,

1464
01:41:23,311 --> 01:41:25,542
nuclear warhead spending has risen higher

1465
01:41:25,542 --> 01:41:30,425
than under any president
since the end of the Cold War.

1466
01:41:30,425 --> 01:41:33,074
- It's all a magician's show because

1467
01:41:33,074 --> 01:41:36,418
at the same time that Obama
is talking about that,

1468
01:41:36,418 --> 01:41:38,447
not only is he spending a trillion dollars

1469
01:41:38,447 --> 01:41:41,184
to modernize US nuclear forces,

1470
01:41:41,184 --> 01:41:43,454
but he's deploying these
missile defense systems

1471
01:41:43,454 --> 01:41:45,385
to encircle Russia and China,

1472
01:41:45,385 --> 01:41:47,701
which makes it impossible to

1473
01:41:47,701 --> 01:41:50,337
get rid of nuclear
weapons in that climate.

1474
01:41:50,337 --> 01:41:53,391
- Everybody wants to
look like they're tough.

1475
01:41:53,391 --> 01:41:54,770
See, I gotta be tough.

1476
01:41:54,770 --> 01:41:57,581
I'm not afraid of doing anything military.

1477
01:41:57,581 --> 01:41:58,883
I'm not afraid of threatening.

1478
01:41:58,883 --> 01:42:01,340
I'm a hairy-chested gorilla.

1479
01:42:01,340 --> 01:42:05,040
And you don't want to
look like you're weak,

1480
01:42:05,040 --> 01:42:09,207
so what you do is you talk
more and more aggressively

1481
01:42:10,622 --> 01:42:13,596
and if you don't want to do it yourself,

1482
01:42:13,596 --> 01:42:17,476
because you maybe think it
doesn't look very presidential,

1483
01:42:17,476 --> 01:42:20,976
you let somebody under you do the talking.

1484
01:42:23,959 --> 01:42:25,703
And the United States has
gotten into a situation

1485
01:42:25,703 --> 01:42:29,536
where there's a lot of
military saber-rattling

1486
01:42:30,620 --> 01:42:34,708
and it's really being
orchestrated from the top.

1487
01:42:34,708 --> 01:42:38,875
- Yeah, that seems incredibly
dangerous, all of this.

1488
01:42:39,886 --> 01:42:43,523
- That's an understatement,
I think, but I agree.

1489
01:42:43,523 --> 01:42:45,923
- When you routinely plan for mass murder,

1490
01:42:45,923 --> 01:42:47,697
you become conditioned to it.

1491
01:42:47,697 --> 01:42:49,052
That's what this is.

1492
01:42:49,052 --> 01:42:50,155
We accept it.

1493
01:42:50,155 --> 01:42:51,993
Oh yeah, we have nuclear weapons.

1494
01:42:51,993 --> 01:42:54,761
- The Defense Secretary has just announced

1495
01:42:54,761 --> 01:42:58,604
that there will be
warships and special forces

1496
01:42:58,604 --> 01:43:01,391
and planes sent to the Philippines

1497
01:43:01,391 --> 01:43:04,292
and the Wall Street Journal
has described this as

1498
01:43:04,292 --> 01:43:08,459
"the vanguard of a major US
presence in Southeast Asia."

1499
01:43:10,496 --> 01:43:11,329
That sounds like--

1500
01:43:11,329 --> 01:43:13,240
- Where does this end?

1501
01:43:13,240 --> 01:43:14,669
What's the purpose?

1502
01:43:14,669 --> 01:43:17,163
I mean, where are we
going to stop this process

1503
01:43:17,163 --> 01:43:19,771
before it starts a war?

1504
01:43:19,771 --> 01:43:22,240
And then if the war starts,
where does that end?

1505
01:43:22,240 --> 01:43:25,157
♪ America, America ♪

1506
01:43:29,274 --> 01:43:32,857
♪ God shed his grace on me ♪

1507
01:43:37,501 --> 01:43:41,668
♪ And crown thy good with brotherhood ♪

1508
01:43:45,405 --> 01:43:48,905
♪ From sea to shining sea ♪

1509
01:43:58,248 --> 01:44:00,665
(wind howls)

1510
01:44:07,889 --> 01:44:10,497
The scientific studies that
I teach by the scientists

1511
01:44:10,497 --> 01:44:12,397
that predict that the Earth can be made

1512
01:44:12,397 --> 01:44:14,662
essentially uninhabitable
from nuclear war,

1513
01:44:14,662 --> 01:44:17,224
the scientists have been begging
the Obama administration--

1514
01:44:17,224 --> 01:44:18,623
well, they wouldn't say begging.

1515
01:44:18,623 --> 01:44:20,410
But they have made multiple requests

1516
01:44:20,410 --> 01:44:22,304
to meet with them and
discuss these predictions

1517
01:44:22,304 --> 01:44:23,508
because they're peer-reviewed studies

1518
01:44:23,508 --> 01:44:26,441
and they've been turned
down over and over again.

1519
01:44:26,441 --> 01:44:27,989
They've been peripherally told that,

1520
01:44:27,989 --> 01:44:30,295
well we don't think the long-term

1521
01:44:30,295 --> 01:44:32,489
environmental consequences of nuclear war

1522
01:44:32,489 --> 01:44:33,945
are all that important
if the immediate effects

1523
01:44:33,945 --> 01:44:36,303
of nuclear war don't stop it.

1524
01:44:36,303 --> 01:44:38,722
That the long-term environmental
consequences of nuclear war

1525
01:44:38,722 --> 01:44:41,979
are liable to wipe out the human race.

1526
01:44:41,979 --> 01:44:43,555
- [John] In one exchange,

1527
01:44:43,555 --> 01:44:47,661
nuclear exchange between the US and China,

1528
01:44:47,661 --> 01:44:50,244
what could be the consequences?

1529
01:44:51,179 --> 01:44:52,501
- Well let me just give you an example

1530
01:44:52,501 --> 01:44:55,350
of what one Chinese four
or five megaton warhead

1531
01:44:55,350 --> 01:44:59,895
would do to a city in the
United States if it got through.

1532
01:44:59,895 --> 01:45:02,273
The detonation of that weapon over a city

1533
01:45:02,273 --> 01:45:03,973
would instantly ignite about

1534
01:45:03,973 --> 01:45:06,640
six or 700 square miles on fire.

1535
01:45:07,735 --> 01:45:09,703
And within 20 to 30 minutes,

1536
01:45:09,703 --> 01:45:11,134
all of those fires would coalesce

1537
01:45:11,134 --> 01:45:13,472
into a single gigantic firestorm.

1538
01:45:13,472 --> 01:45:14,686
There would be no escape from it.

1539
01:45:14,686 --> 01:45:17,170
So all the people there would perish.

1540
01:45:17,170 --> 01:45:18,458
So the US, with say,

1541
01:45:18,458 --> 01:45:22,835
hundreds of nuclear
weapons on Chinese cities.

1542
01:45:22,835 --> 01:45:25,335
When you combine all the smoke

1543
01:45:26,313 --> 01:45:27,718
from these nuclear weapons detonating,

1544
01:45:27,718 --> 01:45:30,239
it actually creates
millions of tons of smoke.

1545
01:45:30,239 --> 01:45:33,629
Black carbon smoke that'll
rise above cloud level

1546
01:45:33,629 --> 01:45:35,814
into the stratosphere,
it's heated by the sun,

1547
01:45:35,814 --> 01:45:37,557
it acts like a solar collector.

1548
01:45:37,557 --> 01:45:38,951
And that smoke, because of that,

1549
01:45:38,951 --> 01:45:42,138
will stay there for 10 years or longer.

1550
01:45:42,138 --> 01:45:43,607
And what the smoke does is it blocks

1551
01:45:43,607 --> 01:45:46,917
warming sunlight from reaching
the surface of the earth

1552
01:45:46,917 --> 01:45:50,211
and it becomes so cold in a
matter of just a couple of weeks

1553
01:45:50,211 --> 01:45:52,877
that the temperature
will fall below freezing

1554
01:45:52,877 --> 01:45:55,627
every day for one to three years.

1555
01:45:58,117 --> 01:46:00,461
And it will become too
cold to grow food crops

1556
01:46:00,461 --> 01:46:02,967
for at least 10 years or longer.

1557
01:46:02,967 --> 01:46:05,384
(wind howls)

1558
01:46:13,248 --> 01:46:15,145
- I mean, there's a total disconnect

1559
01:46:15,145 --> 01:46:16,896
with the changing world.

1560
01:46:16,896 --> 01:46:21,417
You have a giant rising
power, in this case, China.

1561
01:46:21,417 --> 01:46:23,419
Why would you expect a giant rising power

1562
01:46:23,419 --> 01:46:26,756
to not want to have more
control over its destiny?

1563
01:46:26,756 --> 01:46:28,298
What we should be doing in my view

1564
01:46:28,298 --> 01:46:32,465
is trying to cultivate a sense
of friendship and cooperation

1565
01:46:33,493 --> 01:46:35,495
and we can have our differences with them.

1566
01:46:35,495 --> 01:46:36,825
If we think they're
doing something in trade

1567
01:46:36,825 --> 01:46:39,987
that we don't like, let's
have it out with them.

1568
01:46:39,987 --> 01:46:41,403
But this saber-rattling is

1569
01:46:41,403 --> 01:46:43,321
the worst thing we can possibly do.

1570
01:46:43,321 --> 01:46:45,571
(cheering)

1571
01:46:48,770 --> 01:46:51,770
- It is time to show the whole world

1572
01:46:53,481 --> 01:46:55,506
that America is back.

1573
01:46:55,506 --> 01:46:59,673
Bigger, and better, and
stronger than ever before.

1574
01:47:02,283 --> 01:47:04,950
We don't have victories anymore.

1575
01:47:06,081 --> 01:47:08,507
We used to have victories,
but we don't have 'em.

1576
01:47:08,507 --> 01:47:12,340
When was the last time
anybody saw us beating,

1577
01:47:13,417 --> 01:47:14,750
let's say China?

1578
01:47:15,830 --> 01:47:18,917
In a trade deal, they kill us.

1579
01:47:18,917 --> 01:47:21,940
We can't continue to allow China

1580
01:47:21,940 --> 01:47:24,683
to rape our country, and
that's what they're doing.

1581
01:47:24,683 --> 01:47:28,623
It's the greatest theft in
the history of the world.

1582
01:47:28,623 --> 01:47:32,278
(audience cheers)

1583
01:47:32,278 --> 01:47:34,571
- [John Narrating] The new
president, Donald Trump,

1584
01:47:34,571 --> 01:47:36,654
has a problem with China.

1585
01:47:37,903 --> 01:47:39,875
The urgent question now is,

1586
01:47:39,875 --> 01:47:43,075
will Trump continue with the provocations

1587
01:47:43,075 --> 01:47:47,242
revealed in this film and take
us all to the edge of war?

1588
01:47:50,907 --> 01:47:54,171
- There never have been two countries

1589
01:47:54,171 --> 01:47:56,404
more interdependent on each other

1590
01:47:56,404 --> 01:47:59,154
than China and the US in history.

1591
01:48:01,046 --> 01:48:02,795
And China is the largest trading nation

1592
01:48:02,795 --> 01:48:05,219
in the world and in history.

1593
01:48:05,219 --> 01:48:08,827
So China's economy and their
societies, their lives,

1594
01:48:08,827 --> 01:48:11,410
are linked to the entire world.

1595
01:48:12,736 --> 01:48:15,365
Including America and the West
and all the other countries.

1596
01:48:15,365 --> 01:48:17,858
So I think interdependence
between these two countries

1597
01:48:17,858 --> 01:48:21,585
and among all the nations of the world,

1598
01:48:21,585 --> 01:48:23,547
speak to peace.

1599
01:48:23,547 --> 01:48:26,130
(gentle music)

1600
01:48:54,524 --> 01:48:56,422
- [John Narrating] We don't
have to accept the word

1601
01:48:56,422 --> 01:49:00,163
of those who conjure up
threats and false enemies

1602
01:49:00,163 --> 01:49:03,580
to justify the business and profit of war

1603
01:49:04,645 --> 01:49:08,514
if we recognize there
is another superpower,

1604
01:49:08,514 --> 01:49:10,424
and that's us.

1605
01:49:10,424 --> 01:49:14,340
Ordinary people everywhere,
like the people of Okinawa,

1606
01:49:14,340 --> 01:49:17,492
Jeju Island, the Marshall Islands,

1607
01:49:17,492 --> 01:49:19,575
China, the United States.

1608
01:49:20,764 --> 01:49:24,931
By speaking out, they deliver
a warning to all of us.

1609
01:49:26,551 --> 01:49:29,384
Can we really afford to be silent?

1610
01:49:42,048 --> 01:49:45,444
♪ We'll meet again ♪

1611
01:49:45,444 --> 01:49:49,611
♪ Don't know where, don't know when ♪

1612
01:49:52,037 --> 01:49:55,193
♪ But I know we'll meet again ♪

1613
01:49:55,193 --> 01:49:57,943
♪ Some sunny day ♪

1614
01:50:01,996 --> 01:50:05,722
♪ Keep smiling through ♪

1615
01:50:05,722 --> 01:50:09,222
♪ Just like you always do ♪

1616
01:50:11,568 --> 01:50:15,735
♪ 'Til the blue skies
drive the dark clouds ♪

1617
01:50:16,584 --> 01:50:18,834
♪ Far away ♪

1618
01:50:20,821 --> 01:50:24,467
♪ So will you please say hello ♪

1619
01:50:24,467 --> 01:50:27,115
♪ To the folks that I know ♪

1620
01:50:27,115 --> 01:50:30,782
♪ Tell them I won't be long ♪

1621
01:50:32,428 --> 01:50:34,854
♪ They'll be happy to know ♪

1622
01:50:34,854 --> 01:50:38,210
♪ That as you saw me go ♪

1623
01:50:38,210 --> 01:50:41,710
♪ I was singing this song ♪

1624
01:50:44,098 --> 01:50:47,015
♪ We'll meet again ♪

1625
01:50:48,144 --> 01:50:50,802
♪ Don't know where ♪

1626
01:50:50,802 --> 01:50:54,119
♪ Don't know when ♪

1627
01:50:54,119 --> 01:50:58,109
♪ But I know we'll meet again ♪

1628
01:50:58,109 --> 01:51:00,859
♪ Some sunny day ♪

1629
01:51:05,655 --> 01:51:09,312
♪ We'll meet again ♪

1630
01:51:09,312 --> 01:51:11,799
♪ Don't know where ♪

1631
01:51:11,799 --> 01:51:14,916
♪ Don't know when ♪

1632
01:51:14,916 --> 01:51:18,900
♪ But I know we'll meet again ♪

1633
01:51:18,900 --> 01:51:21,650
♪ Some sunny day ♪

1634
01:51:26,157 --> 01:51:30,177
♪ Keep smiling through ♪

1635
01:51:30,177 --> 01:51:33,677
♪ Just like you always do ♪

1636
01:51:35,989 --> 01:51:40,156
♪ 'Til the blue skies drive
the dark clouds far away ♪

1637
01:51:45,379 --> 01:51:49,014
♪ So will you please say hello ♪

1638
01:51:49,014 --> 01:51:51,752
♪ To the folks that I know ♪

1639
01:51:51,752 --> 01:51:55,419
♪ Tell them I won't be long ♪

1640
01:51:56,805 --> 01:51:59,356
♪ They'll be happy to know ♪

1641
01:51:59,356 --> 01:52:02,031
♪ That as you saw me go ♪

1642
01:52:02,031 --> 01:52:05,531
♪ I was singing this song ♪

1643
01:52:07,702 --> 01:52:10,619
♪ We'll meet again ♪

1644
01:52:11,776 --> 01:52:14,199
♪ Don't know where ♪

1645
01:52:14,199 --> 01:52:17,481
♪ Don't know when ♪

1646
01:52:17,481 --> 01:52:21,314
♪ But I know we'll meet again ♪

1647
01:52:22,356 --> 01:52:25,106
♪ Some sunny day ♪